CPT code 28270: Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each joint2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota

Reports release of a contracted midfoot joint capsule, with or without tendon repair, when surgery addresses restricted motion at that joint.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality17.4K Medicare services in 2024

In South Dakota, Medicare pays $477.57 for 28270 in the office and $306.89 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$477.57Office (non-facility)
$306.89Hospital or facility
−2.3%vs the national office rate ($488.66)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28270 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28270 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in South Dakota
  2. What 28270 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28270 covers

The service releases a contracted capsule at a midfoot joint to improve motion or correct deformity. The surgeon may repair a tendon as part of the procedure. Podiatrists and orthopedic foot and ankle surgeons commonly perform it for a fixed joint contracture that requires operative correction, rather than a contracture treated by tendon release alone.

Report the code for each midfoot joint treated, and document the affected joint, side, contracture, and operative release; include any tendon repair performed. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and the others at 50%. For bilateral surgery, modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How South Dakota compares for 28270

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28270 runs from $436.66 in Arkansas to $636.17 in San Benito County, CA. South Dakota pays $477.57. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28270 in South Dakota vs other payment areas
  1. South Dakota · this page$477.57
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$546.60+$69.03
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$554.63+$77.06
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$526.95+$49.38
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$512.96+$35.39
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$559.15+$81.58
  7. Alaska · Alaska$581.72+$104.15

Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28270 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$442.50$293.15
ArkansasArkansas$436.66$290.05
ArizonaArizona$476.60$311.21
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$515.06$328.00
Chico, CACalifornia$513.52$326.46
El Centro, CACalifornia$513.61$326.54
Fresno, CACalifornia$513.52$326.46
Hanford, CACalifornia$513.52$326.46

28270 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$436.66

$581.72

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28270 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$581.721
AL$442.501
AR$436.661
AZ$476.601
CA$513.52–$636.1729
CO$506.851
CT$519.351
DC$554.631
DE$484.041
FL$483.36–$526.953
GA$458.24–$497.472
GU$524.271
HI$524.271
IA$452.121
ID$454.951
IL$470.97–$512.964
IN$457.351
KS$450.491
KY$452.681
LA$452.15–$472.562
MA$504.33–$553.802
MD$492.63–$554.633
ME$457.44–$479.692
MI$463.73–$489.222
MN$485.931
MO$445.26–$473.753
MS$441.031
MT$488.621
NC$461.771
ND$478.741
NE$454.301
NH$499.331
NJ$525.34–$549.722
NM$466.171
NV$486.181
NY$468.13–$572.085
OH$461.711
OK$451.621
OR$482.45–$521.502
PA$462.21–$507.532
PR$491.831
RI$500.181
SC$462.491
SD$477.571
TN$452.591
TX$459.45–$505.138
UT$468.271
VA$478.45–$554.632
VI$491.831
VT$477.291
WA$503.25–$564.302
WI$464.021
WV$455.071
WY$484.311

See 28270 in every payment locality

How the 28270 rate is calculated

Each of 28270’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28270

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work4.81

4.81 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense9.32

9.32 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.50

0.50 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

14.6300

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$488.66

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,165

Code
28270
Physician work
4.81
Practice expense
9.32
Malpractice
0.50

GPCI2026.csv

94

Locality
South Dakota
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.000
Malpractice
0.336
Office calculation for 28270 in South Dakota
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work4.81× 1.0004.8100
Practice expense9.32× 1.0009.3200
Malpractice0.50× 0.3360.1680
Total RVUs14.2980
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, South Dakota$477.57

Office: (4.81 × 1 + 9.32 × 1 + 0.5 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $477.57

Facility: (4.81 × 1 + 4.21 × 1 + 0.5 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $306.89

Open 28270 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28270

28270 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28270

Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each joint

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28270

Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each joint

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28270 without 50 · national office

$488.66

Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each joint

28270-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$732.99

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

How 28270 has changed in South Dakota

28270 · Office / nonfacility

$477.57

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $15.95 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $461.62 to $477.57 (3.5%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $461.62changed to$477.57

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 4.93 changed to 4.81
    • Practice expense RVU 9.15 changed to 9.32
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.382 changed to 0.336

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $476.25changed to$461.62

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 9.19 changed to 9.15
    • Malpractice RVU 0.49 changed to 0.50

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $468.48changed to$476.25

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $479.45changed to$468.48

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 9.04 changed to 9.19
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.364 changed to 0.382
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $486.34changed to$479.45

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 8.95 changed to 9.04
    • Malpractice RVU 0.50 changed to 0.49
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.347 changed to 0.364

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $496.41changed to$486.34

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 9.13 changed to 8.95
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.50

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $501.20changed to$496.41

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 8.77 changed to 9.13
    • Malpractice RVU 0.51 changed to 0.48
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.368 changed to 0.347

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $503.93changed to$501.20

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 8.87 changed to 8.77
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.51
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.389 changed to 0.368

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $503.52changed to$503.93

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.47

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $500.27changed to$503.52

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 8.82 changed to 8.87
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.395 changed to 0.389

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $497.97changed to$500.27

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 8.79 changed to 8.82
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.48
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.400 changed to 0.395

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $500.77changed to$497.97

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 8.81 changed to 8.79
    • Malpractice RVU 0.49 changed to 0.47

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $498.28changed to$500.77

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $494.34changed to$498.28

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 8.67 changed to 8.81
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.49
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.400

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $501.36changed to$494.34

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 9.59 changed to 8.67
    • Malpractice RVU 0.50 changed to 0.48
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.432 changed to 0.416

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $501.36

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$477.57$306.89RVU26D
2026-07-01$477.57$306.89RVU26C
2026-04-01$477.57$306.89RVU26B
2026-01-01$477.57$306.89RVU26A
2025-10-01$461.62$321.23RVU25D
2025-07-01$461.62$321.23RVU25C
2025-04-01$461.62$321.23RVU25B
2025-01-01$461.62$321.23RVU25A
2024-10-01$476.25$327.12RVU24D
2024-07-01$476.25$327.12RVU24C
2024-04-01$476.25$327.12RVU24B
2024-03-09$476.25$327.12RVU24AR
2024-01-01$468.48$321.78RVU24A
2023-10-01$479.45$326.96RVU23D
2023-07-01$479.45$326.96RVU23C
2023-04-01$479.45$326.96RVU23B
2023-01-01$479.45$326.96RVU23A
2022-10-01$486.34$327.84RVU22D
2022-07-01$486.34$327.84RVU22C
2022-04-01$486.34$327.84RVU22B
2022-01-01$486.34$327.84RVU22A
2021-10-01$496.41$329.27RVU21D
2021-07-01$496.41$329.27RVU21C
2021-04-01$496.41$329.27RVU21B
2021-01-01$496.41$329.27RVU21A
2020-10-01$501.20$336.27RVU20D
2020-07-01$501.20$336.27RVU20C
2020-04-01$501.20$336.27RVU20B
2020-01-01$501.20$336.27RVU20A
2019-10-01$503.93$337.07RVU19D
2019-07-01$503.93$337.07RVU19C
2019-04-01$503.93$337.07RVU19B
2019-01-01$503.93$337.07RVU19A
2018-10-01$503.52$336.48RVU18D
2018-07-01$503.52$336.48RVU18C
2018-04-01$503.52$336.48RVU18B
2018-01-01$503.52$336.48RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$500.27$335.19RVU17D
2017-07-01$500.27$335.19RVU17C
2017-04-01$500.27$335.19RVU17B
2017-01-01$500.27$335.19RVU17A
2016-10-01$497.97$333.62RVU16D
2016-07-01$497.97$333.62RVU16C
2016-04-01$497.97$333.62RVU16B
2016-01-01$497.97$333.62RVU16A
2015-10-01$500.77$334.40RVU15D
2015-07-01$500.77$334.40RVU15C
2015-04-01$498.28$332.73RVU15B
2015-01-01$498.28$332.73RVU15A
2014-10-01$494.34$332.78RVU14D
2014-07-01$494.34$332.78RVU14C
2014-04-01$494.34$332.78RVU14B
2014-01-01$494.34$332.78RVU14A
2013-10-01$501.36$329.89RVU13D
2013-07-01$501.36$329.89RVU13C
2013-04-01$501.36$329.89RVU13B
2013-01-01$501.36$329.89RVU13AR

Price 28270 for an earlier date of service

Where the South Dakota rate applies

South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aberdeen
  • Agar
  • Agency Village
  • Akaska
  • Albee
  • Alcester
  • Alexandria
  • Allen

Browse all communities in South Dakota

28270 billing questions

When is 28270 used instead of 28272?

Use 28270 for a contracted midfoot joint capsule. Code 28272 is for a toe joint capsule.

How are multiple joints reported?

The code is defined for each joint. Document each midfoot joint released and follow applicable claim instructions for reporting multiple units.

Can tendon work be included?

A tendon repair may be performed with the capsular release. If the operative service is a tendon incision or release rather than a joint-capsule release, consider the tendon procedure code that matches the work.

What does the 90-day global period include?

It includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

How is bilateral surgery paid?

CMS identifies this as a bilateral procedure; modifier 50 is paid at 150%.

May an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

An assistant at surgery is not paid for this code. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28270PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,165 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for South DakotaGPCI2026.csv, line 94 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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