CPT code 28108: Toe bone lesion, phalanx of the foot2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Austin, TX

Reports operative removal or curettage of a benign bone lesion in a toe phalanx, rather than a lesion in the metatarsal or tarsal bones.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality994 Medicare services in 2024

In Austin, TX, Medicare pays $445.97 for 28108 in the office and $279.88 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$445.97Office (non-facility)
$279.88Hospital or facility
+3.4%vs the national office rate ($431.21)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28108 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28108 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Austin, TX
  2. What 28108 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28108 covers

This service covers operative removal or curettage of a benign bone cyst or tumor in a toe phalanx. An orthopedic surgeon or podiatrist may perform it when a lesion in the toe bone requires surgical treatment. The surgeon identifies the involved phalanx, exposes the lesion, and removes or curettes the affected bone tissue. The code is specific to a lesion in a toe bone; a soft-tissue mass on the toe is a different service.

Select the code by the involved bone and the procedure documented, distinguishing a toe phalanx from a metatarsal or tarsal bone. The operative report should identify the toe and phalanx, describe the lesion and the removal or curettage performed, and support that the target was bone. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. For multiple procedures in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. Assistant-at-surgery payment is statutorily restricted; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Austin, TX compares for 28108

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28108 runs from $385.31 in Arkansas to $562.63 in San Benito County, CA. Austin, TX pays $445.97. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28108 in Austin, TX vs other payment areas
  1. Austin, TX · this page$445.97
  2. Beaumont, TX · Texas$405.26−$40.71
  3. Brazoria, TX · Texas$426.74−$19.23
  4. Dallas, TX · Texas$429.36−$16.61
  5. Fort Worth, TX · Texas$426.77−$19.20
  6. Galveston, TX · Texas$427.97−$18.00
  7. Houston, TX · Texas$435.66−$10.31

Other areas in Texas first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28108 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
Rest of TexasTexas$415.71$266.73
Los Angeles, CACalifornia$482.96$297.25
Washington, DC areaDistrict of Columbia$489.69$304.77
Miami, FLFlorida$464.02$300.60
Chicago, ILIllinois$451.74$293.97
Manhattan, NYNew York$493.29$310.88
AlaskaAlaska$512.90$345.71
AlabamaAlabama$390.46$253.10

28108 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$385.31

$512.90

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28108 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$512.901
AL$390.461
AR$385.311
AZ$420.591
CA$453.69–$562.6329
CO$447.561
CT$458.301
DC$489.691
DE$427.161
FL$426.06–$464.023
GA$403.96–$438.882
GU$463.281
HI$463.281
IA$399.181
ID$401.631
IL$414.98–$451.744
IN$403.761
KS$397.631
KY$399.241
LA$398.74–$416.762
MA$445.29–$489.182
MD$434.78–$489.693
ME$403.72–$423.532
MI$408.90–$431.132
MN$429.371
MO$392.58–$417.933
MS$389.011
MT$431.181
NC$407.571
ND$422.871
NE$401.131
NH$440.821
NJ$463.67–$485.332
NM$411.021
NV$429.141
NY$413.18–$504.585
OH$407.201
OK$398.411
OR$425.93–$460.632
PA$407.70–$447.802
PR$434.041
RI$441.501
SC$408.031
SD$421.891
TN$399.481
TX$405.26–$445.978
UT$413.141
VA$422.37–$489.692
VI$434.041
VT$421.501
WA$444.37–$498.572
WI$409.851
WV$400.941
WY$427.561

See 28108 in every payment locality

How the 28108 rate is calculated

Each of 28108’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28108

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work4.19

4.19 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense8.30

8.30 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.42

0.42 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

12.9100

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$431.21

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Austin, TX inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,123

Code
28108
Physician work
4.19
Practice expense
8.30
Malpractice
0.42

GPCI2026.csv

96

Locality
Austin, TX
Physician work
1.002
Practice expense
1.058
Malpractice
0.886
Office calculation for 28108 in Austin, TX
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work4.19× 1.0024.1984
Practice expense8.30× 1.0588.7814
Malpractice0.42× 0.8860.3721
Total RVUs13.3519
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Austin, TX$445.97

Office: (4.19 × 1.002 + 8.3 × 1.058 + 0.42 × 0.886) × $33.4009 = $445.97

Facility: (4.19 × 1.002 + 3.6 × 1.058 + 0.42 × 0.886) × $33.4009 = $279.88

Open 28108 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28108

28108 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28108

Toe bone lesion, phalanx of the foot

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28108

Toe bone lesion, phalanx of the foot

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28108 without 51 · national office

$431.21

Toe bone lesion, phalanx of the foot

28108-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$215.61

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 28108 has changed in Austin, TX

28108 · Office / nonfacility

$445.97

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $13.89 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $432.08 to $445.97 (3.2%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $432.08changed to$445.97

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 4.30 changed to 4.19
    • Practice expense RVU 8.31 changed to 8.30
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.42
    • Work GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.002
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.046 changed to 1.058
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.914 changed to 0.886

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $445.35changed to$432.08

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 8.33 changed to 8.31

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $438.08changed to$445.35

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $448.39changed to$438.08

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 8.22 changed to 8.33
    • Malpractice RVU 0.38 changed to 0.40
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.053 changed to 1.046
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.727 changed to 0.914
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $454.22changed to$448.39

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 8.13 changed to 8.22
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.38
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.059 changed to 1.053
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.539 changed to 0.727

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $462.60changed to$454.22

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 8.26 changed to 8.13
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.40

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $463.23changed to$462.60

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 7.96 changed to 8.26
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.39
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.040 changed to 1.059
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.643 changed to 0.539

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $461.87changed to$463.23

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 8.07 changed to 7.96
    • Malpractice RVU 0.37 changed to 0.40
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.021 changed to 1.040
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.747 changed to 0.643

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $461.37changed to$461.87

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $458.69changed to$461.37

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 8.04 changed to 8.07
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.020 changed to 1.021
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.757 changed to 0.747

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $457.81changed to$458.69

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 8.05 changed to 8.04
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.019 changed to 1.020
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.766 changed to 0.757

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $462.48changed to$457.81

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 8.11 changed to 8.05
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.37

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $460.18changed to$462.48

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $453.69changed to$460.18

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 7.98 changed to 8.11
    • Malpractice RVU 0.36 changed to 0.40
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.014 changed to 1.019
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.759 changed to 0.766

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $454.33changed to$453.69

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 8.69 changed to 7.98
    • Malpractice RVU 0.38 changed to 0.36
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.009 changed to 1.014
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.751 changed to 0.759

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $454.33

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$445.97$279.88RVU26D
2026-07-01$445.97$279.88RVU26C
2026-04-01$445.97$279.88RVU26B
2026-01-01$445.97$279.88RVU26A
2025-10-01$432.08$291.33RVU25D
2025-07-01$432.08$291.33RVU25C
2025-04-01$432.08$291.33RVU25B
2025-01-01$432.08$291.33RVU25A
2024-10-01$445.35$296.32RVU24D
2024-07-01$445.35$296.32RVU24C
2024-04-01$445.35$296.32RVU24B
2024-03-09$445.35$296.32RVU24AR
2024-01-01$438.08$291.49RVU24A
2023-10-01$448.39$294.24RVU23D
2023-07-01$448.39$294.24RVU23C
2023-04-01$448.39$294.24RVU23B
2023-01-01$448.39$294.24RVU23A
2022-10-01$454.22$293.70RVU22D
2022-07-01$454.22$293.70RVU22C
2022-04-01$454.22$293.70RVU22B
2022-01-01$454.22$293.70RVU22A
2021-10-01$462.60$293.36RVU21D
2021-07-01$462.60$293.36RVU21C
2021-04-01$462.60$293.36RVU21B
2021-01-01$462.60$293.36RVU21A
2020-10-01$463.23$299.21RVU20D
2020-07-01$463.23$299.21RVU20C
2020-04-01$463.23$299.21RVU20B
2020-01-01$463.23$299.21RVU20A
2019-10-01$461.87$298.50RVU19D
2019-07-01$461.87$298.50RVU19C
2019-04-01$461.87$298.50RVU19B
2019-01-01$461.87$298.50RVU19A
2018-10-01$461.37$298.17RVU18D
2018-07-01$461.37$298.17RVU18C
2018-04-01$461.37$298.17RVU18B
2018-01-01$461.37$298.17RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$458.69$297.25RVU17D
2017-07-01$458.69$297.25RVU17C
2017-04-01$458.69$297.25RVU17B
2017-01-01$458.69$297.25RVU17A
2016-10-01$457.81$296.18RVU16D
2016-07-01$457.81$296.18RVU16C
2016-04-01$457.81$296.18RVU16B
2016-01-01$457.81$296.18RVU16A
2015-10-01$462.48$298.44RVU15D
2015-07-01$462.48$298.44RVU15C
2015-04-01$460.18$296.96RVU15B
2015-01-01$460.18$296.96RVU15A
2014-10-01$453.69$294.96RVU14D
2014-07-01$453.69$294.96RVU14C
2014-04-01$453.69$294.96RVU14B
2014-01-01$453.69$294.96RVU14A
2013-10-01$454.33$289.55RVU13D
2013-07-01$454.33$289.55RVU13C
2013-04-01$454.33$289.55RVU13B
2013-01-01$454.33$289.55RVU13AR

Price 28108 for an earlier date of service

Where the Austin, TX rate applies

Austin, TX is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 31 cities and communities in Texas. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

Browse all communities in Texas

28108 billing questions

How does this differ from removal of a metatarsal lesion?

This code is for a lesion in a toe phalanx. A lesion in a metatarsal is reported with the applicable metatarsal lesion code, such as 28106 or 28107.

Can this code be used for a soft-tissue mass on a toe?

No. The operative service described here targets a bone lesion in a toe phalanx, not a skin or soft-tissue mass.

Is the related preoperative visit or postoperative care separately included?

The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

Should modifier 50 be appended when lesions are treated on both feet?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code. The descriptor or anatomy does not support modifier 50.

How are other procedures in the same session paid?

CMS pays the highest-valued procedure in full and applies the standard multiple procedure reduction to the other procedures. Assistant-at-surgery payment is statutorily restricted, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

What operative documentation supports reporting this code?

Document the involved toe and phalanx, the bone lesion treated, and the removal or curettage performed. The record should make clear that the target was in bone rather than soft tissue.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28108PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,123 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Austin, TXGPCI2026.csv, line 96 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

Did this answer your question about what 28108 pays in Austin, TX?

Tell us what you were actually trying to work out. We’ll answer you directly, or build the page that does.

Fee sheets · Coming soon

Put 28108 and the rest of your codes on one sheet

Your codes at your locality, with payer contracts beside Medicare.

Join the waitlist