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CPT code 28153: Toe bone removal, partial excision2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Virginia

Reports partial removal of toe bone, such as when a foot surgeon excises a painful bony prominence while preserving the remaining toe.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality836 Medicare services in 2024

In Virginia, Medicare pays $390.47 for 28153 in the office and $245.35 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$390.47Office (non-facility)
$245.35Hospital or facility
−2.0%vs the national office rate ($398.47)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28153 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28153 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Virginia
  2. What 28153 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28153 covers

A podiatrist or orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon may perform this procedure to remove part of a toe bone causing a painful prominence or pressure problem. The operation removes bone while leaving the rest of the toe in place; it is distinct from removing an entire toe. It is typically performed in an operating room or ambulatory surgery setting, with the operative report identifying the toe and the bone removed.

Report the code when the documented procedure matches partial toe-bone excision, not removal of a soft-tissue lesion or complete toe-bone excision. The note should support the indication, site, and extent of bone removal. Medicare assigns a 90-day global period, which includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during that period. When multiple procedures occur in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate; assistant-at-surgery payment is restricted, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Virginia compares for 28153

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28153 runs from $355.62 in Arkansas to $522.56 in San Benito County, CA. Virginia pays $390.47. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28153 in Virginia vs other payment areas
  1. Virginia · this page$390.47
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$447.56+$57.09
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$453.25+$62.78
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$427.62+$37.15
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$416.22+$25.75
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$455.98+$65.51
  7. Alaska · Alaska$472.10+$81.63

Other areas in Virginia first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28153 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$360.44$231.26
ArkansasArkansas$355.62$228.81
ArizonaArizona$388.60$245.55
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$421.33$259.52
Chico, CACalifornia$420.20$258.40
El Centro, CACalifornia$420.26$258.46
Fresno, CACalifornia$420.20$258.40
Hanford, CACalifornia$420.20$258.40

28153 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$355.62

$472.10

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28153 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$472.101
AL$360.441
AR$355.621
AZ$388.601
CA$420.20–$522.5629
CO$414.131
CT$423.691
DC$453.251
DE$394.731
FL$392.97–$427.623
GA$372.43–$405.462
GU$429.381
HI$429.381
IA$368.911
ID$371.131
IL$382.40–$416.224
IN$373.131
KS$367.311
KY$368.311
LA$367.78–$384.622
MA$411.93–$453.162
MD$401.88–$453.253
ME$372.93–$391.672
MI$377.18–$397.532
MN$397.621
MO$361.93–$385.903
MS$358.841
MT$398.451
NC$376.541
ND$391.331
NE$370.781
NH$407.731
NJ$428.75–$449.102
NM$379.101
NV$396.731
NY$381.77–$466.335
OH$375.731
OK$367.701
OR$393.85–$426.522
PA$376.28–$413.792
PR$401.181
RI$408.191
SC$376.721
SD$390.491
TN$369.021
TX$373.99–$412.588
UT$381.491
VA$390.47–$453.252
VI$401.181
VT$389.911
WA$411.12–$462.062
WI$379.131
WV$369.261
WY$395.351

See 28153 in every payment locality

How the 28153 rate is calculated

Each of 28153’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28153

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work3.71

3.71 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense7.86

7.86 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.36

0.36 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

11.9300

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$398.47

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Virginia inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,139

Code
28153
Physician work
3.71
Practice expense
7.86
Malpractice
0.36

GPCI2026.csv

106

Locality
Virginia
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.983
Malpractice
0.706
Office calculation for 28153 in Virginia
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work3.71× 1.0003.7100
Practice expense7.86× 0.9837.7264
Malpractice0.36× 0.7060.2542
Total RVUs11.6905
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Virginia$390.47

Office: (3.71 × 1 + 7.86 × 0.983 + 0.36 × 0.706) × $33.4009 = $390.47

Facility: (3.71 × 1 + 3.44 × 0.983 + 0.36 × 0.706) × $33.4009 = $245.35

Open 28153 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28153

28153 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28153

Toe bone removal, partial excision

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28153

Toe bone removal, partial excision

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28153 without 51 · national office

$398.47

Toe bone removal, partial excision

28153-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$199.24

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

Codes related to 28153

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 28153
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Virginia
Same family
28124Toe bone excision, partial phalanx excisionRelated partial toe-bone excision code; compare the documented procedure with each code's descriptor.$464.65
28126Toe bone excision, complete phalanx removalAnother partial toe-bone excision code; select according to the specific procedure performed.$379.04
28160Toe bone excision, joint or partial phalanxRelated toe-bone removal code; distinguish it by the procedure documented.$398.45
Used instead
28150Toe amputation, at the MTP jointFor complete excision of a toe phalanx rather than partial bone removal.$405.49

How 28153 has changed in Virginia

28153 · Office / nonfacility

$390.47

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $8.19 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $382.28 to $390.47 (2.1%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $382.28changed to$390.47

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 3.80 changed to 3.71
    • Practice expense RVU 7.88 changed to 7.86
    • Malpractice RVU 0.34 changed to 0.36
    • Work GPCI 1.002 changed to 1.000
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.984 changed to 0.983
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.755 changed to 0.706

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $397.58changed to$382.28

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 8.00 changed to 7.88
    • Malpractice RVU 0.35 changed to 0.34

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $391.09changed to$397.58

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $403.60changed to$391.09

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 7.90 changed to 8.00
    • Work GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.002
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.990 changed to 0.984
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.826 changed to 0.755

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $413.98changed to$403.60

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 7.87 changed to 7.90
    • Malpractice RVU 0.37 changed to 0.35
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.995 changed to 0.990
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.897 changed to 0.826

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $421.96changed to$413.98

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 8.01 changed to 7.87
    • Malpractice RVU 0.36 changed to 0.37

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $426.38changed to$421.96

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 7.75 changed to 8.01
    • Malpractice RVU 0.37 changed to 0.36
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.991 changed to 0.995
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.903 changed to 0.897

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $425.95changed to$426.38

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 7.82 changed to 7.75
    • Malpractice RVU 0.34 changed to 0.37
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.986 changed to 0.991
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.908 changed to 0.903

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $425.16changed to$425.95

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Malpractice RVU 0.33 changed to 0.34

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $420.25changed to$425.16

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 7.74 changed to 7.82
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.985 changed to 0.986
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.866 changed to 0.908

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $418.56changed to$420.25

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 7.75 changed to 7.74
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.983 changed to 0.985
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.824 changed to 0.866

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $421.37changed to$418.56

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 7.77 changed to 7.75
    • Malpractice RVU 0.35 changed to 0.33

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $419.27changed to$421.37

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $415.50changed to$419.27

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 7.68 changed to 7.77
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.980 changed to 0.983
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.778 changed to 0.824

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $421.70changed to$415.50

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 8.52 changed to 7.68
    • Malpractice RVU 0.37 changed to 0.35
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.977 changed to 0.980
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.731 changed to 0.778

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $421.70

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$390.47$245.35RVU26D
2026-07-01$390.47$245.35RVU26C
2026-04-01$390.47$245.35RVU26B
2026-01-01$390.47$245.35RVU26A
2025-10-01$382.28$255.92RVU25D
2025-07-01$382.28$255.92RVU25C
2025-04-01$382.28$255.92RVU25B
2025-01-01$382.28$255.92RVU25A
2024-10-01$397.58$261.98RVU24D
2024-07-01$397.58$261.98RVU24C
2024-04-01$397.58$261.98RVU24B
2024-03-09$397.58$261.98RVU24AR
2024-01-01$391.09$257.70RVU24A
2023-10-01$403.60$263.03RVU23D
2023-07-01$403.60$263.03RVU23C
2023-04-01$403.60$263.03RVU23B
2023-01-01$403.60$263.03RVU23A
2022-10-01$413.98$266.95RVU22D
2022-07-01$413.98$266.95RVU22C
2022-04-01$413.98$266.95RVU22B
2022-01-01$413.98$266.95RVU22A
2021-10-01$421.96$266.77RVU21D
2021-07-01$421.96$266.77RVU21C
2021-04-01$421.96$266.77RVU21B
2021-01-01$421.96$266.77RVU21A
2020-10-01$426.38$273.30RVU20D
2020-07-01$426.38$273.30RVU20C
2020-04-01$426.38$273.30RVU20B
2020-01-01$426.38$273.30RVU20A
2019-10-01$425.95$272.09RVU19D
2019-07-01$425.95$272.09RVU19C
2019-04-01$425.95$272.09RVU19B
2019-01-01$425.95$272.09RVU19A
2018-10-01$425.16$271.47RVU18D
2018-07-01$425.16$271.47RVU18C
2018-04-01$425.16$271.47RVU18B
2018-01-01$425.16$271.47RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$420.25$268.59RVU17D
2017-07-01$420.25$268.59RVU17C
2017-04-01$420.25$268.59RVU17B
2017-01-01$420.25$268.59RVU17A
2016-10-01$418.56$267.22RVU16D
2016-07-01$418.56$267.22RVU16C
2016-04-01$418.56$267.22RVU16B
2016-01-01$418.56$267.22RVU16A
2015-10-01$421.37$268.77RVU15D
2015-07-01$421.37$268.77RVU15C
2015-04-01$419.27$267.44RVU15B
2015-01-01$419.27$267.44RVU15A
2014-10-01$415.50$266.65RVU14D
2014-07-01$415.50$266.65RVU14C
2014-04-01$415.50$266.65RVU14B
2014-01-01$415.50$266.65RVU14A
2013-10-01$421.70$264.14RVU13D
2013-07-01$421.70$264.14RVU13C
2013-04-01$421.70$264.14RVU13B
2013-01-01$421.70$264.14RVU13AR

Price 28153 for an earlier date of service

Where the Virginia rate applies

Virginia is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 628 cities and communities in Virginia. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Abbs Valley
  • Abingdon
  • Accomac
  • Adwolf
  • Afton
  • Alberta
  • Aldie
  • Allison Gap

Browse all communities in Virginia

28153 billing questions

How is this different from complete toe-bone removal?

This code represents partial removal, with bone remaining in the toe. Use a complete-excision code when the operative report documents removal of the entire specified bone.

What documentation supports reporting this code?

Document the toe and bone treated, the reason for surgery, and the extent of bone removed. The operative report should make clear that the excision was partial.

Can modifier 50 be used for both feet?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code. The descriptor or anatomy does not support modifier 50.

How does the 90-day global period affect follow-up visits?

The day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the 90-day period are included in the global surgery package.

Can an assistant surgeon or co-surgeon be reported?

Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

What happens when another procedure is performed in the same session?

The highest-valued procedure is paid in full, and other procedures in that session are subject to the standard multiple-procedure reduction.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28153PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,139 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for VirginiaGPCI2026.csv, line 106 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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