CPT code 23145: Bone lesion removal, scapula with autograft2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Minnesota
Reports operative curettage or excision of a benign bone cyst or tumor in the scapula when the defect is reconstructed with the patient’s own bone.
In Minnesota, Medicare pays $619.42 for 23145 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 23145 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 23145 covers
An orthopedic surgeon, often an orthopedic oncologist, uses this service to remove or curette a benign cystic or tumorous lesion in the scapula and fill the resulting defect with autologous bone graft. The work includes obtaining the patient’s graft as part of the procedure. It is a surgical treatment of a scapular lesion, not simply an arthrotomy for joint inspection or biopsy.
Report the code when the operative record supports the scapular site, lesion removal by curettage or excision, and use of the patient’s own bone graft. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. For multiple procedures in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. An assistant at surgery may be paid; co-surgeons require supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How Minnesota compares for 23145
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 23145 runs from $585.14 in Arkansas to $799.46 in Alaska. Minnesota pays $619.42. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- Minnesota · this page$619.42
- Los Angeles, CA · California$699.93+$80.51
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$731.73+$112.31
- Miami, FL · Florida$768.29+$148.87
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$744.91+$125.49
- Manhattan, NY · New York$761.03+$141.61
- Alaska · Alaska$799.46+$180.04
Other areas in Minnesota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $593.03 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $585.14 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $638.76 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $664.76 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $659.72 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $735.06 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $692.99 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $680.35 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $684.35 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $681.68 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $692.33 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $767.94 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $765.73 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $786.69 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $777.64 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $671.68 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $694.61 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $682.76 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $701.07 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $731.87 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $659.40 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $664.68 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $698.79 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $648.52 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $713.33 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $677.19 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $675.58 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $638.66 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $668.70 |
| IowaIowa | — | $593.45 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $599.83 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $700.19 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $668.82 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $717.13 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $602.67 |
| KansasKansas | — | $597.27 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $619.76 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $649.00 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $621.42 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $717.79 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $663.81 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $698.18 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $658.14 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $609.53 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $630.39 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $691.68 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $640.55 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $638.08 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $643.42 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $615.89 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $600.30 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $656.87 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $614.35 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $618.31 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $594.49 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $660.56 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $726.41 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $701.84 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | — | $646.38 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $646.40 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $786.39 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $711.59 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $757.36 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $623.37 |
| OhioOhio | — | $632.67 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $611.91 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $676.92 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $636.51 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $686.79 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $630.00 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | — | $659.16 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $665.20 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $625.52 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | — | $613.75 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $600.85 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $666.75 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $626.67 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $642.55 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $649.36 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $647.35 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $646.24 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $681.94 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $636.11 |
| UtahUtah | — | $633.22 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $632.99 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $659.16 |
| VermontVermont | — | $621.96 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $660.55 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $725.22 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $599.93 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $647.66 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $640.06 |
23145 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 23145 rate is calculated
Each of 23145’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 23145
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work9.17
9.17 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense8.55
8.55 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice1.95
1.95 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
19.6700
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$657.00
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact Minnesota inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
2,172
- Code
- 23145
- Physician work
- 9.17
- Practice expense
- 8.55
- Malpractice
- 1.95
GPCI2026.csv
66
- Locality
- Minnesota
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.029
- Malpractice
- 0.296
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 9.17 | × 1.000 | 9.1700 |
| Practice expense | 8.55 | × 1.029 | 8.7980 |
| Malpractice | 1.95 | × 0.296 | 0.5772 |
| Total RVUs | 18.5452 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Minnesota$619.42
Facility: (9.17 × 1 + 8.55 × 1.029 + 1.95 × 0.296) × $33.4009 = $619.42
Payment rules and modifiers for 23145
23145 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.
CMS payment indicators · 23145
Bone lesion removal, scapula with autograft
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 090 | Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included. |
| Multiple procedures | 2 | Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 1 | Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 2 | Paid. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 1 | Permitted with supporting documentation. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
| Split (54/55/56) | 0.10/0.69/0.21 | Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care. |
Global surgery period · 23145
Bone lesion removal, scapula with autograft
90-day global period ends
Dec 30, 2026
Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).
Visit on Oct 31, 2026
Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.
Pre-op dayGlobal period
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 50 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
23145 without 50 · national facility
$657.00
Bone lesion removal, scapula with autograft
23145-50 · Bilateral: 150%
$985.50
Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).
How 23145 has changed in Minnesota
23145 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $619.42 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $619.42 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $619.42 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $619.42 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $656.46 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $656.46 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $656.46 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $656.46 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.94 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.94 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.94 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $668.94 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $658.02 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $675.17 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $675.17 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $675.17 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $675.17 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $679.23 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $679.23 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $679.23 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $679.23 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.58 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.58 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.58 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.58 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $684.97 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $684.97 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $684.97 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $684.97 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $681.53 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $681.53 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $678.14 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $678.14 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.16 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.16 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.16 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $680.16 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $666.53 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $666.53 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $666.53 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $666.53 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $673.89 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $673.89 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $673.89 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $673.89 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $677.88 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $677.88 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $674.51 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $674.51 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.82 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.82 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.82 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $668.82 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $659.84 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13AR |
Where the Minnesota rate applies
Minnesota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 916 cities and communities in Minnesota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Ada
- Adams
- Adrian
- Afton
- Aitkin
- Akeley
- Albany
- Albert Lea
23145 billing questions
When is 23145 different from 23146?
Both concern benign bone lesions of the scapula, but 23145 involves the patient’s own bone graft. Use 23146 for the allograft approach.
Can the graft-harvesting work be reported separately?
The autograft service includes obtaining the patient’s bone for the reconstruction. Do not separately report graft harvesting as though it were outside this procedure.
What documentation supports this code?
Document the scapular lesion, its removal by excision or curettage, and reconstruction with autologous bone graft. The operative note should make the graft type clear.
How does the 90-day global period affect postoperative billing?
The day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care are included in the global period. The code’s global package applies to care related to this operation.
Can modifier 50 be used for bilateral work?
CMS identifies this as a bilateral procedure; when reported with modifier 50, payment is at 150%. The record should support treatment on both sides.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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