No office rate
45327 uses rigid proctosigmoidoscopy for stent placement. 45347 describes stent placement using a flexible sigmoidoscope.
On this page
CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01
45347 in Vallejo
Office / nonfacility
Not available in this setting
Base rate per service
Facility setting
$148.87
Base rate per service
Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.
Gastrointestinal endoscopy
About 45347: Flexible sigmoidoscopy with stent placement
Reports flexible sigmoidoscopy with placement of a stent across a narrowed large-bowel segment, commonly to relieve obstruction from a colorectal lesion.
A gastroenterologist or colorectal surgeon advances a flexible endoscope through the rectum into the sigmoid or left colon and places a stent across a narrowed segment. A typical setting is a hospital or endoscopy unit treating a large-bowel obstruction, often from a colorectal tumor. The stent bridges the stenosis to restore or maintain passage through the bowel. Guidewire passage and dilation before or after stent placement, when performed, are part of this service.
Report 45347 when the documented procedure includes stent placement by flexible sigmoidoscopy, rather than diagnostic inspection alone or dilation without stenting. The operative report should identify the stenosis site and indication, scope used, and stent deployment. CMS assigns a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When related endoscopies are performed together, endoscopy family pricing applies. CMS does not pay an assistant at surgery for this service; co-surgeon and team-surgery billing are not permitted.
CMS billing rules for 45347
- Global period
- Minor procedure with a 0-day global period: same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included.
- Multiple procedures
- Endoscopy family pricing applies when related endoscopies are performed together.
- Bilateral procedures
- Bilateral adjustment does not apply; the descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.
- Assistant at surgery
- Statutory restriction: assistant at surgery is not paid.
- Co-surgeons
- Co-surgeons not permitted.
- Team surgery
- Team surgery not permitted.
Where the value comes from
- Work RVU2.65 · 65%
- Practice expense (office) RVU1.14 · 28%
- Malpractice RVU0.30 · 7%
552
Medicare services in 2024 · #3467 by national volume
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
45347 compared with similar codes
Office rates for Vallejo, from the same CMS release.
$273.08
45330 is a diagnostic flexible sigmoidoscopy. It does not describe placement of a stent across a narrowing.
$653.43
45340 covers balloon dilation of a narrowed segment; 45347 is selected when a stent is placed.
No office rate
Both codes describe endoscopic stent placement, but 45389 uses a colonoscope while 45347 uses a flexible sigmoidoscope.
The same code, a different location
How does Vallejo compare?
45347 across payment areas
Same release and payment basis · bars start at $0
Vallejo · This locality
Unavailable
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Unavailable
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
No comparable rate is available in this setting.
Other payment areas listed in California appear first, followed by selected cross-country examples. The chart compares amounts, not distance.
The code’s RVUs stay the same in these comparisons. Geographic adjustments to work, practice expense and malpractice change the dollar amount. A city name alone may not identify the payment area for a service address.
Compare all 108 other payment areas
Madera
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Merced
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Modesto
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Napa
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$149.36
No comparable office rate is available.
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$142.24
No comparable office rate is available.
Redding
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of California
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.39
No comparable office rate is available.
Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$141.35
No comparable office rate is available.
Salinas
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.76
No comparable office rate is available.
San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$142.14
No comparable office rate is available.
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (Marin Cnty)
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$155.21
No comparable office rate is available.
San Francisco-Oakland-Berkeley (San Francisco/San Mateo/Alameda/Contra Costa Cnty)
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$154.87
No comparable office rate is available.
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (San Benito Cnty)
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$158.53
No comparable office rate is available.
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara (Santa Clara Cnty)
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$157.13
No comparable office rate is available.
San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$138.76
No comparable office rate is available.
Santa Cruz-Watsonville
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$142.01
No comparable office rate is available.
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.76
No comparable office rate is available.
Santa Rosa-Petaluma
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$143.30
No comparable office rate is available.
Stockton
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Visalia
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Yuba City
California · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.12
No comparable office rate is available.
Dc + Md/Va Suburbs
District of Columbia · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$149.30
No comparable office rate is available.
Miami
Florida · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$153.49
No comparable office rate is available.
Chicago
Illinois · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$150.40
No comparable office rate is available.
Manhattan
New York · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$154.31
No comparable office rate is available.
Alaska*
Alaska · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$178.84
No comparable office rate is available.
Alabama
Alabama · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$127.50
No comparable office rate is available.
Arkansas
Arkansas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$126.38
No comparable office rate is available.
Arizona
Arizona · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.99
No comparable office rate is available.
Colorado
Colorado · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.91
No comparable office rate is available.
Connecticut
Connecticut · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$143.42
No comparable office rate is available.
Delaware
Delaware · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.58
No comparable office rate is available.
Fort Lauderdale
Florida · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$145.20
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Florida
Florida · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.97
No comparable office rate is available.
Atlanta
Georgia · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.50
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Georgia
Georgia · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.42
No comparable office rate is available.
Hawaii, Guam
Hawaii · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.61
No comparable office rate is available.
Iowa
Iowa · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$127.33
No comparable office rate is available.
Idaho
Idaho · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.28
No comparable office rate is available.
East St. Louis
Illinois · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$143.72
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Illinois
Illinois · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$138.94
No comparable office rate is available.
Suburban Chicago
Illinois · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$145.99
No comparable office rate is available.
Indiana
Indiana · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.68
No comparable office rate is available.
Kansas
Kansas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$127.98
No comparable office rate is available.
Kentucky
Kentucky · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.53
No comparable office rate is available.
New Orleans
Louisiana · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.73
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Louisiana
Louisiana · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.81
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan Boston
Massachusetts · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$146.52
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Massachusetts
Massachusetts · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$138.01
No comparable office rate is available.
Baltimore/Surr. Cntys
Maryland · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$143.18
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Maryland
Maryland · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.13
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Maine
Maine · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$129.78
No comparable office rate is available.
Southern Maine
Maine · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.57
No comparable office rate is available.
Detroit
Michigan · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$142.15
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Michigan
Michigan · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.59
No comparable office rate is available.
Minnesota
Minnesota · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.66
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan Kansas City
Missouri · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.06
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan St. Louis
Missouri · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.80
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Missouri
Missouri · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.09
No comparable office rate is available.
Mississippi
Mississippi · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.70
No comparable office rate is available.
Montana**
Montana · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.59
No comparable office rate is available.
North Carolina
North Carolina · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.44
No comparable office rate is available.
North Dakota**
North Dakota · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.66
No comparable office rate is available.
Nebraska
Nebraska · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$127.45
No comparable office rate is available.
New Hampshire
New Hampshire · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.92
No comparable office rate is available.
Northern Nj
New Jersey · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$148.96
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of New Jersey
New Jersey · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$144.63
No comparable office rate is available.
New Mexico
New Mexico · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.46
No comparable office rate is available.
Nevada**
Nevada · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.97
No comparable office rate is available.
Nyc Suburbs/Long Island
New York · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$158.06
No comparable office rate is available.
Poughkpsie/N Nyc Suburbs
New York · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$146.31
No comparable office rate is available.
Queens
New York · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$153.63
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of New York
New York · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.73
No comparable office rate is available.
Ohio
Ohio · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.38
No comparable office rate is available.
Oklahoma
Oklahoma · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$130.30
No comparable office rate is available.
Portland
Oregon · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$139.69
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Oregon
Oregon · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.48
No comparable office rate is available.
Metropolitan Philadelphia
Pennsylvania · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$141.70
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.94
No comparable office rate is available.
Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.88
No comparable office rate is available.
Rhode Island
Rhode Island · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$138.47
No comparable office rate is available.
South Carolina
South Carolina · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.21
No comparable office rate is available.
South Dakota**
South Dakota · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$129.96
No comparable office rate is available.
Tennessee
Tennessee · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.51
No comparable office rate is available.
Austin
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.85
No comparable office rate is available.
Beaumont
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$132.47
No comparable office rate is available.
Brazoria
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.77
No comparable office rate is available.
Dallas
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.83
No comparable office rate is available.
Fort Worth
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.58
No comparable office rate is available.
Galveston
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.33
No comparable office rate is available.
Houston
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$140.82
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Texas
Texas · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.70
No comparable office rate is available.
Utah
Utah · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.30
No comparable office rate is available.
Virginia
Virginia · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$133.02
No comparable office rate is available.
Virgin Islands
United States Virgin Islands · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$136.88
No comparable office rate is available.
Vermont
Vermont · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$131.28
No comparable office rate is available.
Rest Of Washington
Washington · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$137.38
No comparable office rate is available.
Seattle (King Cnty)
Washington · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$147.85
No comparable office rate is available.
Wisconsin
Wisconsin · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$128.08
No comparable office rate is available.
West Virginia
West Virginia · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$135.94
No comparable office rate is available.
Wyoming**
Wyoming · 45347
Office
Unavailable
Facility
$134.00
No comparable office rate is available.
See how rates vary across the country
45347 · Office / nonfacility · Non-QP. Choose a state to explore its payment localities. A range means the amount varies within that state.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View all state and territory rates as a table
| State / territory | Rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
Where does this rate apply?
Vallejo is a Medicare payment area. Our Census mapping connects it to 11 cities and communities in California, including the examples shown here.
Some communities span more than one payment area. Follow a city link to compare all of its mapped areas, or check the service-location ZIP above for an address-level starting point.
Use this rate
What is a percentage of Medicare worth?
Turn a percentage into dollars for 45347 in Vallejo. This uses the base rate on this page, so the locality and release stay consistent.
Reference amount per service
$163.76
$148.87 × 110% = $163.76
A contract may specify another Medicare year or additional adjustments. This is percentage arithmetic on the displayed base rate, not a claim adjudication.
Working with a whole code list?
Compare an offer across your annual code mix, including an older Medicare schedule or flat per-code rates.
How this local rate is calculated
Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 45347 in Vallejo.
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
5,510
- Code
- 45347
- Physician work
- 2.65
- Practice expense
- 1.14
- Malpractice
- 0.30
GPCI2026.csv
33
- Locality
- Vallejo
- Physician work
- 1.063
- Practice expense
- 1.318
- Malpractice
- 0.459
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 2.65 | × 1.063 | 2.8169 |
| Practice expense | 1.14 | × 1.318 | 1.5025 |
| Malpractice | 0.30 | × 0.459 | 0.1377 |
| Total RVUs | 4.4572 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Vallejo$148.87
Open 45347 in the RVU calculator →
Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula
Facility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 2.65 | 1.063 |
| Practice expense | 1.14 | 1.318 |
| Malpractice | 0.3 | 0.459 |
(2.65 × 1.063 + 1.14 × 1.318 + 0.3 × 0.459) × $33.4009 = $148.87
The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.
How this rate has changed
45347 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
Explore release dates and calculate this code in an earlier period →
Each row uses the accepted CMS release effective on that date and the same contractor and locality identifiers. Missing rates stay visible. Historical boundaries may differ; verify the service address for an older claim.
Inspect every release and its CMS source
| Effective from | Office / nonfacility | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $148.87 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $148.87 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $148.87 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $148.87 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $162.09 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $162.09 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $162.09 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $162.09 | RVU25A |
45347 billing questions
Is dilation separately reported with stent placement?
Pre- and post-dilation and guidewire passage, when performed as part of the stent procedure, are included in 45347. Do not separately report those components as though they were independent procedures.
How does 45347 differ from 45340?
45347 is for stent placement. Choose 45340 when the endoscopic treatment is balloon dilation of a narrowing and no stent is placed.
Can an assistant-at-surgery or co-surgeon be billed?
CMS does not pay an assistant at surgery for 45347. Co-surgeon and team-surgery billing are not permitted for this service.
What happens when another related endoscopy is performed in the same session?
CMS endoscopy family pricing applies when related endoscopies are performed together. Document each distinct service performed and the findings supporting it.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.
Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.
5,50745341,,Sigmoidoscopy w/ultrasound,A,,2.07,1.04,NA,1.04,,0.23,3.34,3.34,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,45330,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,50845342,,Sigmoidoscopy w/us guide bx,A,,2.91,1.27,NA,1.27,,0.36,4.54,4.54,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,45330,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,50945346,,Sigmoidoscopy w/ablation,A,,2.74,71.54,,1.21,,0.34,74.62,4.29,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,45330,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,51045347,,Sigmoidoscopy w/plcmt stent,A,,2.65,1.14,NA,1.14,,0.30,4.09,4.09,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,45330,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,51145349,,Sigmoidoscopy w/resection,A,,3.43,1.43,NA,1.43,,0.39,5.25,5.25,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,45330,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,51245350,,Sgmdsc w/band ligation,A,,1.64,20.41,,0.90,,0.21,22.26,2.75,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,45330,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
5,51345378,,Diagnostic colonoscopy,A,,3.18,7.73,,1.34,,0.41,11.32,4.93,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,2,0,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3001182,CA,74,SANTA MARIA-SANTA BARBARA,1.028,1.166,0.536
3101112,CA,67,SANTA ROSA-PETALUMA,1.030,1.228,0.536
3201112,CA,68,STOCKTON,1.017,1.096,0.536
3301112,CA,53,VALLEJO,1.063,1.318,0.459
3401112,CA,69,VISALIA,1.017,1.096,0.536
3501112,CA,70,YUBA CITY,1.017,1.096,0.536
3601112,CA,75,REST OF CALIFORNIA,1.017,1.096,0.536