CPT code 23077: Shoulder tumor surgery, radical, under 5 cm2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Massachusetts
Reports radical removal of a shoulder soft-tissue tumor under 5 cm, typically when the surgeon performs an en bloc resection for oncologic treatment.
CMS doesn’t publish an office rate for 23077 in Massachusetts.
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
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What 23077 covers
This code describes definitive, en bloc removal of a tumor from the shoulder soft tissues using a radical approach, when the tumor measures less than 5 cm. An orthopedic oncologist or another surgeon treating musculoskeletal tumors typically performs the operation in a surgical setting, often for a suspected or confirmed malignancy such as a soft-tissue sarcoma. The resection includes surrounding tissue as needed for oncologic clearance, making it more extensive than simply removing a superficial mass or excising a deep tumor without a radical approach.
Select the code based on the radical extent of the resection and the tumor size, not size alone. The operative report should identify the shoulder site, tumor dimensions, tissue planes removed, and en bloc technique. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care for 90 days. When multiple procedures occur in one session, the highest-valued is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. An assistant at surgery may be paid; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
Where 23077 pays more and less in Massachusetts
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| Metropolitan Boston, MA | Unavailable | $1,127.54 |
| Rest of Massachusetts | Unavailable | $1,052.30 |
How the 23077 rate is calculated
Each of 23077’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 23077
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work17.22
17.22 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense10.33
10.33 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice3.93
3.93 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
31.4800
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$1,051.46
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
Payment rules and modifiers for 23077
23077 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.
CMS payment indicators · 23077
Shoulder tumor surgery, radical, under 5 cm
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 090 | Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included. |
| Multiple procedures | 2 | Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 1 | Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 2 | Paid. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 1 | Permitted with supporting documentation. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
| Split (54/55/56) | 0.10/0.69/0.21 | Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care. |
Global surgery period · 23077
Shoulder tumor surgery, radical, under 5 cm
90-day global period ends
Dec 30, 2026
Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).
Visit on Oct 31, 2026
Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.
Pre-op dayGlobal period
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 50 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
23077 without 50 · national facility
$1,051.46
Shoulder tumor surgery, radical, under 5 cm
23077-50 · Bilateral: 150%
$1,577.19
Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).
23077 compared with similar codes
Compare codes · National
4 codes, side by side
How to choose
- 23078Shoulder tumor resectionRadical resection, 5 cm or larger
- Both describe radical resection of a shoulder tumor; 23078 is selected for tumors 5 cm or larger, while 23077 is for tumors under 5 cm.
- 23076Shoulder tumor excisionDeep, under 5 cm
- Code 23076 is for deep tumor excision under 5 cm without the radical-resection distinction. Choose 23077 when the documented procedure is a radical, en bloc resection.
- 23066Shoulder biopsyDeep tissue
- Code 23066 represents biopsy of deep shoulder tissue for diagnosis. Code 23077 represents definitive radical removal of the tumor.
23077 billing questions
How is this different from code 23076?
Use 23077 for a radical, en bloc resection of a shoulder soft-tissue tumor under 5 cm. Code 23076 describes deep tumor excision under 5 cm without the radical-resection distinction.
When does code 23078 apply instead?
Code 23078 is the corresponding radical shoulder tumor resection code when the tumor is 5 cm or larger. Document the tumor dimensions and the extent of resection.
Can a diagnostic biopsy be reported as this resection?
No. A procedure limited to obtaining tissue for diagnosis is a biopsy, such as code 23066 for deep shoulder tissue. Code 23077 represents definitive radical tumor removal.
What postoperative care is included?
The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the 90 days after surgery.
Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?
An assistant at surgery may be paid. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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