$149.24
Both address a toe interphalangeal joint dislocation requiring anesthesia; choose 28666 when manipulation is documented.
On this page
CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01
28666 Toe reduction Medicare reimbursement rates in New Mexico
Closed reduction of a dislocated toe interphalangeal joint with manipulation under anesthesia, reported when the documented treatment meets both requirements. Compare 28666 office and facility rates across CMS payment localities in New Mexico.
Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.
What does Medicare pay for 28666 in New Mexico?
New Mexico has 1 payment locality in this comparison. Use the service location to choose the applicable amount. These are the supported base rates for the payment area shown below, using the same CMS release.
Office / nonfacility
No supported rate
Facility setting
$159.56
1 of 1 localities have a supported rate.
Payment area: New Mexico
One mapped payment locality.
These are locality ranges, not averages or address-specific quotes. A facility-setting amount covers the physician service; it does not include a hospital’s separate bill. Choose a locality below to inspect its calculation, compare other payment areas, or price a percentage of Medicare.
Foot and toe procedures
About 28666: Toe interphalangeal dislocation reduction with manipulation
Closed reduction of a dislocated toe interphalangeal joint with manipulation under anesthesia, reported when the documented treatment meets both requirements.
This service realigns a dislocated interphalangeal (IP) joint in a toe by manipulating it externally while the patient receives anesthesia. Orthopedic surgeons, podiatrists, and other qualified clinicians may perform the reduction in a facility setting, such as an operating room or emergency department. The treatment is closed; it does not involve surgically exposing the joint.
Select this code when the documentation identifies an IP joint dislocation and supports both manipulation and the need for anesthesia. Record the affected toe and joint, the dislocation, the closed reduction performed, and the anesthesia requirement. Medicare assigns a 10-day minor-procedure global period, which includes related postoperative visits during that period. When multiple procedures occur in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to a 50% reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery; co-surgeons are permitted, while team surgery is not permitted.
CMS billing rules for 28666
- Global period
- Minor procedure with a 10-day global period: related postoperative visits for 10 days are included.
- Multiple procedures
- Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
- Bilateral procedures
- Bilateral adjustment does not apply; the descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.
- Assistant at surgery
- Statutory restriction: assistant at surgery is not paid.
- Co-surgeons
- Co-surgeons permitted.
- Team surgery
- Team surgery not permitted.
Where the value comes from
- Work RVU2.59 · 53%
- Practice expense (office) RVU2.11 · 43%
- Malpractice RVU0.21 · 4%
53
Medicare services in 2024 · #5319 by national volume
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
28666 compared with similar codes
Office rates for New Mexico, from the same CMS release.
$142.75
This code is for treatment without anesthesia. Use 28666 when anesthesia and manipulation are part of the closed reduction.
$368.80
This code addresses a metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation with anesthesia and manipulation. Code 28666 is for an interphalangeal joint.
$560.90
This code is for open treatment of a toe interphalangeal dislocation; 28666 is for closed reduction with manipulation under anesthesia.
Compare 28666 by payment locality
Find the payment area for your service address, then open its rate page for calculation inputs, release history and the percentage-of-Medicare tool. A city may cross payment-area boundaries; the ZIP lookup above helps resolve the location.
1 of 1 payment localities
New Mexico →
Office / nonfacility
Unavailable
Facility
$159.56
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How this local rate is calculated
Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 28666 in New Mexico.
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,243
- Code
- 28666
- Physician work
- 2.59
- Practice expense
- 2.11
- Malpractice
- 0.21
GPCI2026.csv
77
- Locality
- New Mexico
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 0.917
- Malpractice
- 1.201
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 2.59 | × 1.000 | 2.5900 |
| Practice expense | 2.11 | × 0.917 | 1.9349 |
| Malpractice | 0.21 | × 1.201 | 0.2522 |
| Total RVUs | 4.7771 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, New Mexico$159.56
Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula
Facility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 2.59 | 1 |
| Practice expense | 2.11 | 0.917 |
| Malpractice | 0.21 | 1.201 |
(2.59 × 1 + 2.11 × 0.917 + 0.21 × 1.201) × $33.4009 = $159.56
The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.
28666 billing questions
How does 28666 differ from 28665?
Use 28666 when the closed reduction involves manipulation under anesthesia. Code 28665 describes treatment requiring anesthesia without the manipulation specified for 28666.
Can 28666 be used for a dislocation at the base of the toe?
Only when the dislocated joint is an interphalangeal joint. A metatarsophalangeal joint dislocation is a different site and belongs to the applicable MTP code family.
Should modifier 50 be reported for dislocations on both feet?
No. CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply to this code, and modifier 50 is inappropriate.
Are related postoperative visits separately included?
Related postoperative visits during the 10-day global period are included in the procedure's global package.
Can an assistant-at-surgery service be paid with 28666?
No. CMS lists a statutory restriction on assistant-at-surgery payment for this code. Co-surgeons are permitted, but team surgery is not.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.
Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.
3,24028645,,Repair toe dislocation,A,,7.25,11.80,,5.66,,0.90,19.95,13.81,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,0,1,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,24128660,,Treat toe dislocation,A,,1.25,2.97,,1.52,,0.25,4.47,3.02,0,010,0.10,0.80,0.10,2,0,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,24228665,,Treat toe dislocation,A,,1.92,2.53,,1.48,,0.19,4.64,3.59,0,010,0.10,0.80,0.10,2,0,0,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,24328666,,Treat toe dislocation,A,,2.59,2.11,NA,2.11,,0.21,4.91,4.91,0,010,0.10,0.80,0.10,2,0,1,2,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,24428675,,Repair of toe dislocation,A,,5.48,11.42,,5.62,,0.70,17.60,11.80,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,0,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,24528705,,Arthrodesis pantalar,A,,19.82,10.20,NA,10.20,,3.11,33.13,33.13,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,24628715,,Arthrodesis triple,A,,13.08,11.02,NA,11.02,,2.36,26.46,26.46,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
7414312,NH,40,NEW HAMPSHIRE,1.000,1.041,0.875
7512402,NJ,01,NORTHERN NJ,1.063,1.160,1.068
7612402,NJ,99,REST OF NEW JERSEY,1.040,1.092,1.097
7704212,NM,05,NEW MEXICO,1.000,0.917,1.201
7813202,NY,01,MANHATTAN,1.064,1.162,1.586
7913202,NY,02,NYC SUBURBS/LONG ISLAND,1.064,1.189,1.857
8013202,NY,03,POUGHKPSIE/N NYC SUBURBS,1.045,1.095,1.210