CPT code 22585: Anterior fusion, additional interspace2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Puerto Rico
Reports an additional intervertebral space fused through an anterior interbody approach, alongside the primary code for the first space treated.
In Puerto Rico, Medicare pays $287.37 for 22585 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 22585 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 22585 covers
22585 represents fusion at an additional intervertebral space using an anterior interbody approach. The surgeon removes disc material as needed to prepare the space for fusion; this code describes preparation for fusion, not a separate nerve-root or spinal-cord decompression. It may be used for additional cervical, thoracic, or lumbar spaces when the corresponding primary anterior interbody fusion procedure is performed. Spine surgeons, including orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons, typically perform these operations in an operating room.
Report 22585 only with the appropriate primary code for the first interspace, such as 22554, 22556, or 22558. The operative report should identify each fused interspace and support that 22585 represents an additional space beyond the one reported by the primary code. CMS classifies 22585 as an add-on code: it is not billed by itself, and its payment falls within the primary procedure’s global period.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How Puerto Rico compares for 22585
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 22585 runs from $248.10 in Wisconsin to $372.02 in Miami, FL. Puerto Rico pays $287.37. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- Puerto Rico · this page$287.37
- Los Angeles, CA · California$286.78−$0.59
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$312.99+$25.62
- Miami, FL · Florida$372.02+$84.65
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$358.75+$71.38
- Manhattan, NY · New York$339.36+$51.99
- Alaska · Alaska$356.80+$69.43
Other areas in Puerto Rico first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $257.48 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $253.87 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $278.16 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $275.16 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $271.15 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $289.65 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $282.19 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $288.11 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $277.92 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $276.80 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $278.95 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $297.75 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $295.92 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $306.31 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $298.84 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $273.21 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $278.04 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $276.64 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $280.36 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $287.02 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $270.88 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $281.42 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $306.63 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $282.40 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $331.74 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $312.25 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $299.80 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $292.06 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $272.36 |
| IowaIowa | — | $250.56 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $254.91 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $337.78 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $313.15 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $331.82 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $255.99 |
| KansasKansas | — | $255.71 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $277.00 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $291.70 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $279.10 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $299.53 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $282.41 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $307.15 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $285.62 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $262.93 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $267.25 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $322.58 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $289.81 |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | — | $251.29 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $283.04 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $285.09 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $278.72 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $266.03 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $287.47 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $264.54 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $255.64 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $249.97 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $283.08 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $311.22 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $304.96 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | — | $293.90 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $278.66 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $355.39 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $312.10 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $332.70 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $268.90 |
| OhioOhio | — | $283.30 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $269.80 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $282.70 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $271.39 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $303.41 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $280.19 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $286.97 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $275.40 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | — | $251.87 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $257.76 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $284.95 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $278.89 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $276.70 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $281.35 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $281.50 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $279.39 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $308.86 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $279.61 |
| UtahUtah | — | $278.85 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $270.85 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $287.37 |
| VermontVermont | — | $260.48 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $279.93 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $299.01 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $248.10 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $303.67 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $273.60 |
22585 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 22585 rate is calculated
Each of 22585’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 22585
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work5.38
5.38 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense1.62
1.62 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice1.61
1.61 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
8.6100
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$287.58
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact Puerto Rico inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
2,088
- Code
- 22585
- Physician work
- 5.38
- Practice expense
- 1.62
- Malpractice
- 1.61
GPCI2026.csv
91
- Locality
- Puerto Rico
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.011
- Malpractice
- 0.985
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 5.38 | × 1.000 | 5.3800 |
| Practice expense | 1.62 | × 1.011 | 1.6378 |
| Malpractice | 1.61 | × 0.985 | 1.5858 |
| Total RVUs | 8.6037 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Puerto Rico$287.37
Facility: (5.38 × 1 + 1.62 × 1.011 + 1.61 × 0.985) × $33.4009 = $287.37
Payment rules and modifiers for 22585
The CMS indicators that decide how 22585 is paid alongside other services.
CMS payment indicators · 22585
Anterior fusion, additional interspace
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | ZZZ | Add-on code: falls within the primary procedure’s global period. |
| Multiple procedures | 0 | No multiple-procedure reduction. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 0 | The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 2 | Paid. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 2 | Permitted. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 80 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
22585 without 80 · national facility
$287.58
Anterior fusion, additional interspace
22585-80 · Assistant: 16%
$46.01
A physician assistant at surgery is paid 16% of the surgeon’s fee schedule amount.
How 22585 has changed in Puerto Rico
22585 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $287.37 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $287.37 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $287.37 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $287.37 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $314.07 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $314.07 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $314.07 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $314.07 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $322.18 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $322.18 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $322.18 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $322.18 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $316.92 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $327.86 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $328.03 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $328.03 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $328.03 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $332.18 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $332.18 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $332.18 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $332.18 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $334.61 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $334.61 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $334.61 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $334.61 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $343.30 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $343.30 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $343.30 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $343.30 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.26 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.26 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.26 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.26 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.97 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.97 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.97 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $344.97 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $312.00 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $312.00 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $312.00 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $312.00 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $278.77 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $278.77 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $278.77 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $278.77 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $280.09 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $280.09 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $278.70 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $278.70 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $276.70 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $276.70 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $276.70 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $276.70 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $265.17 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $265.17 | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $265.17 | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $265.17 | RVU13AR |
Where the Puerto Rico rate applies
Puerto Rico is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 292 cities and communities in Puerto Rico. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Aceitunas
- Adjuntas
- Aguada
- Aguadilla
- Aguas Buenas
- Aguas Claras
- Aguilita
- Aibonito
22585 billing questions
Can 22585 be billed by itself?
No. Report it only with the appropriate primary anterior interbody fusion code for the first treated interspace.
Which primary codes may be paired with 22585?
Use the primary code that matches the region and procedure, such as 22554 for cervical, 22556 for thoracic, or 22558 for lumbar fusion.
How many units should be reported?
Report an additional unit for each separately documented interspace beyond the first, following the applicable coding instructions.
How is 22585 different from 22552?
22585 is used for an additional space with the anterior interbody fusion procedures represented by 22554, 22556, or 22558. 22552 is the additional-level code associated with the decompressive cervical fusion code 22551.
Does 22585 have its own global period?
CMS identifies it as an add-on code paid within the global period of the primary procedure.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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