CPT code 97110: Therapeutic exercise, one-on-one, each 15 minutes2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Oregon
Timed one-on-one therapy service in which a therapist directs exercises to build strength, endurance, range of motion, or flexibility, reported per 15 minutes.
Medicare pays $28.90–$30.73 for 97110 in the office in Oregon, from Rest of Oregon to Portland, OR. Which amount applies depends on the service address.
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
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On this page 9 sections
What 97110 covers
Therapeutic exercise covers clinician-directed exercise aimed at restoring strength, endurance, joint range of motion, and flexibility in one or more body areas. Typical examples include progressive resistive exercise after rotator cuff repair, active-assisted range of motion after total knee arthroplasty, core strengthening for low back pain, and stretching programs for contractures. Physical therapists, occupational therapists, and supervised assistants perform it, mostly in outpatient clinics and private practices, with smaller volumes in facility settings. The clinician must have direct, one-on-one contact with the patient throughout the billed time.
Units are based on documented minutes of direct treatment. Medicare counts total timed minutes across all timed therapy codes for the day and assigns units under the 8-minute rule. Notes should name the exercises, parameters such as sets, repetitions, and resistance, the body region, skilled cues provided, and the functional goal addressed. Report the applicable therapy discipline modifier; add CQ or CO when assistant involvement meets Medicare’s threshold for a billed unit. This therapy service has no professional or technical split, so modifier 26 is not used. The therapy multiple procedure payment reduction reduces practice expense for the second and later therapy units on the same day, including a second unit of 97110.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
Billing guides for 97110: 97110 vs 97530 · 97110 vs 97112 · Physical therapy CPT codes
Where 97110 pays more and less in Oregon
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| Portland, OR | $30.73 | Unavailable |
| Rest of Oregon | $28.90 | Unavailable |
How the 97110 rate is calculated
Each of 97110’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 97110
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work0.45
0.45 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense0.41
0.41 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice0.01
0.01 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
0.8700
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$29.06
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
Payment rules and modifiers for 97110
The CMS indicators that decide how 97110 is paid alongside other services.
CMS payment indicators · 97110
Therapeutic exercise, one-on-one, each 15 minutes
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | XXX | The global surgery concept doesn’t apply. |
| Multiple procedures | 5 | Therapy reduction: practice expense of the second and later units is reduced. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 0 | The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 0 | Not paid without supporting documentation. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 7 | Therapy service: the split doesn’t apply. |
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier CQ · payment effect
With and without the modifier
97110 without CQ · national office
$29.06
Therapeutic exercise, one-on-one, each 15 minutes
97110-CQ · Allowed amount unchanged
$29.06
Medicare cuts its own payment by 15% after the patient’s 20% coinsurance; the allowed amount stays the same. On $100 allowed: $20 coinsurance, then Medicare pays $68 instead of $80.
97110 compared with similar codes
Compare codes · National
5 codes, side by side
How to choose
- 97530Therapeutic activitiesOne-on-one, each 15 minutes
- 97110 addresses strength, endurance, range of motion, or flexibility through exercise; 97530 uses dynamic functional tasks, such as lifting, carrying, or transfers, to improve daily activities.
- 97112Neuromuscular reeducationBalance, coordination, proprioception, timed
- Choose 97112 for neuromuscular retraining of balance, coordination, kinesthetic sense, posture, or proprioception; choose 97110 for exercises directed at strength, endurance, range of motion, or flexibility.
- 97150Group therapyTwo or more patients, per session
- 97110 requires direct one-on-one contact and is billed in 15-minute units; 97150 applies when the therapist treats two or more patients simultaneously and is billed once per patient per session.
- 97113Aquatic therapyPool-based exercise, per 15 minutes
- Therapeutic exercise performed in an aquatic environment is reported with 97113; one-on-one land-based therapeutic exercise is reported with 97110.
97110 billing questions
How many units can be billed for a 38-minute session of therapeutic exercise alone?
Under Medicare’s 8-minute rule, 38 timed minutes supports 3 units. When 97110 is the only timed service, all 3 units are assigned to 97110.
When should 97530 be chosen instead of 97110?
Use 97110 for exercises directed at strength, endurance, range of motion, or flexibility. Use 97530 for dynamic functional tasks, such as lifting or transfers, performed to improve functional activity.
Can 97110 be billed when the therapist supervises several patients exercising at once?
No. When the therapist works with two or more patients simultaneously without constant one-on-one contact, report group therapy with 97150, billed once per patient per session.
Which modifiers are used with 97110?
Report the applicable therapy discipline modifier: GP for physical therapy, GO for occupational therapy, or GN for speech-language pathology. Add CQ or CO when PTA or OTA involvement meets Medicare’s threshold for the billed unit; do not use modifier 26.
Is a home exercise program that the patient performs independently billable?
Time the patient spends exercising independently without skilled one-on-one treatment is not billable as 97110. Time spent teaching, demonstrating, and correcting therapeutic exercises for a home program one-on-one can count toward 97110 minutes.
Can 97110 be billed on the same day as a PT evaluation?
Yes. An evaluation code such as 97161 through 97163 can be reported with 97110 when exercise treatment is separately delivered, but evaluation minutes cannot also be counted as exercise time.
97110 is in these specialty bundles: Physical therapy
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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