No office rate
Both describe radical resection of a shoulder tumor; 23078 is selected for tumors 5 cm or larger, while 23077 is for tumors under 5 cm.
On this page
CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01
23077 Shoulder tumor surgery Medicare reimbursement rates in Minnesota
Reports radical removal of a shoulder soft-tissue tumor under 5 cm, typically when the surgeon performs an en bloc resection for oncologic treatment. Compare 23077 office and facility rates across CMS payment localities in Minnesota.
Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.
What does Medicare pay for 23077 in Minnesota?
Minnesota has 1 payment locality in this comparison. Use the service location to choose the applicable amount. These are the supported base rates for the payment area shown below, using the same CMS release.
Office / nonfacility
No supported rate
Facility setting
$969.06
1 of 1 localities have a supported rate.
Payment area: Minnesota
One mapped payment locality.
These are locality ranges, not averages or address-specific quotes. A facility-setting amount covers the physician service; it does not include a hospital’s separate bill. Choose a locality below to inspect its calculation, compare other payment areas, or price a percentage of Medicare.
Orthopedic surgery
About 23077: Radical shoulder soft-tissue tumor removal
Reports radical removal of a shoulder soft-tissue tumor under 5 cm, typically when the surgeon performs an en bloc resection for oncologic treatment.
This code describes definitive, en bloc removal of a tumor from the shoulder soft tissues using a radical approach, when the tumor measures less than 5 cm. An orthopedic oncologist or another surgeon treating musculoskeletal tumors typically performs the operation in a surgical setting, often for a suspected or confirmed malignancy such as a soft-tissue sarcoma. The resection includes surrounding tissue as needed for oncologic clearance, making it more extensive than simply removing a superficial mass or excising a deep tumor without a radical approach.
Select the code based on the radical extent of the resection and the tumor size, not size alone. The operative report should identify the shoulder site, tumor dimensions, tissue planes removed, and en bloc technique. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care for 90 days. When multiple procedures occur in one session, the highest-valued is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. An assistant at surgery may be paid; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.
CMS billing rules for 23077
- Global period
- Major surgery with a 90-day global period: the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care are included.
- Multiple procedures
- Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
- Bilateral procedures
- Bilateral procedure with modifier 50 is paid at 150%.
- Assistant at surgery
- Assistant at surgery may be paid.
- Co-surgeons
- Co-surgeons paid only with supporting documentation.
- Team surgery
- Team surgery not permitted.
Where the value comes from
- Work RVU17.22 · 55%
- Practice expense (office) RVU10.33 · 33%
- Malpractice RVU3.93 · 12%
113
Medicare services in 2024 · #4785 by national volume
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
23077 compared with similar codes
Office rates for Minnesota, from the same CMS release.
No office rate
Code 23076 is for deep tumor excision under 5 cm without the radical-resection distinction. Choose 23077 when the documented procedure is a radical, en bloc resection.
$617.16
Code 23066 represents biopsy of deep shoulder tissue for diagnosis. Code 23077 represents definitive radical removal of the tumor.
Compare 23077 by payment locality
Find the payment area for your service address, then open its rate page for calculation inputs, release history and the percentage-of-Medicare tool. A city may cross payment-area boundaries; the ZIP lookup above helps resolve the location.
1 of 1 payment localities
Minnesota →
Office / nonfacility
Unavailable
Facility
$969.06
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How this local rate is calculated
Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 23077 in Minnesota.
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
2,161
- Code
- 23077
- Physician work
- 17.22
- Practice expense
- 10.33
- Malpractice
- 3.93
GPCI2026.csv
66
- Locality
- Minnesota
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.029
- Malpractice
- 0.296
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 17.22 | × 1.000 | 17.2200 |
| Practice expense | 10.33 | × 1.029 | 10.6296 |
| Malpractice | 3.93 | × 0.296 | 1.1633 |
| Total RVUs | 29.0129 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Minnesota$969.06
Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula
Facility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 17.22 | 1 |
| Practice expense | 10.33 | 1.029 |
| Malpractice | 3.93 | 0.296 |
(17.22 × 1 + 10.33 × 1.029 + 3.93 × 0.296) × $33.4009 = $969.06
The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.
23077 billing questions
How is this different from code 23076?
Use 23077 for a radical, en bloc resection of a shoulder soft-tissue tumor under 5 cm. Code 23076 describes deep tumor excision under 5 cm without the radical-resection distinction.
When does code 23078 apply instead?
Code 23078 is the corresponding radical shoulder tumor resection code when the tumor is 5 cm or larger. Document the tumor dimensions and the extent of resection.
Can a diagnostic biopsy be reported as this resection?
No. A procedure limited to obtaining tissue for diagnosis is a biopsy, such as code 23066 for deep shoulder tissue. Code 23077 represents definitive radical tumor removal.
What postoperative care is included?
The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the 90 days after surgery.
Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?
An assistant at surgery may be paid. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted under the CMS rules provided for this code.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.
Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.
2,15823073,,Exc shoulder tum deep 5 cm/>,A,,9.88,7.57,NA,7.57,,2.27,19.72,19.72,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,2,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
2,15923075,,Exc shoulder les sc < 3 cm,A,,4.10,11.59,,4.60,,0.92,16.61,9.62,0,090,0.10,0.80,0.10,2,1,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
2,16023076,,Exc shoulder tum deep < 5 cm,A,,7.22,6.82,NA,6.82,,1.63,15.67,15.67,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
2,16123077,,Rad rescj tum shoulder<5 cm,A,,17.22,10.33,NA,10.33,,3.93,31.48,31.48,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
2,16223078,,Rad rescj tum shoulder 5cm/>,A,,21.99,12.68,NA,12.68,,5.02,39.69,39.69,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
2,16323100,,Arthrotomy glenhumrl jt w/bx,A,,6.05,7.37,NA,7.37,,1.29,14.71,14.71,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
2,16423101,,Arthrt acrmclv/strnclav jt,A,,5.58,6.50,NA,6.50,,1.20,13.28,13.28,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,1,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
6314212,MA,99,REST OF MASSACHUSETTS,1.016,1.053,0.797
6408202,MI,01,DETROIT,1.000,0.965,1.686
6508202,MI,99,REST OF MICHIGAN,1.000,0.913,1.129
6606202,MN,00,MINNESOTA,1.000,1.029,0.296
6707302,MS,00,MISSISSIPPI,1.000,0.861,0.739
6805302,MO,02,METROPOLITAN KANSAS CITY,1.000,0.939,0.977
6905302,MO,01,METROPOLITAN ST. LOUIS,1.000,0.952,1.002