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CPT code 28286: Hammertoe repair, with MTP joint release2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Washington, DC area

Reports surgical correction of a hammertoe that includes release of the metatarsophalangeal joint when performed to address associated toe contracture.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality240 Medicare services in 2024

In Washington, DC area, Medicare pays $486.94 for 28286 in the office and $307.52 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$486.94Office (non-facility)
$307.52Hospital or facility
+13.2%vs the national office rate ($430.20)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28286 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28286 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Washington, DC area
  2. What 28286 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28286 covers

A foot and ankle surgeon or podiatrist uses this code for operative correction of a hammertoe that also involves release of the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint when performed. The correction addresses the toe deformity, such as through work at an interphalangeal joint, while the MTP release addresses contracture at the toe’s base. These procedures are commonly performed in an outpatient surgical setting for a painful or function-limiting hammertoe.

Choose this code when the operative report supports hammertoe correction with the MTP release included in the service; use 28285 when the correction does not include MTP release. Document the affected toe, the deformity, and the correction and release performed. CMS assigns a 90-day major-surgery global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. For multiple procedures in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50%. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery payment is restricted, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Washington, DC area compares for 28286

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28286 runs from $386.52 in Arkansas to $557.46 in San Benito County, CA. Washington, DC area pays $486.94. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28286 in Washington, DC area vs other payment areas
  1. Washington, DC area · this page$486.94
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$480.27−$6.67
  3. Miami, FL · Florida$461.45−$25.49
  4. Chicago, IL · Illinois$449.90−$37.04
  5. Manhattan, NY · New York$490.57+$3.63
  6. Alaska · Alaska$517.84+$30.90
  7. Alabama · Alabama$391.42−$95.52

Other areas in District of Columbia first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28286 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
ArkansasArkansas$386.52$255.69
ArizonaArizona$420.10$272.51
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$453.22$286.29
Chico, CACalifornia$451.94$285.01
El Centro, CACalifornia$452.00$285.07
Fresno, CACalifornia$451.94$285.01
Hanford, CACalifornia$451.94$285.01
Madera, CACalifornia$451.94$285.01

28286 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$386.52

$517.84

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28286 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$517.841
AL$391.421
AR$386.521
AZ$420.101
CA$451.94–$557.4629
CO$446.001
CT$456.391
DC$486.941
DE$426.451
FL$425.31–$461.453
GA$404.27–$437.572
GU$460.731
HI$460.731
IA$399.721
ID$402.051
IL$414.77–$449.904
IN$404.071
KS$398.251
KY$399.781
LA$399.30–$416.452
MA$443.92–$486.202
MD$433.80–$486.943
ME$404.04–$422.902
MI$408.97–$430.132
MN$428.451
MO$393.44–$417.563
MS$390.041
MT$430.181
NC$407.701
ND$422.271
NE$401.581
NH$439.351
NJ$461.89–$482.972
NM$410.991
NV$428.241
NY$413.04–$501.315
OH$407.351
OK$398.991
OR$425.18–$458.522
PA$407.83–$446.352
PR$432.911
RI$440.371
SC$408.151
SD$421.331
TN$400.011
TX$405.51–$444.298
UT$413.011
VA$421.79–$486.942
VI$432.911
VT$420.961
WA$442.98–$495.312
WI$409.881
WV$401.401
WY$426.731

See 28286 in every payment locality

How the 28286 rate is calculated

Each of 28286’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28286

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work4.58

4.58 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense7.90

7.90 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.40

0.40 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

12.8800

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$430.20

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Washington, DC area inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,169

Code
28286
Physician work
4.58
Practice expense
7.90
Malpractice
0.40

GPCI2026.csv

39

Locality
Washington, DC area
Physician work
1.054
Practice expense
1.178
Malpractice
1.113
Office calculation for 28286 in Washington, DC area
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work4.58× 1.0544.8273
Practice expense7.90× 1.1789.3062
Malpractice0.40× 1.1130.4452
Total RVUs14.5787
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Washington, DC area$486.94

Office: (4.58 × 1.054 + 7.9 × 1.178 + 0.4 × 1.113) × $33.4009 = $486.94

Facility: (4.58 × 1.054 + 3.34 × 1.178 + 0.4 × 1.113) × $33.4009 = $307.52

Open 28286 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28286

28286 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28286

Hammertoe repair, with MTP joint release

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28286

Hammertoe repair, with MTP joint release

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28286 without 50 · national office

$430.20

Hammertoe repair, with MTP joint release

28286-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$645.30

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

Codes related to 28286

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 28286
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Washington, DC area
Same family
28285Hammertoe repair, lesser-toe deformity correctionHammertoe correction without the MTP release included in 28286.$622.02
Used instead
28270Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each jointFor an isolated MTP joint capsulotomy without hammertoe correction.$554.63
28272Toe joint release, interphalangeal joint, eachFor isolated capsulotomy of a toe interphalangeal joint.$427.64

How 28286 has changed in Washington, DC area

28286 · Office / nonfacility

$486.94

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $1.90 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $485.04 to $486.94 (0.4%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $485.04changed to$486.94

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 4.70 changed to 4.58
    • Practice expense RVU 8.03 changed to 7.90
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.40
    • Work GPCI 1.057 changed to 1.054
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.192 changed to 1.178
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.168 changed to 1.113

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $506.29changed to$485.04

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 8.20 changed to 8.03
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.39

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $498.02changed to$506.29

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $513.15changed to$498.02

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 8.00 changed to 8.20
    • Malpractice RVU 0.38 changed to 0.40
    • Work GPCI 1.056 changed to 1.057
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.214 changed to 1.192
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.231 changed to 1.168

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $529.39changed to$513.15

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 7.95 changed to 8.00
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.38
    • Work GPCI 1.054 changed to 1.056
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.236 changed to 1.214
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.294 changed to 1.231

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $537.62changed to$529.39

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 8.06 changed to 7.95
    • Malpractice RVU 0.38 changed to 0.40

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $539.62changed to$537.62

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 7.80 changed to 8.06
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.38
    • Work GPCI 1.049 changed to 1.054
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.221 changed to 1.236
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.277 changed to 1.294

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $537.29changed to$539.62

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 7.93 changed to 7.80
    • Malpractice RVU 0.35 changed to 0.39
    • Work GPCI 1.045 changed to 1.049
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.205 changed to 1.221
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.261 changed to 1.277

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $540.17changed to$537.29

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 8.01 changed to 7.93

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $537.41changed to$540.17

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 7.97 changed to 8.01
    • Work GPCI 1.048 changed to 1.045
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.271 changed to 1.261

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $538.51changed to$537.41

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 8.00 changed to 7.97
    • Malpractice RVU 0.36 changed to 0.35
    • Work GPCI 1.051 changed to 1.048
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.280 changed to 1.271

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $537.43changed to$538.51

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 7.93 changed to 8.00

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $534.75changed to$537.43

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $534.22changed to$534.75

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Malpractice RVU 0.37 changed to 0.36
    • Work GPCI 1.050 changed to 1.051
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.202 changed to 1.205
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.205 changed to 1.280

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $536.53changed to$534.22

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 8.68 changed to 7.93
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.37
    • Work GPCI 1.049 changed to 1.050
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.198 changed to 1.202
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.130 changed to 1.205

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $536.53

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$486.94$307.52RVU26D
2026-07-01$486.94$307.52RVU26C
2026-04-01$486.94$307.52RVU26B
2026-01-01$486.94$307.52RVU26A
2025-10-01$485.04$326.96RVU25D
2025-07-01$485.04$326.96RVU25C
2025-04-01$485.04$326.96RVU25B
2025-01-01$485.04$326.96RVU25A
2024-10-01$506.29$336.46RVU24D
2024-07-01$506.29$336.46RVU24C
2024-04-01$506.29$336.46RVU24B
2024-03-09$506.29$336.46RVU24AR
2024-01-01$498.02$330.97RVU24A
2023-10-01$513.15$337.49RVU23D
2023-07-01$513.15$337.49RVU23C
2023-04-01$513.15$337.49RVU23B
2023-01-01$513.15$337.49RVU23A
2022-10-01$529.39$343.76RVU22D
2022-07-01$529.39$343.76RVU22C
2022-04-01$529.39$343.76RVU22B
2022-01-01$529.39$343.76RVU22A
2021-10-01$537.62$342.68RVU21D
2021-07-01$537.62$342.68RVU21C
2021-04-01$537.62$342.68RVU21B
2021-01-01$537.62$342.68RVU21A
2020-10-01$539.62$348.81RVU20D
2020-07-01$539.62$348.81RVU20C
2020-04-01$539.62$348.81RVU20B
2020-01-01$539.62$348.81RVU20A
2019-10-01$537.29$345.78RVU19D
2019-07-01$537.29$345.78RVU19C
2019-04-01$537.29$345.78RVU19B
2019-01-01$537.29$345.78RVU19A
2018-10-01$540.17$346.70RVU18D
2018-07-01$540.17$346.70RVU18C
2018-04-01$540.17$346.70RVU18B
2018-01-01$540.17$346.70RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$537.41$346.26RVU17D
2017-07-01$537.41$346.26RVU17C
2017-04-01$537.41$346.26RVU17B
2017-01-01$537.41$346.26RVU17A
2016-10-01$538.51$346.95RVU16D
2016-07-01$538.51$346.95RVU16C
2016-04-01$538.51$346.95RVU16B
2016-01-01$538.51$346.95RVU16A
2015-10-01$537.43$346.04RVU15D
2015-07-01$537.43$346.04RVU15C
2015-04-01$534.75$344.32RVU15B
2015-01-01$534.75$344.32RVU15A
2014-10-01$534.22$345.19RVU14D
2014-07-01$534.22$345.19RVU14C
2014-04-01$534.22$345.19RVU14B
2014-01-01$534.22$345.19RVU14A
2013-10-01$536.53$338.85RVU13D
2013-07-01$536.53$338.85RVU13C
2013-04-01$536.53$338.85RVU13B
2013-01-01$536.53$338.85RVU13AR

Price 28286 for an earlier date of service

Where the Washington, DC area rate applies

Washington, DC area is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 1 cities and communities in District of Columbia. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Washington

Browse all communities in District of Columbia

28286 billing questions

How does this code differ from 28285?

Use 28286 for hammertoe correction that includes MTP joint release when performed. Use 28285 for hammertoe correction without that MTP release.

Can the MTP release be reported separately?

The MTP release is part of this hammertoe service when performed. Do not separately report the same release as a standalone service in addition to 28286.

What should the operative note document?

Identify the affected toe and describe the hammertoe correction and MTP release performed. The note should support why the MTP joint required release as part of the correction.

How are bilateral procedures paid?

CMS pays bilateral reporting with modifier 50 at 150%. The code also follows the standard multiple procedure reduction when other procedures are performed in the same session.

Does the global period include postoperative visits?

Yes. The 90-day major-surgery global includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28286PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,169 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Washington, DC areaGPCI2026.csv, line 39 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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