FeeBase
Log inGet started
Menu
On this page

CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01

28291 in Modesto

Office / nonfacility

$700.63

Base rate per service

Facility setting

$451.34

Base rate per service

Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.

Foot surgery

About 28291: Hallux rigidus correction with implant

Corrects painful, stiff first metatarsophalangeal joint arthritis with joint debridement and an implant when motion-preserving surgery is selected.

A foot and ankle surgeon or podiatric surgeon uses this code for implant arthroplasty to treat symptomatic hallux rigidus at the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The procedure addresses degenerative joint changes and restricted, painful great-toe motion through joint debridement, removal of obstructive bone, capsular release, and implant placement. It is typically performed in an outpatient surgical setting when the operative plan includes an implant rather than correction without one.

Report 28291 for the documented implant procedure, not simply because imaging shows arthritis or an implant was considered. The operative report should support the hallux rigidus diagnosis, the work performed at the joint, and implant placement. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. In a same-session multiple-procedure case, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures at 50%. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery payment may be made; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.

CMS billing rules for 28291

Global period
Major surgery with a 90-day global period: the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care are included.
Multiple procedures
Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
Bilateral procedures
Bilateral procedure with modifier 50 is paid at 150%.
Assistant at surgery
Assistant at surgery may be paid.
Co-surgeons
Co-surgeons paid only with supporting documentation.
Team surgery
Team surgery not permitted.

Where the value comes from

  • Work RVU7.81 · 39%
  • Practice expense (office) RVU11.54 · 57%
  • Malpractice RVU0.72 · 4%

2.7K

Medicare services in 2024 · #2249 by national volume

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

28291 compared with similar codes

Office rates for Modesto, from the same CMS release.

28289

Hallux rigidus surgery

Without implant

$736.75

Both address hallux rigidus with joint debridement and release; 28291 includes implant placement, while 28289 is the choice without an implant.

28292

Bunion correction

Proximal phalanx base resection

$736.87

This corrects hallux valgus, or bunion alignment, rather than implant-treated degenerative stiffness of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.

28295

Bunion correction

Proximal metatarsal osteotomy

$1,122.53

This is a hallux valgus correction involving a proximal first-metatarsal osteotomy; 28291 treats hallux rigidus with an implant.

The same code, a different location

How does Modesto compare?

In Bakersfield, the office rate for 28291 is $702.91—$2.28 higher than the $700.63 rate in Modesto. Both use the same code, release and participation basis.

28291 across payment areas

Same release and payment basis · bars start at $0

  1. Modesto · This locality

    $700.63

  2. Bakersfield

    $702.91

    $2.28 higher than Modesto

  3. Chico

    $700.63

    The same base rate than Modesto

  4. El Centro

    $700.76

    $0.13 higher than Modesto

  5. Fresno

    $700.63

    The same base rate than Modesto

  6. Hanford-Corcoran

    $700.63

    The same base rate than Modesto

  7. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim (Los Angeles/Orange Cnty)

    $743.51

    $42.88 higher than Modesto

Other payment areas listed in California appear first, followed by selected cross-country examples. The chart compares amounts, not distance.

Across 109 of 109 CMS payment localities with a supported office rate, 28291 ranges from $604.34 in Arkansas to $858.26 in San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (San Benito Cnty). This is a geographic range, not an average.

The code’s RVUs stay the same in these comparisons. Geographic adjustments to work, practice expense and malpractice change the dollar amount. A city name alone may not identify the payment area for a service address.

Compare all 108 other payment areas

  • Madera

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Merced

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Napa

    California · 28291

    Office

    $797.53

    Facility

    $497.74

    $96.90 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

    California · 28291

    Office

    $738.75

    Facility

    $469.89

    $38.12 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Redding

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of California

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

    California · 28291

    Office

    $708.52

    Facility

    $459.22

    $7.89 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom

    California · 28291

    Office

    $731.42

    Facility

    $466.88

    $30.79 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Salinas

    California · 28291

    Office

    $728.57

    Facility

    $464.94

    $27.94 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad

    California · 28291

    Office

    $742.72

    Facility

    $470.67

    $42.09 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (Marin Cnty)

    California · 28291

    Office

    $840.16

    Facility

    $519.44

    $139.53 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (San Francisco/San Mateo/Alameda/Contra Costa Cnty)

    California · 28291

    Office

    $839.34

    Facility

    $518.62

    $138.71 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (San Benito Cnty)

    California · 28291

    Office

    $858.26

    Facility

    $530.26

    $157.63 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (Santa Clara Cnty)

    California · 28291

    Office

    $854.92

    Facility

    $526.92

    $154.29 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles

    California · 28291

    Office

    $717.21

    Facility

    $458.13

    $16.58 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Santa Cruz-Watsonville

    California · 28291

    Office

    $747.55

    Facility

    $471.18

    $46.92 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

    California · 28291

    Office

    $730.49

    Facility

    $465.27

    $29.86 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Santa Rosa-Petaluma

    California · 28291

    Office

    $754.91

    Facility

    $475.58

    $54.28 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Stockton

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Vallejo

    California · 28291

    Office

    $796.35

    Facility

    $496.56

    $95.72 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Visalia

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Yuba City

    California · 28291

    Office

    $700.63

    Facility

    $451.34

    The same base rate than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Dc + Md/Va Suburbs

    District of Columbia · 28291

    Office

    $755.77

    Facility

    $487.82

    $55.14 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Miami

    Florida · 28291

    Office

    $722.93

    Facility

    $486.14

    $22.30 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Chicago

    Illinois · 28291

    Office

    $705.25

    Facility

    $476.65

    $4.62 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Manhattan

    New York · 28291

    Office

    $763.59

    Facility

    $499.28

    $62.96 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Alaska*

    Alaska · 28291

    Office

    $815.04

    Facility

    $572.80

    $114.41 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Alabama

    Alabama · 28291

    Office

    $611.74

    Facility

    $412.71

    $88.89 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Arkansas

    Arkansas · 28291

    Office

    $604.34

    Facility

    $408.96

    $96.29 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Arizona

    Arizona · 28291

    Office

    $654.94

    Facility

    $434.54

    $45.69 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Colorado

    Colorado · 28291

    Office

    $692.89

    Facility

    $450.87

    $7.74 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Connecticut

    Connecticut · 28291

    Office

    $710.30

    Facility

    $465.33

    $9.67 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Delaware

    Delaware · 28291

    Office

    $664.61

    Facility

    $439.88

    $36.02 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Fort Lauderdale

    Florida · 28291

    Office

    $694.80

    Facility

    $464.38

    $5.83 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Florida

    Florida · 28291

    Office

    $665.49

    Facility

    $448.04

    $35.14 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Atlanta

    Georgia · 28291

    Office

    $682.14

    Facility

    $451.04

    $18.49 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Georgia

    Georgia · 28291

    Office

    $633.35

    Facility

    $430.45

    $67.28 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Hawaii, Guam

    Hawaii · 28291

    Office

    $713.04

    Facility

    $454.42

    $12.41 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Iowa

    Iowa · 28291

    Office

    $623.09

    Facility

    $414.97

    $77.54 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Idaho

    Idaho · 28291

    Office

    $626.85

    Facility

    $417.58

    $73.78 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • East St. Louis

    Illinois · 28291

    Office

    $663.91

    Facility

    $454.64

    $36.72 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Illinois

    Illinois · 28291

    Office

    $650.36

    Facility

    $442.69

    $50.27 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Suburban Chicago

    Illinois · 28291

    Office

    $701.15

    Facility

    $467.55

    $0.52 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Indiana

    Indiana · 28291

    Office

    $629.86

    Facility

    $419.00

    $70.77 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Kansas

    Kansas · 28291

    Office

    $621.43

    Facility

    $415.80

    $79.20 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Kentucky

    Kentucky · 28291

    Office

    $625.53

    Facility

    $423.32

    $75.10 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • New Orleans

    Louisiana · 28291

    Office

    $650.89

    Facility

    $436.85

    $49.74 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Louisiana

    Louisiana · 28291

    Office

    $625.02

    Facility

    $423.72

    $75.61 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan Boston

    Massachusetts · 28291

    Office

    $753.18

    Facility

    $481.60

    $52.55 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Massachusetts

    Massachusetts · 28291

    Office

    $690.08

    Facility

    $450.56

    $10.55 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Baltimore/Surr. Cntys

    Maryland · 28291

    Office

    $708.37

    Facility

    $464.30

    $7.74 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Maryland

    Maryland · 28291

    Office

    $675.62

    Facility

    $445.43

    $25.01 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Maine

    Maine · 28291

    Office

    $630.43

    Facility

    $421.17

    $70.20 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Southern Maine

    Maine · 28291

    Office

    $658.01

    Facility

    $432.60

    $42.62 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Detroit

    Michigan · 28291

    Office

    $673.36

    Facility

    $453.86

    $27.27 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Michigan

    Michigan · 28291

    Office

    $639.92

    Facility

    $432.25

    $60.71 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Minnesota

    Minnesota · 28291

    Office

    $664.60

    Facility

    $430.55

    $36.03 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan Kansas City

    Missouri · 28291

    Office

    $646.29

    Facility

    $432.71

    $54.34 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan St. Louis

    Missouri · 28291

    Office

    $651.90

    Facility

    $435.36

    $48.73 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Missouri

    Missouri · 28291

    Office

    $616.54

    Facility

    $420.47

    $84.09 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Mississippi

    Mississippi · 28291

    Office

    $610.50

    Facility

    $414.66

    $90.13 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Montana**

    Montana · 28291

    Office

    $670.31

    Facility

    $442.85

    $30.32 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • North Carolina

    North Carolina · 28291

    Office

    $635.85

    Facility

    $423.63

    $64.78 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • North Dakota**

    North Dakota · 28291

    Office

    $656.07

    Facility

    $428.61

    $44.56 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Nebraska

    Nebraska · 28291

    Office

    $625.72

    Facility

    $415.77

    $74.91 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • New Hampshire

    New Hampshire · 28291

    Office

    $683.15

    Facility

    $446.37

    $17.48 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Northern Nj

    New Jersey · 28291

    Office

    $750.10

    Facility

    $486.24

    $49.47 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of New Jersey

    New Jersey · 28291

    Office

    $718.58

    Facility

    $470.20

    $17.95 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • New Mexico

    New Mexico · 28291

    Office

    $643.20

    Facility

    $434.62

    $57.43 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Nevada**

    Nevada · 28291

    Office

    $666.73

    Facility

    $439.04

    $33.90 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Nyc Suburbs/Long Island

    New York · 28291

    Office

    $780.51

    Facility

    $510.06

    $79.88 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Poughkpsie/N Nyc Suburbs

    New York · 28291

    Office

    $723.76

    Facility

    $474.69

    $23.13 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Queens

    New York · 28291

    Office

    $767.83

    Facility

    $498.97

    $67.20 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of New York

    New York · 28291

    Office

    $643.94

    Facility

    $427.85

    $56.69 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Ohio

    Ohio · 28291

    Office

    $637.01

    Facility

    $429.34

    $63.62 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Oklahoma

    Oklahoma · 28291

    Office

    $623.75

    Facility

    $420.63

    $76.88 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Portland

    Oregon · 28291

    Office

    $711.16

    Facility

    $458.45

    $10.53 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Oregon

    Oregon · 28291

    Office

    $661.67

    Facility

    $435.12

    $38.96 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan Philadelphia

    Pennsylvania · 28291

    Office

    $695.50

    Facility

    $458.71

    $5.13 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Pennsylvania

    Pennsylvania · 28291

    Office

    $637.43

    Facility

    $428.62

    $63.20 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Puerto Rico

    Puerto Rico · 28291

    Office

    $674.24

    Facility

    $444.27

    $26.39 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rhode Island

    Rhode Island · 28291

    Office

    $685.43

    Facility

    $450.47

    $15.20 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • South Carolina

    South Carolina · 28291

    Office

    $637.45

    Facility

    $427.28

    $63.18 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • South Dakota**

    South Dakota · 28291

    Office

    $654.39

    Facility

    $426.93

    $46.24 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Tennessee

    Tennessee · 28291

    Office

    $624.15

    Facility

    $417.38

    $76.48 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Austin

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $690.49

    Facility

    $449.84

    $10.14 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Beaumont

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $633.96

    Facility

    $426.97

    $66.67 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Brazoria

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $663.68

    Facility

    $438.27

    $36.95 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Dallas

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $667.75

    Facility

    $441.20

    $32.88 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Fort Worth

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $664.21

    Facility

    $439.93

    $36.42 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Galveston

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $665.61

    Facility

    $439.74

    $35.02 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Houston

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $678.79

    Facility

    $452.92

    $21.84 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Texas

    Texas · 28291

    Office

    $648.37

    Facility

    $432.51

    $52.26 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Utah

    Utah · 28291

    Office

    $644.78

    Facility

    $430.96

    $55.85 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Virginia

    Virginia · 28291

    Office

    $656.73

    Facility

    $433.14

    $43.90 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Virgin Islands

    United States Virgin Islands · 28291

    Office

    $674.24

    Facility

    $444.27

    $26.39 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Vermont

    Vermont · 28291

    Office

    $654.62

    Facility

    $429.44

    $46.01 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Washington

    Washington · 28291

    Office

    $688.43

    Facility

    $448.91

    $12.20 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Seattle (King Cnty)

    Washington · 28291

    Office

    $766.49

    Facility

    $487.40

    $65.86 higher than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Wisconsin

    Wisconsin · 28291

    Office

    $637.53

    Facility

    $419.62

    $63.10 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • West Virginia

    West Virginia · 28291

    Office

    $630.23

    Facility

    $432.56

    $70.40 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

  • Wyoming**

    Wyoming · 28291

    Office

    $664.10

    Facility

    $436.64

    $36.53 lower than Modesto for the office setting.

See how rates vary across the country

28291 · Office / nonfacility · Non-QP. Choose a state to explore its payment localities. A range means the amount varies within that state.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$604.34

$815.04

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View all state and territory rates as a table
State / territoryRate rangeLocalities
AK$815.041
AL$611.741
AR$604.341
AZ$654.941
CA$700.63–$858.2629
CO$692.891
CT$710.301
DC$755.771
DE$664.611
FL$665.49–$722.933
GA$633.35–$682.142
GU$713.041
HI$713.041
IA$623.091
ID$626.851
IL$650.36–$705.254
IN$629.861
KS$621.431
KY$625.531
LA$625.02–$650.892
MA$690.08–$753.182
MD$675.62–$755.773
ME$630.43–$658.012
MI$639.92–$673.362
MN$664.601
MO$616.54–$651.903
MS$610.501
MT$670.311
NC$635.851
ND$656.071
NE$625.721
NH$683.151
NJ$718.58–$750.102
NM$643.201
NV$666.731
NY$643.94–$780.515
OH$637.011
OK$623.751
OR$661.67–$711.162
PA$637.43–$695.502
PR$674.241
RI$685.431
SC$637.451
SD$654.391
TN$624.151
TX$633.96–$690.498
UT$644.781
VA$656.73–$755.772
VI$674.241
VT$654.621
WA$688.43–$766.492
WI$637.531
WV$630.231
WY$664.101

Explore 28291 on the national rate map →

Where does this rate apply?

Modesto is a Medicare payment area. Our Census mapping connects it to 33 cities and communities in California, including the examples shown here.

Some communities span more than one payment area. Follow a city link to compare all of its mapped areas, or check the service-location ZIP above for an address-level starting point.

Browse all communities in California →

Why are the office and facility amounts different?

For 28291 in Modesto, the physician’s office rate is $700.63 and the facility-setting rate is $451.34: a difference of $249.29.

The calculation uses a different practice-expense RVU for each setting. Both amounts here are physician fee-schedule amounts. The facility figure does not include a hospital’s separate charges, so this comparison does not tell you the total cost of receiving care in each setting.

See the inputs behind this difference →

Use this rate

What is a percentage of Medicare worth?

Turn a percentage into dollars for 28291 in Modesto. This uses the base rate on this page, so the locality and release stay consistent.

Reference amount per service

$770.69

$700.63 × 110% = $770.69

A contract may specify another Medicare year or additional adjustments. This is percentage arithmetic on the displayed base rate, not a claim adjudication.

Working with a whole code list?

Compare an offer across your annual code mix, including an older Medicare schedule or flat per-code rates.

Compare your contract offer →

How this local rate is calculated

Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 28291 in Modesto.

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,172

Code
28291
Physician work
7.81
Practice expense
11.54
Malpractice
0.72

GPCI2026.csv

16

Locality
Modesto
Physician work
1.017
Practice expense
1.096
Malpractice
0.536
Office / nonfacility calculation for 28291 in Modesto
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work7.81× 1.0177.9428
Practice expense11.54× 1.09612.6478
Malpractice0.72× 0.5360.3859
Total RVUs20.9765
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office / nonfacility rate, Modesto$700.63

Open 28291 in the RVU calculator →

Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula

Office / nonfacility

Office / nonfacility calculation inputs
ComponentRVULocal GPCI
Work7.811.017
Practice expense11.541.096
Malpractice0.720.536

(7.81 × 1.017 + 11.54 × 1.096 + 0.72 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $700.63

Facility

Facility calculation inputs
ComponentRVULocal GPCI
Work7.811.017
Practice expense4.731.096
Malpractice0.720.536

(7.81 × 1.017 + 4.73 × 1.096 + 0.72 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $451.34

The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.

How this rate has changed

28291 · Office / nonfacility

$700.63

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $12.46 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $688.17 to $700.63 (1.8%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $688.17changed to$700.63

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 8.01 changed to 7.81
    • Practice expense RVU 11.67 changed to 11.54
    • Malpractice RVU 0.71 changed to 0.72
    • Work GPCI 1.014 changed to 1.017
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.093 changed to 1.096
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.560 changed to 0.536

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    Earliest loaded release: $688.17

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

Explore release dates and calculate this code in an earlier period →

Each row uses the accepted CMS release effective on that date and the same contractor and locality identifiers. Missing rates stay visible. Historical boundaries may differ; verify the service address for an older claim.

Inspect every release and its CMS source
Effective fromOffice / nonfacilityFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$700.63$451.34RVU26D
2026-07-01$700.63$451.34RVU26C
2026-04-01$700.63$451.34RVU26B
2026-01-01$700.63$451.34RVU26A
2025-10-01$688.17$480.29RVU25D
2025-07-01$688.17$480.29RVU25C
2025-04-01$688.17$480.29RVU25B
2025-01-01$688.17$480.29RVU25A

28291 billing questions

When should 28291 be chosen instead of 28289?

Use 28291 when the hallux rigidus correction includes implant placement. Code 28289 describes the corresponding correction without an implant.

Does the code include the joint debridement and capsular release?

Yes. These are part of the described hallux rigidus correction; do not separately report them as though they were unrelated procedures.

What operative documentation supports 28291?

Document the symptomatic first metatarsophalangeal joint condition, the correction performed, and placement of the implant. The operative note should make clear that the procedure was an implant correction rather than correction without an implant.

How is modifier 50 handled for bilateral surgery?

CMS pays bilateral reporting with modifier 50 at 150%. The record should support that the same procedure was performed on both sides.

How does CMS handle other procedures performed in the same session?

The highest-valued procedure is paid in full, and other procedures are paid at 50%. Related postoperative care is included in the 90-day global period.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.

Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.

RVUs for 28291PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,172 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for ModestoGPCI2026.csv, line 16 (RVU26D)
Open CMS sourceHow this rate is calculatedBuild a fee sheet