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CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01

28665 in Redding

Office / nonfacility

$161.24

Base rate per service

Facility setting

$122.80

Base rate per service

Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.

Orthopedic procedure

About 28665: Closed toe interphalangeal dislocation treatment

Closed treatment of a toe interphalangeal joint dislocation when the procedure requires anesthesia, reported for reduction without open surgical repair.

This service treats a dislocated joint between the phalanges of a toe by closed reduction, without opening the joint for surgical repair. It is distinct from treatment of a metatarsophalangeal dislocation at the base of a toe. Orthopedic physicians, podiatrists, and other clinicians qualified to manage toe injuries may perform the reduction in an emergency department, office, or operating or procedure room, depending on the circumstances and need for anesthesia.

Report the code when the treated joint is interphalangeal and anesthesia is required for the closed treatment. The record should identify the affected toe and joint, document the dislocation and closed reduction, and support the anesthetic requirement. Related postoperative visits during the 10-day global period are included. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. Assistant-at-surgery payment requires documented medical necessity; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

CMS billing rules for 28665

Global period
Minor procedure with a 10-day global period: related postoperative visits for 10 days are included.
Multiple procedures
Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
Bilateral procedures
Bilateral adjustment does not apply; the descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.
Assistant at surgery
Assistant at surgery is paid only with documentation of medical necessity.
Co-surgeons
Co-surgeons not permitted.
Team surgery
Team surgery not permitted.

Where the value comes from

  • Work RVU1.92 · 41%
  • Practice expense (office) RVU2.53 · 55%
  • Malpractice RVU0.19 · 4%

255

Medicare services in 2024 · #4121 by national volume

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

28665 compared with similar codes

Office rates for Redding, from the same CMS release.

28660

Toe dislocation

Interphalangeal, without anesthesia

$155.66

Use 28660 for closed treatment of an interphalangeal dislocation without anesthesia; 28665 is for treatment requiring anesthesia.

28666

Toe reduction

Anesthesia with manipulation

No office rate

28666 applies to the related interphalangeal-joint treatment involving manipulation with anesthesia; distinguish it from 28665 by the documented maneuver.

28635

Toe dislocation

Manipulation without anesthesia

$182.30

This code concerns a metatarsophalangeal dislocation at the base of the toe requiring anesthesia. Code 28665 is for an interphalangeal joint.

28675

Toe dislocation repair

Open interphalangeal joint

$616.74

28675 is for open treatment of an interphalangeal toe dislocation; 28665 represents closed treatment.

The same code, a different location

How does Redding compare?

In Bakersfield, the office rate for 28665 is $161.83—$0.59 higher than the $161.24 rate in Redding. Both use the same code, release and participation basis.

28665 across payment areas

Same release and payment basis · bars start at $0

  1. Redding · This locality

    $161.24

  2. Bakersfield

    $161.83

    $0.59 higher than Redding

  3. Chico

    $161.24

    The same base rate than Redding

  4. El Centro

    $161.27

    $0.03 higher than Redding

  5. Fresno

    $161.24

    The same base rate than Redding

  6. Hanford-Corcoran

    $161.24

    The same base rate than Redding

  7. Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim (Los Angeles/Orange Cnty)

    $170.94

    $9.70 higher than Redding

Other payment areas listed in California appear first, followed by selected cross-country examples. The chart compares amounts, not distance.

Across 109 of 109 CMS payment localities with a supported office rate, 28665 ranges from $139.99 in Arkansas to $196.44 in San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (San Benito Cnty). This is a geographic range, not an average.

The code’s RVUs stay the same in these comparisons. Geographic adjustments to work, practice expense and malpractice change the dollar amount. A city name alone may not identify the payment area for a service address.

Compare all 108 other payment areas

  • Madera

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Merced

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Modesto

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Napa

    California · 28665

    Office

    $182.77

    Facility

    $136.55

    $21.53 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura

    California · 28665

    Office

    $169.76

    Facility

    $128.31

    $8.52 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of California

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario

    California · 28665

    Office

    $163.31

    Facility

    $124.88

    $2.07 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom

    California · 28665

    Office

    $168.12

    Facility

    $127.33

    $6.88 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Salinas

    California · 28665

    Office

    $167.46

    Facility

    $126.81

    $6.22 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad

    California · 28665

    Office

    $170.56

    Facility

    $128.62

    $9.32 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (Marin Cnty)

    California · 28665

    Office

    $192.29

    Facility

    $142.84

    $31.05 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (San Francisco/San Mateo/Alameda/Contra Costa Cnty)

    California · 28665

    Office

    $192.07

    Facility

    $142.62

    $30.83 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (San Benito Cnty)

    California · 28665

    Office

    $196.44

    Facility

    $145.87

    $35.20 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (Santa Clara Cnty)

    California · 28665

    Office

    $195.56

    Facility

    $144.99

    $34.32 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles

    California · 28665

    Office

    $164.87

    Facility

    $124.93

    $3.63 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Santa Cruz-Watsonville

    California · 28665

    Office

    $171.55

    Facility

    $128.94

    $10.31 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Santa Maria-Santa Barbara

    California · 28665

    Office

    $167.86

    Facility

    $126.97

    $6.62 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Santa Rosa-Petaluma

    California · 28665

    Office

    $173.23

    Facility

    $130.16

    $11.99 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Stockton

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Vallejo

    California · 28665

    Office

    $182.46

    Facility

    $136.24

    $21.22 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Visalia

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Yuba City

    California · 28665

    Office

    $161.24

    Facility

    $122.80

    The same base rate than Redding for the office setting.

  • Dc + Md/Va Suburbs

    District of Columbia · 28665

    Office

    $174.20

    Facility

    $132.89

    $12.96 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Miami

    Florida · 28665

    Office

    $168.15

    Facility

    $131.64

    $6.91 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Chicago

    Illinois · 28665

    Office

    $164.07

    Facility

    $128.82

    $2.83 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Manhattan

    New York · 28665

    Office

    $176.49

    Facility

    $135.74

    $15.25 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Alaska*

    Alaska · 28665

    Office

    $189.69

    Facility

    $152.34

    $28.45 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Alabama

    Alabama · 28665

    Office

    $141.66

    Facility

    $110.98

    $19.58 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Arkansas

    Arkansas · 28665

    Office

    $139.99

    Facility

    $109.86

    $21.25 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Arizona

    Arizona · 28665

    Office

    $151.45

    Facility

    $117.46

    $9.79 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Colorado

    Colorado · 28665

    Office

    $159.77

    Facility

    $122.45

    $1.47 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Connecticut

    Connecticut · 28665

    Office

    $164.10

    Facility

    $126.33

    $2.86 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Delaware

    Delaware · 28665

    Office

    $153.65

    Facility

    $119.00

    $7.59 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Fort Lauderdale

    Florida · 28665

    Office

    $161.21

    Facility

    $125.68

    $0.03 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Florida

    Florida · 28665

    Office

    $154.45

    Facility

    $120.93

    $6.79 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Atlanta

    Georgia · 28665

    Office

    $157.80

    Facility

    $122.17

    $3.44 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Georgia

    Georgia · 28665

    Office

    $147.07

    Facility

    $115.79

    $14.17 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Hawaii, Guam

    Hawaii · 28665

    Office

    $163.89

    Facility

    $124.01

    $2.65 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Iowa

    Iowa · 28665

    Office

    $143.97

    Facility

    $111.88

    $17.27 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Idaho

    Idaho · 28665

    Office

    $144.88

    Facility

    $112.61

    $16.36 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • East St. Louis

    Illinois · 28665

    Office

    $154.65

    Facility

    $122.39

    $6.59 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Illinois

    Illinois · 28665

    Office

    $151.20

    Facility

    $119.18

    $10.04 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Suburban Chicago

    Illinois · 28665

    Office

    $162.61

    Facility

    $126.59

    $1.37 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Indiana

    Indiana · 28665

    Office

    $145.55

    Facility

    $113.04

    $15.69 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Kansas

    Kansas · 28665

    Office

    $143.72

    Facility

    $112.02

    $17.52 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Kentucky

    Kentucky · 28665

    Office

    $145.06

    Facility

    $113.88

    $16.18 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • New Orleans

    Louisiana · 28665

    Office

    $150.86

    Facility

    $117.86

    $10.38 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Louisiana

    Louisiana · 28665

    Office

    $145.00

    Facility

    $113.96

    $16.24 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan Boston

    Massachusetts · 28665

    Office

    $173.31

    Facility

    $131.43

    $12.07 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Massachusetts

    Massachusetts · 28665

    Office

    $159.20

    Facility

    $122.27

    $2.04 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Baltimore/Surr. Cntys

    Maryland · 28665

    Office

    $163.68

    Facility

    $126.05

    $2.44 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Maryland

    Maryland · 28665

    Office

    $156.12

    Facility

    $120.62

    $5.12 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Maine

    Maine · 28665

    Office

    $145.82

    Facility

    $113.56

    $15.42 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Southern Maine

    Maine · 28665

    Office

    $151.88

    Facility

    $117.12

    $9.36 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Detroit

    Michigan · 28665

    Office

    $156.38

    Facility

    $122.53

    $4.86 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Michigan

    Michigan · 28665

    Office

    $148.45

    Facility

    $116.43

    $12.79 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Minnesota

    Minnesota · 28665

    Office

    $152.96

    Facility

    $116.88

    $8.28 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan Kansas City

    Missouri · 28665

    Office

    $149.68

    Facility

    $116.75

    $11.56 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan St. Louis

    Missouri · 28665

    Office

    $150.94

    Facility

    $117.55

    $10.30 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Missouri

    Missouri · 28665

    Office

    $143.15

    Facility

    $112.92

    $18.09 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Mississippi

    Mississippi · 28665

    Office

    $141.58

    Facility

    $111.38

    $19.66 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Montana**

    Montana · 28665

    Office

    $154.97

    Facility

    $119.90

    $6.27 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • North Carolina

    North Carolina · 28665

    Office

    $147.03

    Facility

    $114.31

    $14.21 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • North Dakota**

    North Dakota · 28665

    Office

    $151.21

    Facility

    $116.14

    $10.03 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Nebraska

    Nebraska · 28665

    Office

    $144.53

    Facility

    $112.16

    $16.71 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • New Hampshire

    New Hampshire · 28665

    Office

    $157.65

    Facility

    $121.14

    $3.59 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Northern Nj

    New Jersey · 28665

    Office

    $172.97

    Facility

    $132.29

    $11.73 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of New Jersey

    New Jersey · 28665

    Office

    $165.94

    Facility

    $127.64

    $4.70 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • New Mexico

    New Mexico · 28665

    Office

    $149.24

    Facility

    $117.08

    $12.00 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Nevada**

    Nevada · 28665

    Office

    $154.00

    Facility

    $118.90

    $7.24 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Nyc Suburbs/Long Island

    New York · 28665

    Office

    $180.49

    Facility

    $138.80

    $19.25 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Poughkpsie/N Nyc Suburbs

    New York · 28665

    Office

    $167.23

    Facility

    $128.82

    $5.99 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Queens

    New York · 28665

    Office

    $177.27

    Facility

    $135.82

    $16.03 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of New York

    New York · 28665

    Office

    $148.87

    Facility

    $115.55

    $12.37 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Ohio

    Ohio · 28665

    Office

    $147.68

    Facility

    $115.66

    $13.56 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Oklahoma

    Oklahoma · 28665

    Office

    $144.52

    Facility

    $113.20

    $16.72 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Portland

    Oregon · 28665

    Office

    $163.76

    Facility

    $124.80

    $2.52 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Oregon

    Oregon · 28665

    Office

    $152.76

    Facility

    $117.83

    $8.48 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Metropolitan Philadelphia

    Pennsylvania · 28665

    Office

    $160.82

    Facility

    $124.32

    $0.42 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Pennsylvania

    Pennsylvania · 28665

    Office

    $147.70

    Facility

    $115.51

    $13.54 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Puerto Rico

    Puerto Rico · 28665

    Office

    $155.81

    Facility

    $120.36

    $5.43 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rhode Island

    Rhode Island · 28665

    Office

    $158.30

    Facility

    $122.07

    $2.94 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • South Carolina

    South Carolina · 28665

    Office

    $147.61

    Facility

    $115.20

    $13.63 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • South Dakota**

    South Dakota · 28665

    Office

    $150.77

    Facility

    $115.70

    $10.47 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Tennessee

    Tennessee · 28665

    Office

    $144.35

    Facility

    $112.47

    $16.89 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Austin

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $159.29

    Facility

    $122.18

    $1.95 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Beaumont

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $146.92

    Facility

    $115.01

    $14.32 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Brazoria

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $153.34

    Facility

    $118.58

    $7.90 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Dallas

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $154.32

    Facility

    $119.39

    $6.92 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Fort Worth

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $153.56

    Facility

    $118.98

    $7.68 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Galveston

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $153.81

    Facility

    $118.98

    $7.43 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Houston

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $157.29

    Facility

    $122.46

    $3.95 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Texas

    Texas · 28665

    Office

    $150.05

    Facility

    $116.77

    $11.19 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Utah

    Utah · 28665

    Office

    $149.26

    Facility

    $116.30

    $11.98 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Virginia

    Virginia · 28665

    Office

    $151.68

    Facility

    $117.20

    $9.56 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Virgin Islands

    United States Virgin Islands · 28665

    Office

    $155.81

    Facility

    $120.36

    $5.43 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Vermont

    Vermont · 28665

    Office

    $151.00

    Facility

    $116.28

    $10.24 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Rest Of Washington

    Washington · 28665

    Office

    $158.78

    Facility

    $121.85

    $2.46 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Seattle (King Cnty)

    Washington · 28665

    Office

    $176.21

    Facility

    $133.18

    $14.97 higher than Redding for the office setting.

  • Wisconsin

    Wisconsin · 28665

    Office

    $147.04

    Facility

    $113.44

    $14.20 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • West Virginia

    West Virginia · 28665

    Office

    $146.65

    Facility

    $116.17

    $14.59 lower than Redding for the office setting.

  • Wyoming**

    Wyoming · 28665

    Office

    $153.33

    Facility

    $118.26

    $7.91 lower than Redding for the office setting.

See how rates vary across the country

28665 · Office / nonfacility · Non-QP. Choose a state to explore its payment localities. A range means the amount varies within that state.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$139.99

$189.69

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View all state and territory rates as a table
State / territoryRate rangeLocalities
AK$189.691
AL$141.661
AR$139.991
AZ$151.451
CA$161.24–$196.4429
CO$159.771
CT$164.101
DC$174.201
DE$153.651
FL$154.45–$168.153
GA$147.07–$157.802
GU$163.891
HI$163.891
IA$143.971
ID$144.881
IL$151.20–$164.074
IN$145.551
KS$143.721
KY$145.061
LA$145.00–$150.862
MA$159.20–$173.312
MD$156.12–$174.203
ME$145.82–$151.882
MI$148.45–$156.382
MN$152.961
MO$143.15–$150.943
MS$141.581
MT$154.971
NC$147.031
ND$151.211
NE$144.531
NH$157.651
NJ$165.94–$172.972
NM$149.241
NV$154.001
NY$148.87–$180.495
OH$147.681
OK$144.521
OR$152.76–$163.762
PA$147.70–$160.822
PR$155.811
RI$158.301
SC$147.611
SD$150.771
TN$144.351
TX$146.92–$159.298
UT$149.261
VA$151.68–$174.202
VI$155.811
VT$151.001
WA$158.78–$176.212
WI$147.041
WV$146.651
WY$153.331

Explore 28665 on the national rate map →

Where does this rate apply?

Redding is a Medicare payment area. Our Census mapping connects it to 32 cities and communities in California, including the examples shown here.

Some communities span more than one payment area. Follow a city link to compare all of its mapped areas, or check the service-location ZIP above for an address-level starting point.

Browse all communities in California →

Why are the office and facility amounts different?

For 28665 in Redding, the physician’s office rate is $161.24 and the facility-setting rate is $122.80: a difference of $38.44.

The calculation uses a different practice-expense RVU for each setting. Both amounts here are physician fee-schedule amounts. The facility figure does not include a hospital’s separate charges, so this comparison does not tell you the total cost of receiving care in each setting.

See the inputs behind this difference →

Use this rate

What is a percentage of Medicare worth?

Turn a percentage into dollars for 28665 in Redding. This uses the base rate on this page, so the locality and release stay consistent.

Reference amount per service

$177.36

$161.24 × 110% = $177.36

A contract may specify another Medicare year or additional adjustments. This is percentage arithmetic on the displayed base rate, not a claim adjudication.

Working with a whole code list?

Compare an offer across your annual code mix, including an older Medicare schedule or flat per-code rates.

Compare your contract offer →

How this local rate is calculated

Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 28665 in Redding.

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,242

Code
28665
Physician work
1.92
Practice expense
2.53
Malpractice
0.19

GPCI2026.csv

19

Locality
Redding
Physician work
1.017
Practice expense
1.096
Malpractice
0.536
Office / nonfacility calculation for 28665 in Redding
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.92× 1.0171.9526
Practice expense2.53× 1.0962.7729
Malpractice0.19× 0.5360.1018
Total RVUs4.8274
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office / nonfacility rate, Redding$161.24

Open 28665 in the RVU calculator →

Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula

Office / nonfacility

Office / nonfacility calculation inputs
ComponentRVULocal GPCI
Work1.921.017
Practice expense2.531.096
Malpractice0.190.536

(1.92 × 1.017 + 2.53 × 1.096 + 0.19 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $161.24

Facility

Facility calculation inputs
ComponentRVULocal GPCI
Work1.921.017
Practice expense1.481.096
Malpractice0.190.536

(1.92 × 1.017 + 1.48 × 1.096 + 0.19 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $122.80

The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.

How this rate has changed

28665 · Office / nonfacility

$161.24

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $6.22 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $155.02 to $161.24 (4.0%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $155.02changed to$161.24

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 1.97 changed to 1.92
    • Practice expense RVU 2.47 changed to 2.53
    • Malpractice RVU 0.17 changed to 0.19
    • Work GPCI 1.014 changed to 1.017
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.093 changed to 1.096
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.560 changed to 0.536

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    Earliest loaded release: $155.02

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

Explore release dates and calculate this code in an earlier period →

Each row uses the accepted CMS release effective on that date and the same contractor and locality identifiers. Missing rates stay visible. Historical boundaries may differ; verify the service address for an older claim.

Inspect every release and its CMS source
Effective fromOffice / nonfacilityFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$161.24$122.80RVU26D
2026-07-01$161.24$122.80RVU26C
2026-04-01$161.24$122.80RVU26B
2026-01-01$161.24$122.80RVU26A
2025-10-01$155.02$127.80RVU25D
2025-07-01$155.02$127.80RVU25C
2025-04-01$155.02$127.80RVU25B
2025-01-01$155.02$127.80RVU25A

28665 billing questions

How does this differ from 28660?

Both address closed treatment of an interphalangeal joint dislocation. Use 28665 when anesthesia is required; 28660 is the counterpart for treatment without anesthesia.

When would 28666 be considered instead?

28666 is the related interphalangeal-joint treatment code when manipulation requiring anesthesia is performed. Document the treatment and manipulation to support code selection.

Can this code be used for a dislocation at the base of a toe?

No. The base-of-toe metatarsophalangeal joint is a different site; 28665 concerns an interphalangeal joint between toe bones.

Are follow-up visits separately reported during the global period?

Related postoperative visits for 10 days are included in the global period for this minor procedure.

Can modifier 50 be used when more than one toe is treated?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code. Report the service based on the treatment performed and applicable claim instructions.

What documentation supports 28665?

Document the affected toe and interphalangeal joint, the dislocation, the closed treatment performed, and why anesthesia was required.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.

Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.

RVUs for 28665PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,242 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for ReddingGPCI2026.csv, line 19 (RVU26D)
Open CMS sourceHow this rate is calculatedBuild a fee sheet