No office rate
Use 28106 for a benign bone lesion in a metatarsal. Use 28108 when the involved bone is a toe phalanx.
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CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01
28108 Toe bone lesion Medicare reimbursement rates in Rhode Island
Reports operative removal or curettage of a benign bone lesion in a toe phalanx, rather than a lesion in the metatarsal or tarsal bones. Compare 28108 office and facility rates across CMS payment localities in Rhode Island.
Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.
What does Medicare pay for 28108 in Rhode Island?
Rhode Island has 1 payment locality in this comparison. Use the service location to choose the applicable amount. These are the supported base rates for the payment area shown below, using the same CMS release.
Office / nonfacility
$441.50
1 of 1 localities have a supported rate.
Payment area: Rhode Island
One mapped payment locality.
Facility setting
$279.33
1 of 1 localities have a supported rate.
Payment area: Rhode Island
One mapped payment locality.
These are locality ranges, not averages or address-specific quotes. A facility-setting amount covers the physician service; it does not include a hospital’s separate bill. Choose a locality below to inspect its calculation, compare other payment areas, or price a percentage of Medicare.
Orthopedic surgery
About 28108: Benign bone lesion excision, toe phalanx
Reports operative removal or curettage of a benign bone lesion in a toe phalanx, rather than a lesion in the metatarsal or tarsal bones.
This service covers operative removal or curettage of a benign bone cyst or tumor in a toe phalanx. An orthopedic surgeon or podiatrist may perform it when a lesion in the toe bone requires surgical treatment. The surgeon identifies the involved phalanx, exposes the lesion, and removes or curettes the affected bone tissue. The code is specific to a lesion in a toe bone; a soft-tissue mass on the toe is a different service.
Select the code by the involved bone and the procedure documented, distinguishing a toe phalanx from a metatarsal or tarsal bone. The operative report should identify the toe and phalanx, describe the lesion and the removal or curettage performed, and support that the target was bone. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. For multiple procedures in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. Assistant-at-surgery payment is statutorily restricted; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.
CMS billing rules for 28108
- Global period
- Major surgery with a 90-day global period: the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care are included.
- Multiple procedures
- Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
- Bilateral procedures
- Bilateral adjustment does not apply; the descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.
- Assistant at surgery
- Statutory restriction: assistant at surgery is not paid.
- Co-surgeons
- Co-surgeons not permitted.
- Team surgery
- Team surgery not permitted.
Where the value comes from
- Work RVU4.19 · 32%
- Practice expense (office) RVU8.30 · 64%
- Malpractice RVU0.42 · 3%
994
Medicare services in 2024 · #2975 by national volume
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
28108 compared with similar codes
Office rates for Rhode Island, from the same CMS release.
$553.19
28104 applies to specified tarsal bones, not toe phalanges. Identify the bone containing the lesion before choosing between them.
$485.45
28124 describes partial excision of toe bone. Choose 28108 when the documented service is removal or curettage of a benign lesion in a phalanx.
$396.44
28126 describes partial excision of a toe, while 28108 addresses a benign bone lesion in a toe phalanx.
Compare 28108 by payment locality
Find the payment area for your service address, then open its rate page for calculation inputs, release history and the percentage-of-Medicare tool. A city may cross payment-area boundaries; the ZIP lookup above helps resolve the location.
1 of 1 payment localities
Rhode Island →
Office / nonfacility
$441.50
Facility
$279.33
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How this local rate is calculated
Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 28108 in Rhode Island.
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,123
- Code
- 28108
- Physician work
- 4.19
- Practice expense
- 8.30
- Malpractice
- 0.42
GPCI2026.csv
92
- Locality
- Rhode Island
- Physician work
- 1.019
- Practice expense
- 1.033
- Malpractice
- 0.892
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 4.19 | × 1.019 | 4.2696 |
| Practice expense | 8.30 | × 1.033 | 8.5739 |
| Malpractice | 0.42 | × 0.892 | 0.3746 |
| Total RVUs | 13.2181 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Office / nonfacility rate, Rhode Island$441.50
Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula
Office / nonfacility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 4.19 | 1.019 |
| Practice expense | 8.3 | 1.033 |
| Malpractice | 0.42 | 0.892 |
(4.19 × 1.019 + 8.3 × 1.033 + 0.42 × 0.892) × $33.4009 = $441.50
Facility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 4.19 | 1.019 |
| Practice expense | 3.6 | 1.033 |
| Malpractice | 0.42 | 0.892 |
(4.19 × 1.019 + 3.6 × 1.033 + 0.42 × 0.892) × $33.4009 = $279.33
The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.
28108 billing questions
How does this differ from removal of a metatarsal lesion?
This code is for a lesion in a toe phalanx. A lesion in a metatarsal is reported with the applicable metatarsal lesion code, such as 28106 or 28107.
Can this code be used for a soft-tissue mass on a toe?
No. The operative service described here targets a bone lesion in a toe phalanx, not a skin or soft-tissue mass.
Is the related preoperative visit or postoperative care separately included?
The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.
Should modifier 50 be appended when lesions are treated on both feet?
No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code. The descriptor or anatomy does not support modifier 50.
How are other procedures in the same session paid?
CMS pays the highest-valued procedure in full and applies the standard multiple procedure reduction to the other procedures. Assistant-at-surgery payment is statutorily restricted, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.
What operative documentation supports reporting this code?
Document the involved toe and phalanx, the bone lesion treated, and the removal or curettage performed. The record should make clear that the target was in bone rather than soft tissue.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.
Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.
3,12028104,,Removal of foot lesion,A,,5.13,10.42,,4.39,,0.64,16.19,10.16,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,0,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,12128106,,Remove/graft foot lesion,A,,7.17,4.11,NA,4.11,,0.60,11.88,11.88,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,0,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,12228107,,Remove/graft foot lesion,A,,5.59,8.84,,3.67,,0.47,14.90,9.73,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,0,2,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,12328108,,Removal of toe lesions,A,,4.19,8.30,,3.60,,0.42,12.91,8.21,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,0,1,0,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,12428110,,Part removal of metatarsal,A,,4.11,9.42,,3.88,,0.46,13.99,8.45,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,1,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,12528111,,Part removal of metatarsal,A,,5.02,8.59,,3.48,,0.55,14.16,9.05,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,1,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,12628112,,Part removal of metatarsal,A,,4.51,9.43,,3.89,,0.49,14.43,8.89,0,090,0.10,0.69,0.21,2,1,1,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
8912502,PA,01,METROPOLITAN PHILADELPHIA,1.018,1.041,1.193
9012502,PA,99,REST OF PENNSYLVANIA,1.000,0.918,0.945
9109202,PR,20,PUERTO RICO,1.000,1.011,0.985
9214412,RI,01,RHODE ISLAND,1.019,1.033,0.892
9311202,SC,01,SOUTH CAROLINA,1.000,0.924,0.850
9403402,SD,02,SOUTH DAKOTA**,1.000,1.000,0.336
9510312,TN,35,TENNESSEE,1.000,0.909,0.537