No office rate
Choose 43193 when the rigid transoral examination includes biopsy. Brushing or washing alone remains within 43191.
On this page
CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01
43191 in Madera
Office / nonfacility
Not available in this setting
Base rate per service
Facility setting
$135.29
Base rate per service
Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.
Endoscopy
About 43191: Rigid transoral diagnostic esophagoscopy
Reports rigid esophageal examination through the mouth for diagnostic evaluation, including specimen collection by brushing or washing when performed.
An otolaryngologist or other qualified physician passes a rigid endoscope through the mouth to inspect the esophagus for problems such as dysphagia, suspected mucosal abnormality, or narrowing. The service is commonly performed in a procedural or operating-room setting. Brushing or washing to collect specimens is included when performed; this code describes diagnostic examination rather than endoscopic biopsy or treatment such as foreign-body removal.
Select this code when the documented approach is rigid and transoral and the service is diagnostic. The operative or procedure note should identify the route and instrument, the area examined, and any brushing or washing performed. Medicare assigns a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Medicare does not pay an assistant-at-surgery claim for this service; co-surgeon and team-surgery billing are not permitted.
CMS billing rules for 43191
- Global period
- Minor procedure with a 0-day global period: same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included.
- Multiple procedures
- Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
- Bilateral procedures
- Bilateral adjustment does not apply; the descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.
- Assistant at surgery
- Statutory restriction: assistant at surgery is not paid.
- Co-surgeons
- Co-surgeons not permitted.
- Team surgery
- Team surgery not permitted.
Where the value comes from
- Work RVU2.43 · 60%
- Practice expense (office) RVU1.26 · 31%
- Malpractice RVU0.37 · 9%
2.1K
Medicare services in 2024 · #2415 by national volume
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
43191 compared with similar codes
Office rates for Madera, from the same CMS release.
$208.15
43197 describes diagnostic examination with a flexible scope passed transnasally; 43191 is rigid and transoral.
$306.89
43200 is the diagnostic flexible transoral esophagoscopy alternative; 43191 uses a rigid transoral scope.
No office rate
43194 describes rigid transoral esophagoscopy with foreign-body removal, rather than diagnostic examination alone.
The same code, a different location
How does Madera compare?
43191 across payment areas
Same release and payment basis · bars start at $0
Madera · This locality
Unavailable
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Other payment areas listed in California appear first, followed by selected cross-country examples. The chart compares amounts, not distance.
The code’s RVUs stay the same in these comparisons. Geographic adjustments to work, practice expense and malpractice change the dollar amount. A city name alone may not identify the payment area for a service address.
Compare all 108 other payment areas
Merced
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Modesto
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Napa
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$148.02
No comparable office rate is available.
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.88
No comparable office rate is available.
Redding
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of California
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.66
No comparable office rate is available.
Salinas
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.08
No comparable office rate is available.
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.63
No comparable office rate is available.
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (Marin Cnty)
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$153.89
No comparable office rate is available.
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (San Francisco/San Mateo/Alameda/Contra Costa Cnty)
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$153.47
No comparable office rate is available.
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (San Benito Cnty)
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$157.40
No comparable office rate is available.
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (Santa Clara Cnty)
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$155.69
No comparable office rate is available.
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.10
No comparable office rate is available.
Santa Cruz-Watsonville
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.63
No comparable office rate is available.
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.13
No comparable office rate is available.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$141.90
No comparable office rate is available.
Stockton
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Vallejo
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$147.42
No comparable office rate is available.
Visalia
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Yuba City
California · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Dc + Md/Va Suburbs
District of Columbia · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$148.88
No comparable office rate is available.
Miami
Florida · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$156.23
No comparable office rate is available.
Chicago
Illinois · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$152.39
No comparable office rate is available.
Manhattan
New York · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$154.86
No comparable office rate is available.
Alaska*
Alaska · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$173.38
No comparable office rate is available.
Alabama
Alabama · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$124.98
No comparable office rate is available.
Arkansas
Arkansas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$123.68
No comparable office rate is available.
Arizona
Arizona · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.52
No comparable office rate is available.
Colorado
Colorado · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.57
No comparable office rate is available.
Connecticut
Connecticut · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$143.07
No comparable office rate is available.
Delaware
Delaware · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.26
No comparable office rate is available.
Fort Lauderdale
Florida · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$146.14
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Florida
Florida · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.97
No comparable office rate is available.
Atlanta
Georgia · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.01
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Georgia
Georgia · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.44
No comparable office rate is available.
Hawaii, Guam
Hawaii · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.17
No comparable office rate is available.
Iowa
Iowa · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$124.58
No comparable office rate is available.
Idaho
Idaho · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$125.73
No comparable office rate is available.
East St. Louis
Illinois · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$144.77
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Illinois
Illinois · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$138.90
No comparable office rate is available.
Suburban Chicago
Illinois · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$146.85
No comparable office rate is available.
Indiana
Indiana · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$126.18
No comparable office rate is available.
Kansas
Kansas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$125.44
No comparable office rate is available.
Kentucky
Kentucky · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$129.89
No comparable office rate is available.
New Orleans
Louisiana · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.81
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Louisiana
Louisiana · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.25
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan Boston
Massachusetts · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$145.74
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Massachusetts
Massachusetts · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.63
No comparable office rate is available.
Baltimore/Surr. Cntys
Maryland · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$142.91
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Maryland
Maryland · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.91
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Maine
Maine · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$127.57
No comparable office rate is available.
Southern Maine
Maine · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.67
No comparable office rate is available.
Detroit
Michigan · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$142.61
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Michigan
Michigan · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.54
No comparable office rate is available.
Minnesota
Minnesota · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.13
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan Kansas City
Missouri · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.76
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan St. Louis
Missouri · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.61
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Missouri
Missouri · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$129.48
No comparable office rate is available.
Mississippi
Mississippi · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$126.53
No comparable office rate is available.
Montana**
Montana · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.58
No comparable office rate is available.
North Carolina
North Carolina · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.33
No comparable office rate is available.
North Dakota**
North Dakota · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.27
No comparable office rate is available.
Nebraska
Nebraska · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$124.68
No comparable office rate is available.
New Hampshire
New Hampshire · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.79
No comparable office rate is available.
Northern Nj
New Jersey · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$148.29
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of New Jersey
New Jersey · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$143.92
No comparable office rate is available.
New Mexico
New Mexico · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.60
No comparable office rate is available.
Nevada**
Nevada · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.59
No comparable office rate is available.
Nyc Suburbs/Long Island
New York · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$159.35
No comparable office rate is available.
Poughkpsie/N Nyc Suburbs
New York · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$145.85
No comparable office rate is available.
Queens
New York · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$153.92
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of New York
New York · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$129.83
No comparable office rate is available.
Ohio
Ohio · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.05
No comparable office rate is available.
Oklahoma
Oklahoma · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.35
No comparable office rate is available.
Portland
Oregon · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$138.41
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Oregon
Oregon · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.77
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan Philadelphia
Pennsylvania · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$141.18
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.48
No comparable office rate is available.
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.89
No comparable office rate is available.
Rhode Island
Rhode Island · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.20
No comparable office rate is available.
South Carolina
South Carolina · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.56
No comparable office rate is available.
South Dakota**
South Dakota · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$127.40
No comparable office rate is available.
Tennessee
Tennessee · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$126.06
No comparable office rate is available.
Austin
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.80
No comparable office rate is available.
Beaumont
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.94
No comparable office rate is available.
Brazoria
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.16
No comparable office rate is available.
Dallas
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.41
No comparable office rate is available.
Fort Worth
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.15
No comparable office rate is available.
Galveston
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.84
No comparable office rate is available.
Houston
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.61
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Texas
Texas · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.26
No comparable office rate is available.
Utah
Utah · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.82
No comparable office rate is available.
Virginia
Virginia · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.26
No comparable office rate is available.
Virgin Islands
United States Virgin Islands · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.89
No comparable office rate is available.
Vermont
Vermont · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$129.08
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Washington
Washington · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.94
No comparable office rate is available.
Seattle (King Cnty)
Washington · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$146.96
No comparable office rate is available.
Wisconsin
Wisconsin · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$125.29
No comparable office rate is available.
West Virginia
West Virginia · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.42
No comparable office rate is available.
Wyoming**
Wyoming · 43191
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.39
No comparable office rate is available.
See how rates vary across the country
43191 · Office / nonfacility · Non-QP. Choose a state to explore its payment localities. A range means the amount varies within that state.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View all state and territory rates as a table
| State / territory | Rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
Where does this rate apply?
Madera is a Medicare payment area. Our Census mapping connects it to 17 cities and communities in California, including the examples shown here.
Some communities span more than one payment area. Follow a city link to compare all of its mapped areas, or check the service-location ZIP above for an address-level starting point.
Use this rate
What is a percentage of Medicare worth?
Turn a percentage into dollars for 43191 in Madera. This uses the base rate on this page, so the locality and release stay consistent.
Reference amount per service
$148.82
$135.29 × 110% = $148.82
A contract may specify another Medicare year or additional adjustments. This is percentage arithmetic on the displayed base rate, not a claim adjudication.
Working with a whole code list?
Compare an offer across your annual code mix, including an older Medicare schedule or flat per-code rates.
How this local rate is calculated
Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 43191 in Madera.
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
5,132
- Code
- 43191
- Physician work
- 2.43
- Practice expense
- 1.26
- Malpractice
- 0.37
GPCI2026.csv
14
- Locality
- Madera
- Physician work
- 1.017
- Practice expense
- 1.096
- Malpractice
- 0.536
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 2.43 | × 1.017 | 2.4713 |
| Practice expense | 1.26 | × 1.096 | 1.3810 |
| Malpractice | 0.37 | × 0.536 | 0.1983 |
| Total RVUs | 4.0506 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Madera$135.29
Open 43191 in the RVU calculator →
Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula
Facility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 2.43 | 1.017 |
| Practice expense | 1.26 | 1.096 |
| Malpractice | 0.37 | 0.536 |
(2.43 × 1.017 + 1.26 × 1.096 + 0.37 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $135.29
The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.
How this rate has changed
43191 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
Explore release dates and calculate this code in an earlier period →
Each row uses the accepted CMS release effective on that date and the same contractor and locality identifiers. Missing rates stay visible. Historical boundaries may differ; verify the service address for an older claim.
Inspect every release and its CMS source
| Effective from | Office / nonfacility | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $135.29 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $135.29 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $135.29 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $135.29 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $153.08 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $153.08 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $153.08 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $153.08 | RVU25A |
43191 billing questions
When should 43191 be selected instead of 43193?
Use 43191 for diagnostic rigid transoral examination, including brushing or washing when performed. Use 43193 when the rigid examination includes biopsy.
Are brushing and washing separately reported?
No. Specimen collection by brushing or washing is included in 43191 when performed.
How does 43191 differ from 43197?
Both describe diagnostic esophageal examination with possible brushing or washing, but 43191 uses a rigid transoral scope and 43197 uses a flexible transnasal scope.
Can 43191 be reported with a foreign-body removal code?
If the rigid esophagoscopy includes removal of a foreign body, consider 43194 rather than reporting the diagnostic code for that same service.
What same-session payment rules affect 43191?
Medicare includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care in its 0-day global period. With multiple procedures in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and the others are subject to the standard 50% reduction.
Can an assistant or co-surgeon be billed for 43191?
Medicare does not pay an assistant-at-surgery claim for this service. Co-surgeon and team-surgery billing are not permitted.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.
Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.
5,12943130,,Removal of esophagus pouch,A,,12.22,6.95,NA,6.95,,2.22,21.39,21.39,0,090,0.09,0.81,0.10,2,0,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,13043135,,Removal of esophagus pouch,A,,25.52,9.62,NA,9.62,,6.43,41.57,41.57,0,090,0.09,0.81,0.10,2,0,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,13143180,,Esophagoscopy rigid trnso,A,,8.80,4.23,NA,4.23,,1.31,14.34,14.34,0,090,0.09,0.81,0.10,2,0,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,13243191,,Esophagoscopy rigid trnso dx,A,,2.43,1.26,NA,1.26,,0.37,4.06,4.06,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,2,0,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,13343192,,Esophagoscp rig trnso inject,A,,2.72,1.28,NA,1.28,,0.40,4.40,4.40,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,43191,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,13443193,,Esophagoscp rig trnso biopsy,A,,2.72,1.30,NA,1.30,,0.41,4.43,4.43,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,43191,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,13543194,,Esophagoscp rig trnso rem fb,A,,3.42,0.94,NA,0.94,,0.48,4.84,4.84,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,43191,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
1101112,CA,56,FRESNO,1.017,1.096,0.536
1201112,CA,57,HANFORD-CORCORAN,1.017,1.096,0.536
1301182,CA,18,LOS ANGELES-LONG BEACH-ANAHEIM (LOS ANGELES/ORANGE CNTY),1.041,1.183,0.664
1401112,CA,58,MADERA,1.017,1.096,0.536
1501112,CA,59,MERCED,1.017,1.096,0.536
1601112,CA,60,MODESTO,1.017,1.096,0.536
1701112,CA,51,NAPA,1.063,1.318,0.508