CPT code 15610: Flap delay, arms or legs2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota

Reports staged surgical preparation of a flap on an arm or leg to improve its blood supply before a later reconstructive transfer.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality121 Medicare services in 2024

In South Dakota, Medicare pays $382.14 for 15610 in the office and $226.16 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$382.14Office (non-facility)
$226.16Hospital or facility
−2.4%vs the national office rate ($391.46)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 15610 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 15610 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in South Dakota
  2. What 15610 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 15610 covers

This code covers a preparatory operation on a flap intended for later reconstruction of an arm or leg. The surgeon surgically alters or partially sections the planned flap so it can develop a more reliable blood supply before transfer. Plastic and reconstructive surgeons commonly perform this staged work in an operating room when a flap is planned for coverage of a traumatic or surgical defect. The later flap transfer is a distinct reconstructive step, not the delay procedure itself.

Report 15610 when the operative record supports flap preparation on an upper or lower extremity, rather than on another anatomic site. Document the flap location, the preparatory surgical work, and its role in the planned reconstruction. The code has a 90-day global period that includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% multiple-procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. Assistant-at-surgery payment requires documented medical necessity; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How South Dakota compares for 15610

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 15610 runs from $343.02 in Arkansas to $524.49 in San Benito County, CA. South Dakota pays $382.14. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

15610 in South Dakota vs other payment areas
  1. South Dakota · this page$382.14
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$444.15+$62.01
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$450.04+$67.90
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$425.01+$42.87
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$411.68+$29.54
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$452.77+$70.63
  7. Alaska · Alaska$445.44+$63.30

Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

15610 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$348.46$211.98
ArkansasArkansas$343.02$209.03
ArizonaArizona$380.29$229.14
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$415.88$244.92
Chico, CACalifornia$414.69$243.74
El Centro, CACalifornia$414.76$243.81
Fresno, CACalifornia$414.69$243.74
Hanford, CACalifornia$414.69$243.74

15610 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$343.02

$469.59

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
15610 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$445.441
AL$348.461
AR$343.021
AZ$380.291
CA$414.69–$524.4929
CO$408.271
CT$418.781
DC$450.041
DE$386.911
FL$385.52–$425.013
GA$362.26–$399.252
GU$426.001
HI$426.001
IA$357.901
ID$360.441
IL$373.67–$411.684
IN$362.691
KS$356.161
KY$357.491
LA$356.91–$375.952
MA$405.57–$450.572
MD$394.67–$450.043
ME$362.53–$383.622
MI$367.58–$390.752
MN$390.151
MO$350.35–$377.313
MS$346.761
MT$391.431
NC$366.611
ND$383.131
NE$360.001
NH$401.811
NJ$423.27–$444.832
NM$369.771
NV$389.411
NY$372.53–$464.545
OH$365.881
OK$356.741
OR$386.11–$421.962
PA$366.48–$407.752
PR$394.501
RI$401.251
SC$366.911
SD$382.141
TN$358.091
TX$363.89–$407.158
UT$372.311
VA$382.31–$450.042
VI$394.501
VT$381.581
WA$404.82–$460.022
WI$369.351
WV$358.831
WY$387.811

See 15610 in every payment locality

How the 15610 rate is calculated

Each of 15610’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 15610

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work2.46

2.46 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense8.84

8.84 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.42

0.42 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

11.7200

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$391.46

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

1,525

Code
15610
Physician work
2.46
Practice expense
8.84
Malpractice
0.42

GPCI2026.csv

94

Locality
South Dakota
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.000
Malpractice
0.336
Office calculation for 15610 in South Dakota
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work2.46× 1.0002.4600
Practice expense8.84× 1.0008.8400
Malpractice0.42× 0.3360.1411
Total RVUs11.4411
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, South Dakota$382.14

Office: (2.46 × 1 + 8.84 × 1 + 0.42 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $382.14

Facility: (2.46 × 1 + 4.17 × 1 + 0.42 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $226.16

Open 15610 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 15610

15610 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 15610

Flap delay, arms or legs

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.71/0.19Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 15610

Flap delay, arms or legs

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

15610 without 51 · national office

$391.46

Flap delay, arms or legs

15610-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$195.73

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 15610 has changed in South Dakota

15610 · Office / nonfacility

$382.14

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $31.52 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $350.62 to $382.14 (9.0%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $350.62changed to$382.14

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 2.52 changed to 2.46
    • Practice expense RVU 8.14 changed to 8.84
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.42
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.382 changed to 0.336

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $360.90changed to$350.62

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 8.15 changed to 8.14
    • Malpractice RVU 0.45 changed to 0.47

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $355.01changed to$360.90

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $366.20changed to$355.01

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 8.13 changed to 8.15
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.45
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.364 changed to 0.382
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $368.41changed to$366.20

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 7.98 changed to 8.13
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.43
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.347 changed to 0.364

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $369.49changed to$368.41

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 7.92 changed to 7.98
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.42

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $361.33changed to$369.49

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 7.33 changed to 7.92
    • Malpractice RVU 0.44 changed to 0.43
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.368 changed to 0.347

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $356.91changed to$361.33

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 7.22 changed to 7.33
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.44
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.389 changed to 0.368

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $356.02changed to$356.91

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 7.21 changed to 7.22
    • Malpractice RVU 0.41 changed to 0.42

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $354.07changed to$356.02

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 7.18 changed to 7.21
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.41
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.395 changed to 0.389

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $350.95changed to$354.07

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 7.11 changed to 7.18
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.42
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.400 changed to 0.395

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $353.66changed to$350.95

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 7.15 changed to 7.11

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $351.90changed to$353.66

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $347.44changed to$351.90

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 7.00 changed to 7.15
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.400

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $357.73changed to$347.44

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 7.80 changed to 7.00
    • Malpractice RVU 0.45 changed to 0.43
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.432 changed to 0.416

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $357.73

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$382.14$226.16RVU26D
2026-07-01$382.14$226.16RVU26C
2026-04-01$382.14$226.16RVU26B
2026-01-01$382.14$226.16RVU26A
2025-10-01$350.62$232.88RVU25D
2025-07-01$350.62$232.88RVU25C
2025-04-01$350.62$232.88RVU25B
2025-01-01$350.62$232.88RVU25A
2024-10-01$360.90$237.07RVU24D
2024-07-01$360.90$237.07RVU24C
2024-04-01$360.90$237.07RVU24B
2024-03-09$360.90$237.07RVU24AR
2024-01-01$355.01$233.20RVU24A
2023-10-01$366.20$238.79RVU23D
2023-07-01$366.20$238.79RVU23C
2023-04-01$366.20$238.79RVU23B
2023-01-01$366.20$238.79RVU23A
2022-10-01$368.41$237.60RVU22D
2022-07-01$368.41$237.60RVU22C
2022-04-01$368.41$237.60RVU22B
2022-01-01$368.41$237.60RVU22A
2021-10-01$369.49$237.59RVU21D
2021-07-01$369.49$237.59RVU21C
2021-04-01$369.49$237.59RVU21B
2021-01-01$369.49$237.59RVU21A
2020-10-01$361.33$238.62RVU20D
2020-07-01$361.33$238.62RVU20C
2020-04-01$361.33$238.62RVU20B
2020-01-01$361.33$238.62RVU20A
2019-10-01$356.91$237.98RVU19D
2019-07-01$356.91$237.98RVU19C
2019-04-01$356.91$237.98RVU19B
2019-01-01$356.91$237.98RVU19A
2018-10-01$356.02$240.10RVU18D
2018-07-01$356.02$240.10RVU18C
2018-04-01$356.02$240.10RVU18B
2018-01-01$356.02$240.10RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$354.07$240.31RVU17D
2017-07-01$354.07$240.31RVU17C
2017-04-01$354.07$240.31RVU17B
2017-01-01$354.07$240.31RVU17A
2016-10-01$350.95$237.81RVU16D
2016-07-01$350.95$237.81RVU16C
2016-04-01$350.95$237.81RVU16B
2016-01-01$350.95$237.81RVU16A
2015-10-01$353.66$239.39RVU15D
2015-07-01$353.66$239.39RVU15C
2015-04-01$351.90$238.20RVU15B
2015-01-01$351.90$238.20RVU15A
2014-10-01$347.44$236.03RVU14D
2014-07-01$347.44$236.03RVU14C
2014-04-01$347.44$236.03RVU14B
2014-01-01$347.44$236.03RVU14A
2013-10-01$357.73$239.33RVU13D
2013-07-01$357.73$239.33RVU13C
2013-04-01$357.73$239.33RVU13B
2013-01-01$357.73$239.33RVU13AR

Price 15610 for an earlier date of service

Where the South Dakota rate applies

South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aberdeen
  • Agar
  • Agency Village
  • Akaska
  • Albee
  • Alcester
  • Alexandria
  • Allen

Browse all communities in South Dakota

15610 billing questions

When is 15610 selected instead of another flap-delay code?

Use 15610 for flap preparation on an arm or leg. The related delay codes distinguish other anatomic regions, including the trunk, face or neck, and eye, nose, ear, or lip.

Does 15610 report the later flap transfer?

No. It reports the preparatory delay procedure on an extremity flap; the later transfer is a separate reconstructive step.

Can modifier 50 be used when both arms or legs are treated?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code. Report the service according to the applicable coding instructions for the documented procedures.

What documentation supports reporting 15610?

The operative note should identify the extremity site, describe the surgical preparation or sectioning of the flap, and connect that work to the planned reconstruction.

How does the global period affect postoperative visits?

The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

When can an assistant-at-surgery be paid?

Assistant-at-surgery payment is allowed only when medical necessity is documented. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted for this code.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 15610PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 1,525 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for South DakotaGPCI2026.csv, line 94 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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