No office rate
31584 repairs a laryngeal fracture through reduction and fixation. 31551 is for laryngoplasty addressing laryngeal stenosis.
On this page
CMS RVU26D · Effective 2026-10-01
31584 Laryngeal repair Medicare reimbursement rates in Rhode Island
Reports operative reduction and fixation of a laryngeal fracture, typically performed by an otolaryngologist to restore the laryngeal framework after trauma. Compare 31584 office and facility rates across CMS payment localities in Rhode Island.
Amounts below use the non-QP conversion factor for participating physicians. These are base physician payments before claim-level adjustments, not patient costs or total hospital charges.
What does Medicare pay for 31584 in Rhode Island?
Rhode Island has 1 payment locality in this comparison. Use the service location to choose the applicable amount. These are the supported base rates for the payment area shown below, using the same CMS release.
Office / nonfacility
No supported rate
Facility setting
$1288.57
1 of 1 localities have a supported rate.
Payment area: Rhode Island
One mapped payment locality.
These are locality ranges, not averages or address-specific quotes. A facility-setting amount covers the physician service; it does not include a hospital’s separate bill. Choose a locality below to inspect its calculation, compare other payment areas, or price a percentage of Medicare.
Laryngoplasty
About 31584: Laryngeal fracture reduction and fixation
Reports operative reduction and fixation of a laryngeal fracture, typically performed by an otolaryngologist to restore the laryngeal framework after trauma.
This operation repairs a fractured laryngeal framework by repositioning the disrupted structures and fixing them in place. It is typically performed by an otolaryngologist or head-and-neck surgeon in an operating room, often after blunt neck trauma that has injured the larynx. The clinical record may describe airway symptoms, voice changes, examination or imaging findings, and the fracture pattern addressed during surgery.
Report 31584 when the surgeon performs reduction and fixation of a laryngeal fracture; documentation should identify the fracture and describe the operative repair. The code has a 90-day global period, which includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this service. Assistant-at-surgery and co-surgeon payment require supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.
CMS billing rules for 31584
- Global period
- Major surgery with a 90-day global period: the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care are included.
- Multiple procedures
- Standard multiple procedure reduction: the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50% when performed in the same session.
- Bilateral procedures
- Bilateral adjustment does not apply; the descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.
- Assistant at surgery
- Assistant at surgery is paid only with documentation of medical necessity.
- Co-surgeons
- Co-surgeons paid only with supporting documentation.
- Team surgery
- Team surgery not permitted.
Where the value comes from
- Work RVU17.14 · 45%
- Practice expense (office) RVU18.28 · 48%
- Malpractice RVU2.50 · 7%
11
Medicare services in 2024 · #6163 by national volume
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
31584 compared with similar codes
Office rates for Rhode Island, from the same CMS release.
No office rate
31580 addresses a laryngeal web. Choose 31584 when the operative target is a fractured laryngeal framework requiring reduction and fixation.
No office rate
31591 is laryngoplasty for medialization, not traumatic fracture repair. The documented operative objective distinguishes it from 31584.
Compare 31584 by payment locality
Find the payment area for your service address, then open its rate page for calculation inputs, release history and the percentage-of-Medicare tool. A city may cross payment-area boundaries; the ZIP lookup above helps resolve the location.
1 of 1 payment localities
Rhode Island →
Office / nonfacility
Unavailable
Facility
$1288.57
Need rates for a whole code list?
Fee-sheet and API access are in early access. Tell us which codes and locations your team needs.
How this local rate is calculated
Each RVU component is multiplied by its own geographic practice cost index (GPCI). The three adjusted components are added, then multiplied by the conversion factor. These are the inputs used for 31584 in Rhode Island.
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,614
- Code
- 31584
- Physician work
- 17.14
- Practice expense
- 18.28
- Malpractice
- 2.50
GPCI2026.csv
92
- Locality
- Rhode Island
- Physician work
- 1.019
- Practice expense
- 1.033
- Malpractice
- 0.892
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 17.14 | × 1.019 | 17.4657 |
| Practice expense | 18.28 | × 1.033 | 18.8832 |
| Malpractice | 2.50 | × 0.892 | 2.2300 |
| Total RVUs | 38.5789 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Rhode Island$1288.57
Explore RVUs, geographic factors and the full formula
Facility
| Component | RVU | Local GPCI |
|---|---|---|
| Work | 17.14 | 1.019 |
| Practice expense | 18.28 | 1.033 |
| Malpractice | 2.5 | 0.892 |
(17.14 × 1.019 + 18.28 × 1.033 + 2.5 × 0.892) × $33.4009 = $1288.57
The office and facility calculations use their respective practice-expense RVUs. The facility amount here is the physician fee, not a separate hospital or facility bill.
31584 billing questions
How is fracture repair distinguished from laryngoplasty for stenosis?
Use 31584 for reduction and fixation of a laryngeal fracture. Codes 31551–31554 address laryngeal stenosis repair rather than traumatic fracture fixation.
Does the code include related postoperative visits?
Yes. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.
Should modifier 50 be reported for bilateral laryngeal injury?
No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code.
When can an assistant or co-surgeon be paid?
Assistant-at-surgery payment requires documentation of medical necessity. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.
How are additional procedures in the same session paid?
The highest-valued procedure is paid in full, and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple procedure reduction.
What should the operative note establish?
Document the laryngeal fracture and the reduction and fixation performed. The note should make clear that the service repaired a fracture, not stenosis, a web, or vocal-fold position.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense, and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indices and the applicable conversion factor. Unavailable or separately priced services are labeled rather than assigned a made-up amount.
Source: RVU26D. Effective 2026-10-01 through the day before 2027-01-01.
3,61131578,,Largsc w/removal lesion,A,,2.37,6.38,,1.14,,0.36,9.11,3.87,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,0,0,0,9,31575,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,61231579,,Laryngoscopy telescopic,A,,1.83,3.77,,1.04,,0.24,5.84,3.11,0,000,0.00,0.00,0.00,3,0,1,0,0,9,31575,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,61331580,,Laryngoplasty laryngeal web,A,,14.24,18.58,NA,18.58,,2.08,34.90,34.90,0,090,0.10,0.76,0.14,2,0,0,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,61431584,,Laryngoplasty fx rdctj fixj,A,,17.14,18.28,NA,18.28,,2.50,37.92,37.92,0,090,0.10,0.76,0.14,2,0,0,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,61531587,,Laryngoplasty cricoid split,A,,14.89,15.59,NA,15.59,,2.17,32.65,32.65,0,090,0.10,0.76,0.14,2,0,0,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,61631590,,Reinnervate larynx,A,,7.65,17.64,NA,17.64,,1.12,26.41,26.41,0,090,0.10,0.76,0.14,2,0,2,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
3,61731591,,Laryngoplasty medialization,A,,13.22,14.78,NA,14.78,,1.93,29.93,29.93,0,090,0.10,0.76,0.14,2,1,0,1,0,9,,33.4009,09,0,99,0.00,0.00,0.00
8912502,PA,01,METROPOLITAN PHILADELPHIA,1.018,1.041,1.193
9012502,PA,99,REST OF PENNSYLVANIA,1.000,0.918,0.945
9109202,PR,20,PUERTO RICO,1.000,1.011,0.985
9214412,RI,01,RHODE ISLAND,1.019,1.033,0.892
9311202,SC,01,SOUTH CAROLINA,1.000,0.924,0.850
9403402,SD,02,SOUTH DAKOTA**,1.000,1.000,0.336
9510312,TN,35,TENNESSEE,1.000,0.909,0.537