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CPT code 45320: Proctosigmoidoscopy, lesion ablation2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Metropolitan Boston, MA

Rigid proctosigmoidoscopy with lesion ablation is reported when a rectal or distal sigmoid lesion requires destruction rather than conventional forceps or snare removal.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality11 Medicare services in 2024

In Metropolitan Boston, MA, Medicare pays $280.77 for 45320 in the office and $106.10 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$280.77Office (non-facility)
$106.10Hospital or facility
+14.2%vs the national office rate ($245.83)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 45320 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 45320 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Metropolitan Boston, MA
  2. What 45320 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 45320 covers

During rigid proctosigmoidoscopy, the clinician examines the rectum and distal sigmoid through a rigid scope and destroys a tumor, polyp, or other lesion that is not suitable for removal with hot biopsy forceps, bipolar cautery, or a snare. This is a therapeutic procedure rather than inspection or tissue sampling alone. Gastroenterologists and colorectal surgeons may perform it in an endoscopy unit or operating room, depending on access and the patient's needs.

Report 45320 for the ablation service when the documented lesion and treatment fit this rigid-scope procedure; use a removal code when the lesion is excised instead. The procedure note should identify the lesion, its site, and the ablative treatment. CMS assigns a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When related endoscopies are performed together, endoscopy family pricing applies. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. Assistant-at-surgery payment is barred, and co-surgery and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Metropolitan Boston, MA compares for 45320

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 45320 runs from $213.95 in Arkansas to $323.29 in San Benito County, CA. Metropolitan Boston, MA pays $280.77. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

45320 in Metropolitan Boston, MA vs other payment areas
  1. Metropolitan Boston, MA · this page$280.77
  2. Rest of Massachusetts · Massachusetts$253.16−$27.61
  3. Los Angeles, CA · California$275.59−$5.18
  4. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$281.86+$1.09
  5. Miami, FL · Florida$275.04−$5.73
  6. Chicago, IL · Illinois$265.70−$15.07
  7. Manhattan, NY · New York$286.38+$5.61

Other areas in Massachusetts first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

45320 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlaskaAlaska$278.26$122.45
AlabamaAlabama$217.51$89.50
ArkansasArkansas$213.95$88.28
ArizonaArizona$238.29$96.52
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$258.22$97.88
Chico, CACalifornia$257.06$96.72
El Centro, CACalifornia$257.13$96.79
Fresno, CACalifornia$257.06$96.72

45320 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$213.95

$290.18

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
45320 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$278.261
AL$217.511
AR$213.951
AZ$238.291
CA$257.06–$323.2929
CO$254.651
CT$263.551
DC$281.861
DE$242.531
FL$245.28–$275.043
GA$229.51–$251.712
GU$263.991
HI$263.991
IA$222.151
ID$224.131
IL$238.54–$265.704
IN$225.551
KS$221.741
KY$225.001
LA$224.91–$237.362
MA$253.16–$280.772
MD$247.32–$281.863
ME$226.27–$238.942
MI$232.31–$249.502
MN$240.841
MO$221.07–$237.383
MS$217.521
MT$245.801
NC$228.811
ND$237.301
NE$223.291
NH$251.281
NJ$265.67–$278.532
NM$234.051
NV$243.611
NY$232.73–$295.045
OH$230.571
OK$223.721
OR$240.86–$262.642
PA$230.55–$256.832
PR$247.561
RI$251.151
SC$230.251
SD$236.291
TN$223.101
TX$228.91–$254.558
UT$233.761
VA$238.60–$281.862
VI$247.561
VT$236.971
WA$252.47–$286.052
WI$228.471
WV$228.871
WY$242.101

See 45320 in every payment locality

How the 45320 rate is calculated

Each of 45320’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 45320

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work1.64

1.64 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense5.29

5.29 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.43

0.43 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

7.3600

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$245.83

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Metropolitan Boston, MA inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

5,495

Code
45320
Physician work
1.64
Practice expense
5.29
Malpractice
0.43

GPCI2026.csv

62

Locality
Metropolitan Boston, MA
Physician work
1.041
Practice expense
1.194
Malpractice
0.890
Office calculation for 45320 in Metropolitan Boston, MA
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.64× 1.0411.7072
Practice expense5.29× 1.1946.3163
Malpractice0.43× 0.8900.3827
Total RVUs8.4062
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Metropolitan Boston, MA$280.77

Office: (1.64 × 1.041 + 5.29 × 1.194 + 0.43 × 0.89) × $33.4009 = $280.77

Facility: (1.64 × 1.041 + 0.91 × 1.194 + 0.43 × 0.89) × $33.4009 = $106.10

Open 45320 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 45320

The CMS indicators that decide how 45320 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 45320

Proctosigmoidoscopy, lesion ablation

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures3Endoscopy family rules apply.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

45320 without 51 · national office

$245.83

Proctosigmoidoscopy, lesion ablation

45320-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$122.92

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

Codes related to 45320

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 45320
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Metropolitan Boston, MA
Same family
45308Lesion removal, rigid scope, cautery techniqueRigid proctosigmoidoscopic lesion removal using hot biopsy forceps or bipolar cautery.$261.14
45309Proctosigmoidoscopy, snare lesion removalRigid proctosigmoidoscopic lesion removal using a snare.$268.81
Used instead
45346Flexible sigmoidoscopy, lesion ablationAblation during flexible sigmoidoscopy rather than rigid proctosigmoidoscopy.$2,958.44
45305Proctosigmoidoscopy, rigid scope with biopsyRigid proctosigmoidoscopy with biopsy when tissue sampling, rather than ablation, is performed.$229.14

How 45320 has changed in Metropolitan Boston, MA

45320 · Office / nonfacility

$280.77

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $37.57 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $243.20 to $280.77 (15.4%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $243.20changed to$280.77

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 1.68 changed to 1.64
    • Practice expense RVU 4.49 changed to 5.29
    • Malpractice RVU 0.44 changed to 0.43
    • Work GPCI 1.042 changed to 1.041
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.197 changed to 1.194
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.894 changed to 0.890

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $253.26changed to$243.20

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 4.58 changed to 4.49
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.44

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $249.13changed to$253.26

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $261.34changed to$249.13

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 4.66 changed to 4.58
    • Work GPCI 1.045 changed to 1.042
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.200 changed to 1.197
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.868 changed to 0.894

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $272.22changed to$261.34

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 4.78 changed to 4.66
    • Work GPCI 1.049 changed to 1.045
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.203 changed to 1.200
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.842 changed to 0.868

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $269.44changed to$272.22

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 4.66 changed to 4.78

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $235.81changed to$269.44

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 3.69 changed to 4.66
    • Malpractice RVU 0.41 changed to 0.42
    • Work GPCI 1.041 changed to 1.049
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.191 changed to 1.203
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.952 changed to 0.842

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $221.84changed to$235.81

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 3.38 changed to 3.69
    • Work GPCI 1.033 changed to 1.041
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.179 changed to 1.191
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.061 changed to 0.952

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $207.63changed to$221.84

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 3.06 changed to 3.38
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.41

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $198.78changed to$207.63

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 2.98 changed to 3.06
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.40
    • Work GPCI 1.025 changed to 1.033
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.171 changed to 1.179
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.839 changed to 1.061

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $271.47changed to$198.78

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Work RVU 1.78 changed to 1.68
    • Practice expense RVU 4.74 changed to 2.98
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.39
    • Work GPCI 1.017 changed to 1.025
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.163 changed to 1.171
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.617 changed to 0.839

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $275.18changed to$271.47

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 4.80 changed to 4.74
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.42

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $273.81changed to$275.18

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $269.88changed to$273.81

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 4.77 changed to 4.80
    • Malpractice RVU 0.30 changed to 0.43
    • Work GPCI 1.016 changed to 1.017
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.156 changed to 1.163
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.704 changed to 0.617

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    No ratechanged to$269.88

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$280.77$106.10RVU26D
2026-07-01$280.77$106.10RVU26C
2026-04-01$280.77$106.10RVU26B
2026-01-01$280.77$106.10RVU26A
2025-10-01$243.20$110.78RVU25D
2025-07-01$243.20$110.78RVU25C
2025-04-01$243.20$110.78RVU25B
2025-01-01$243.20$110.78RVU25A
2024-10-01$253.26$112.21RVU24D
2024-07-01$253.26$112.21RVU24C
2024-04-01$253.26$112.21RVU24B
2024-03-09$253.26$112.21RVU24AR
2024-01-01$249.13$110.38RVU24A
2023-10-01$261.34$112.92RVU23D
2023-07-01$261.34$112.92RVU23C
2023-04-01$261.34$112.92RVU23B
2023-01-01$261.34$112.92RVU23A
2022-10-01$272.22$115.27RVU22D
2022-07-01$272.22$115.27RVU22C
2022-04-01$272.22$115.27RVU22B
2022-01-01$272.22$115.27RVU22A
2021-10-01$269.44$115.39RVU21D
2021-07-01$269.44$115.39RVU21C
2021-04-01$269.44$115.39RVU21B
2021-01-01$269.44$115.39RVU21A
2020-10-01$235.81$118.47RVU20D
2020-07-01$235.81$118.47RVU20C
2020-04-01$235.81$118.47RVU20B
2020-01-01$235.81$118.47RVU20A
2019-10-01$221.84$118.59RVU19D
2019-07-01$221.84$118.59RVU19C
2019-04-01$221.84$118.59RVU19B
2019-01-01$221.84$118.59RVU19A
2018-10-01$207.63$118.50RVU18D
2018-07-01$207.63$118.50RVU18C
2018-04-01$207.63$118.50RVU18B
2018-01-01$207.63$118.50RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$198.78$113.89RVU17D
2017-07-01$198.78$113.89RVU17C
2017-04-01$198.78$113.89RVU17B
2017-01-01$198.78$113.89RVU17A
2016-10-01$271.47$115.73RVU16D
2016-07-01$271.47$115.73RVU16C
2016-04-01$271.47$115.73RVU16B
2016-01-01$271.47$115.73RVU16A
2015-10-01$275.18$116.37RVU15D
2015-07-01$275.18$116.37RVU15C
2015-04-01$273.81$115.79RVU15B
2015-01-01$273.81$115.79RVU15A
2014-10-01$269.88$113.76RVU14D
2014-07-01$269.88$113.76RVU14C
2014-04-01$269.88$113.76RVU14B
2014-01-01$269.88$113.76RVU14A
2013-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13D
2013-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13C
2013-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13B
2013-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13AR

Price 45320 for an earlier date of service

Where the Metropolitan Boston, MA rate applies

Metropolitan Boston, MA is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 60 cities and communities in Massachusetts. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Boston
  • Arlington
  • Ayer
  • Bellingham
  • Belmont
  • Braintree Town
  • Brookline
  • Burlington

Browse all communities in Massachusetts

45320 billing questions

How does 45320 differ from 45308 or 45309?

45320 is for ablation of a lesion not suitable for conventional removal. Codes 45308 and 45309 describe lesion removal using hot biopsy forceps or bipolar cautery, and snare technique, respectively.

How does this code differ from 45346?

Both describe lesion ablation, but 45320 is for rigid proctosigmoidoscopy. Code 45346 describes ablation during flexible sigmoidoscopy.

What should the procedure note document?

Document the lesion's location and the ablative treatment performed, including why the service was ablation rather than conventional forceps or snare removal.

Can modifier 50 be used?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code.

Are same-day care and surgical assistance paid separately?

The 0-day global period includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care. CMS does not pay for an assistant at surgery, and does not permit co-surgeons or team surgery.

What happens when related endoscopies are performed together?

CMS applies endoscopy family pricing when related endoscopies are performed together, rather than pricing each related scope as an entirely independent procedure.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 45320PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 5,495 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Metropolitan Boston, MAGPCI2026.csv, line 62 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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