CPT code 31576: Laryngeal biopsy, flexible endoscopic approach2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Redding, CA
An otolaryngologist uses a flexible scope to inspect the larynx and obtain tissue from a suspicious area for diagnostic evaluation.
In Redding, CA, Medicare pays $284.61 for 31576 in the office and $104.13 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 31576 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 31576 covers
This service involves passing a flexible endoscope to examine the larynx and taking one or more tissue samples from an abnormal area. Otolaryngologists commonly perform it in an office or facility when a vocal fold or other laryngeal finding needs tissue diagnosis. The scope provides visualization and access for the biopsy; the purpose is sampling, not removing a lesion as treatment.
Report the service when the flexible examination includes an actual tissue biopsy, and document the sampled site, endoscopic findings, and biopsy performed. Same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included in the 0-day global period. When related endoscopies are performed together, endoscopy family pricing applies. A bilateral adjustment is not appropriate. Medicare does not pay for an assistant at surgery, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted for this service.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How Redding, CA compares for 31576
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 31576 runs from $236.36 in Arkansas to $358.97 in San Benito County, CA. Redding, CA pays $284.61. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- Redding, CA · this page$284.61
- Bakersfield, CA · California$285.36+$0.75
- Chico, CA · California$284.61
- El Centro, CA · California$284.65+$0.04
- Fresno, CA · California$284.61
- Hanford, CA · California$284.61
- Los Angeles, CA · California$304.45+$19.84
Other areas in California first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| Madera, CACalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | $331.23 | $114.20 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | $303.10 | $108.46 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | $287.42 | $106.95 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | $299.07 | $107.56 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | $297.96 | $107.12 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | $305.30 | $108.36 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | $351.03 | $118.85 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | $350.73 | $118.55 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | $358.97 | $121.52 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | $357.76 | $120.31 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | $293.14 | $105.58 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | $308.46 | $108.39 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | $299.17 | $107.17 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | $311.59 | $109.38 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | $330.81 | $113.78 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | $284.61 | $104.13 |
| Washington, DC areaDistrict of Columbia | $308.16 | $114.18 |
| Miami, FLFlorida | $289.96 | $118.54 |
| Chicago, ILIllinois | $281.21 | $115.72 |
| Manhattan, NYNew York | $309.71 | $118.36 |
| AlaskaAlaska | $308.27 | $132.90 |
| AlabamaAlabama | $239.97 | $95.89 |
| ArkansasArkansas | $236.36 | $94.91 |
| ArizonaArizona | $261.14 | $101.58 |
| ColoradoColorado | $280.08 | $104.87 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | $286.87 | $109.53 |
| DelawareDelaware | $265.59 | $102.90 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | $278.14 | $111.33 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | $264.18 | $106.76 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | $273.65 | $106.35 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | $248.78 | $101.90 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | $292.07 | $104.84 |
| IowaIowa | $246.44 | $95.77 |
| IdahoIdaho | $248.09 | $96.60 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | $261.48 | $109.98 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | $256.17 | $105.83 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | $281.03 | $111.92 |
| IndianaIndiana | $249.60 | $96.95 |
| KansasKansas | $245.19 | $96.33 |
| KentuckyKentucky | $245.78 | $99.39 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | $258.02 | $103.07 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | $245.36 | $99.63 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | $308.60 | $111.99 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | $278.28 | $104.89 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | $286.07 | $109.38 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | $270.83 | $104.18 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | $249.39 | $97.90 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | $263.55 | $100.37 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | $267.56 | $108.65 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | $252.40 | $102.06 |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | $268.18 | $98.74 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | $256.24 | $101.62 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | $259.04 | $102.27 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | $240.94 | $99.00 |
| MississippiMississippi | $238.70 | $96.92 |
| MontanaMontana | $268.53 | $103.86 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | $252.12 | $98.48 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | $263.38 | $98.72 |
| NebraskaNebraska | $247.86 | $95.88 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | $275.59 | $104.17 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | $304.75 | $113.74 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | $290.10 | $110.28 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | $253.82 | $102.82 |
| NevadaNevada | $267.29 | $102.46 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | $317.42 | $121.63 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | $291.98 | $111.67 |
| Queens, NYNew York | $312.42 | $117.79 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | $256.04 | $99.61 |
| OhioOhio | $251.35 | $101.01 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | $245.38 | $98.33 |
| Portland, OROregon | $289.33 | $106.38 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | $265.17 | $101.16 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | $279.46 | $108.04 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | $251.80 | $100.63 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | $270.60 | $104.12 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | $275.32 | $105.22 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | $252.16 | $100.01 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | $262.78 | $98.11 |
| TennesseeTennessee | $246.47 | $96.79 |
| Austin, TXTexas | $279.18 | $104.97 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | $250.07 | $100.22 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | $265.34 | $102.15 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | $267.07 | $103.06 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | $265.20 | $102.84 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | $266.15 | $102.64 |
| Houston, TXTexas | $270.91 | $107.40 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | $257.58 | $101.31 |
| UtahUtah | $255.75 | $100.97 |
| VirginiaVirginia | $262.62 | $100.75 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | $270.60 | $104.12 |
| VermontVermont | $262.27 | $99.25 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | $277.78 | $104.39 |
| King County, WAWashington | $315.06 | $113.02 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | $254.20 | $96.45 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | $246.30 | $103.20 |
| WyomingWyoming | $266.29 | $101.62 |
31576 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
$236.36
$321.79
Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | $308.27 | 1 |
| AL | $239.97 | 1 |
| AR | $236.36 | 1 |
| AZ | $261.14 | 1 |
| CA | $284.61–$358.97 | 29 |
| CO | $280.08 | 1 |
| CT | $286.87 | 1 |
| DC | $308.16 | 1 |
| DE | $265.59 | 1 |
| FL | $264.18–$289.96 | 3 |
| GA | $248.78–$273.65 | 2 |
| GU | $292.07 | 1 |
| HI | $292.07 | 1 |
| IA | $246.44 | 1 |
| ID | $248.09 | 1 |
| IL | $256.17–$281.21 | 4 |
| IN | $249.60 | 1 |
| KS | $245.19 | 1 |
| KY | $245.78 | 1 |
| LA | $245.36–$258.02 | 2 |
| MA | $278.28–$308.60 | 2 |
| MD | $270.83–$308.16 | 3 |
| ME | $249.39–$263.55 | 2 |
| MI | $252.40–$267.56 | 2 |
| MN | $268.18 | 1 |
| MO | $240.94–$259.04 | 3 |
| MS | $238.70 | 1 |
| MT | $268.53 | 1 |
| NC | $252.12 | 1 |
| ND | $263.38 | 1 |
| NE | $247.86 | 1 |
| NH | $275.59 | 1 |
| NJ | $290.10–$304.75 | 2 |
| NM | $253.82 | 1 |
| NV | $267.29 | 1 |
| NY | $256.04–$317.42 | 5 |
| OH | $251.35 | 1 |
| OK | $245.38 | 1 |
| OR | $265.17–$289.33 | 2 |
| PA | $251.80–$279.46 | 2 |
| PR | $270.60 | 1 |
| RI | $275.32 | 1 |
| SC | $252.16 | 1 |
| SD | $262.78 | 1 |
| TN | $246.47 | 1 |
| TX | $250.07–$279.18 | 8 |
| UT | $255.75 | 1 |
| VA | $262.62–$308.16 | 2 |
| VI | $270.60 | 1 |
| VT | $262.27 | 1 |
| WA | $277.78–$315.06 | 2 |
| WI | $254.20 | 1 |
| WV | $246.30 | 1 |
| WY | $266.29 | 1 |
How the 31576 rate is calculated
Each of 31576’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 31576
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work1.84
1.84 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense5.94
5.94 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice0.26
0.26 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
8.0400
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$268.54
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact Redding, CA inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,609
- Code
- 31576
- Physician work
- 1.84
- Practice expense
- 5.94
- Malpractice
- 0.26
GPCI2026.csv
19
- Locality
- Redding, CA
- Physician work
- 1.017
- Practice expense
- 1.096
- Malpractice
- 0.536
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 1.84 | × 1.017 | 1.8713 |
| Practice expense | 5.94 | × 1.096 | 6.5102 |
| Malpractice | 0.26 | × 0.536 | 0.1394 |
| Total RVUs | 8.5209 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Office rate, Redding, CA$284.61
Office: (1.84 × 1.017 + 5.94 × 1.096 + 0.26 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $284.61
Facility: (1.84 × 1.017 + 1.01 × 1.096 + 0.26 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $104.13
Payment rules and modifiers for 31576
The CMS indicators that decide how 31576 is paid alongside other services.
CMS payment indicators · 31576
Laryngeal biopsy, flexible endoscopic approach
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 000 | Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included. |
| Multiple procedures | 3 | Endoscopy family rules apply. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 0 | The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 1 | Not paid (statutory restriction). |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 51 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
31576 without 51 · national office
$268.54
Laryngeal biopsy, flexible endoscopic approach
31576-51 · Second procedure: 50%
$134.27
When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).
How 31576 has changed in Redding, CA
31576 · Office / nonfacility
$284.61
Effective 2026-10-01
The base rate is $11.08 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $273.53 to $284.61 (4.1%).
It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
January 1, 2026
RVU26A
$273.53changed to$284.61
- Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
- Work RVU 1.89 changed to 1.84
- Practice expense RVU 5.84 changed to 5.94
- Malpractice RVU 0.28 changed to 0.26
- Work GPCI 1.014 changed to 1.017
- Practice expense GPCI 1.093 changed to 1.096
- Malpractice GPCI 0.560 changed to 0.536
Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.
January 1, 2025
RVU25A
$286.40changed to$273.53
- Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
- Practice expense RVU 5.98 changed to 5.84
- Malpractice RVU 0.27 changed to 0.28
Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.
March 9, 2024
RVU24AR
$281.72changed to$286.40
- Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875
Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.
January 1, 2024
RVU24A
$288.78changed to$281.72
- Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
- Practice expense RVU 5.97 changed to 5.98
- Malpractice RVU 0.26 changed to 0.27
- Work GPCI 1.021 changed to 1.014
- Practice expense GPCI 1.079 changed to 1.093
- Malpractice GPCI 0.579 changed to 0.560
January 1, 2023
RVU23A
$289.78changed to$288.78
- Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
- Practice expense RVU 5.90 changed to 5.97
- Malpractice RVU 0.25 changed to 0.26
- Work GPCI 1.027 changed to 1.021
- Practice expense GPCI 1.065 changed to 1.079
- Malpractice GPCI 0.597 changed to 0.579
Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.
January 1, 2022
RVU22A
$289.96changed to$289.78
- Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
- Practice expense RVU 5.84 changed to 5.90
Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.
January 1, 2021
RVU21A
$286.90changed to$289.96
- Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
- Practice expense RVU 5.48 changed to 5.84
- Malpractice RVU 0.26 changed to 0.25
- Work GPCI 1.024 changed to 1.027
- Practice expense GPCI 1.070 changed to 1.065
- Malpractice GPCI 0.580 changed to 0.597
Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.
January 1, 2020
RVU20A
$283.37changed to$286.90
- Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
- Practice expense RVU 5.39 changed to 5.48
- Work GPCI 1.020 changed to 1.024
- Practice expense GPCI 1.074 changed to 1.070
- Malpractice GPCI 0.562 changed to 0.580
Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.
January 1, 2019
RVU19A
$281.12changed to$283.37
- Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
- Practice expense RVU 5.34 changed to 5.39
Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.
January 1, 2018
RVU18AR1
$283.48changed to$281.12
- Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
- Practice expense RVU 5.38 changed to 5.34
- Work GPCI 1.024 changed to 1.020
- Practice expense GPCI 1.079 changed to 1.074
- Malpractice GPCI 0.610 changed to 0.562
Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.
January 1, 2017
RVU17A
No ratechanged to$283.48
Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.
January 1, 2013
RVU13AR
Earliest loaded release: No rate
Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D, RVU16A, RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | $284.61 | $104.13 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | $284.61 | $104.13 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | $284.61 | $104.13 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | $284.61 | $104.13 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | $273.53 | $117.97 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | $273.53 | $117.97 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | $273.53 | $117.97 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | $273.53 | $117.97 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | $286.40 | $120.49 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | $286.40 | $120.49 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | $286.40 | $120.49 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | $286.40 | $120.49 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | $281.72 | $118.52 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | $288.78 | $121.32 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | $288.78 | $121.32 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | $288.78 | $121.32 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | $288.78 | $121.32 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | $289.78 | $121.35 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | $289.78 | $121.35 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | $289.78 | $121.35 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | $289.78 | $121.35 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | $289.96 | $120.50 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | $289.96 | $120.50 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | $289.96 | $120.50 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | $289.96 | $120.50 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | $286.90 | $122.79 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | $286.90 | $122.79 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | $286.90 | $122.79 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | $286.90 | $122.79 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | $283.37 | $122.74 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | $283.37 | $122.74 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | $283.37 | $122.74 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | $283.37 | $122.74 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | $281.12 | $122.22 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | $281.12 | $122.22 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | $281.12 | $122.22 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | $281.12 | $122.22 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | $283.48 | $124.72 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | $283.48 | $124.72 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | $283.48 | $124.72 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | $283.48 | $124.72 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Rate data unavailable | Rate data unavailable | RVU13AR |
Where the Redding, CA rate applies
Redding, CA is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 32 cities and communities in California. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Redding
- Anderson
- Bella Vista
- Big Bend
- Burney
- Cassel
- Castella
- Centerville
31576 billing questions
How does this differ from diagnostic flexible laryngoscopy?
This code includes tissue sampling during the flexible examination. Use diagnostic flexible laryngoscopy when the examination is performed without a biopsy.
When would a laryngoscopy code for lesion removal be more appropriate?
Use the removal service when the lesion is excised or otherwise removed as treatment. This code represents biopsy sampling for diagnosis, not therapeutic lesion removal.
What documentation supports reporting this service?
Document the laryngeal site examined, the abnormal finding, and that tissue was obtained with the flexible scope. The record should distinguish biopsy sampling from inspection alone or lesion removal.
Can modifier 50 be used for biopsies on both sides?
No. The CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply to this service, and modifier 50 is inappropriate.
How does payment work when related endoscopies are performed together?
CMS endoscopy family pricing applies when related endoscopies are performed together. The code also has a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included.
Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?
Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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