CPT code 28289: Hallux rigidus surgery, without implant2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Madera, CA

Reports operative treatment of hallux rigidus at the first metatarsophalangeal joint using cheilectomy, debridement, and capsular release without an implant.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality6.4K Medicare services in 2024

In Madera, CA, Medicare pays $736.75 for 28289 in the office and $447.55 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$736.75Office (non-facility)
$447.55Hospital or facility
+4.8%vs the national office rate ($702.75)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28289 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28289 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Madera, CA
  2. What 28289 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28289 covers

This operation treats hallux rigidus, a painful, stiff first metatarsophalangeal joint, by removing limiting bone and diseased tissue and releasing the joint capsule. It is typically performed by an orthopedic foot and ankle surgeon or podiatric surgeon in an operating room or ambulatory surgery setting. The defining distinction from the related implant procedure is that no implant is used.

Report the service when the operative note supports the hallux rigidus correction and its components at the first metatarsophalangeal joint. The code has a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. For multiple procedures in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery services may be paid; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Madera, CA compares for 28289

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28289 runs from $625.71 in Arkansas to $913.32 in San Benito County, CA. Madera, CA pays $736.75. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28289 in Madera, CA vs other payment areas
  1. Madera, CA · this page$736.75
  2. Bakersfield, CA · California$739.25+$2.50
  3. Chico, CA · California$736.75
  4. El Centro, CA · California$736.89+$0.14
  5. Fresno, CA · California$736.75
  6. Hanford, CA · California$736.75
  7. Los Angeles, CA · California$784.88+$48.13

Other areas in California first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28289 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
Merced, CACalifornia$736.75$447.55
Modesto, CACalifornia$736.75$447.55
Napa, CACalifornia$846.18$498.41
Oxnard, CACalifornia$780.36$468.46
Redding, CACalifornia$736.75$447.55
Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia$736.75$447.55
Riverside, CACalifornia$745.87$456.67
Sacramento, CACalifornia$771.16$464.29

28289 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$625.71

$831.80

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28289 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$831.801
AL$634.341
AR$625.711
AZ$684.771
CA$736.75–$913.3229
CO$728.101
CT$747.791
DC$798.151
DE$695.651
FL$697.07–$764.103
GA$659.55–$716.272
GU$752.581
HI$752.581
IA$647.591
ID$651.981
IL$679.41–$742.914
IN$655.491
KS$645.651
KY$650.431
LA$649.84–$680.032
MA$724.50–$796.172
MD$708.10–$798.153
ME$656.16–$688.352
MI$667.23–$706.262
MN$696.051
MO$639.94–$681.223
MS$632.891
MT$702.701
NC$662.481
ND$686.091
NE$650.661
NH$717.691
NJ$755.86–$790.812
NM$671.051
NV$698.521
NY$671.93–$826.225
OH$663.841
OK$648.361
OR$692.62–$749.112
PA$664.32–$730.662
PR$707.281
RI$718.841
SC$664.351
SD$684.131
TN$648.821
TX$660.27–$726.108
UT$672.901
VA$686.86–$798.152
VI$707.281
VT$684.401
WA$722.82–$810.992
WI$664.441
WV$655.911
WY$695.461

See 28289 in every payment locality

How the 28289 rate is calculated

Each of 28289’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28289

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work6.73

6.73 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense13.47

13.47 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.84

0.84 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

21.0400

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$702.75

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Madera, CA inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,171

Code
28289
Physician work
6.73
Practice expense
13.47
Malpractice
0.84

GPCI2026.csv

14

Locality
Madera, CA
Physician work
1.017
Practice expense
1.096
Malpractice
0.536
Office calculation for 28289 in Madera, CA
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work6.73× 1.0176.8444
Practice expense13.47× 1.09614.7631
Malpractice0.84× 0.5360.4502
Total RVUs22.0578
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Madera, CA$736.75

Office: (6.73 × 1.017 + 13.47 × 1.096 + 0.84 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $736.75

Facility: (6.73 × 1.017 + 5.57 × 1.096 + 0.84 × 0.536) × $33.4009 = $447.55

Open 28289 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28289

28289 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28289

Hallux rigidus surgery, without implant

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)2Paid.
Co-surgeons (62)1Permitted with supporting documentation.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28289

Hallux rigidus surgery, without implant

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28289 without 50 · national office

$702.75

Hallux rigidus surgery, without implant

28289-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$1,054.13

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

How 28289 has changed in Madera, CA

28289 · Office / nonfacility

$736.75

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $40.04 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $696.71 to $736.75 (5.7%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $696.71changed to$736.75

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 6.90 changed to 6.73
    • Practice expense RVU 12.89 changed to 13.47
    • Malpractice RVU 0.81 changed to 0.84
    • Work GPCI 1.014 changed to 1.017
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.093 changed to 1.096
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.560 changed to 0.536

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $720.07changed to$696.71

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 12.98 changed to 12.89
    • Malpractice RVU 0.80 changed to 0.81

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $708.31changed to$720.07

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $722.99changed to$708.31

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 12.82 changed to 12.98
    • Malpractice RVU 0.79 changed to 0.80
    • Work GPCI 1.021 changed to 1.014
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.079 changed to 1.093
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.579 changed to 0.560
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $727.77changed to$722.99

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 12.65 changed to 12.82
    • Work GPCI 1.027 changed to 1.021
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.065 changed to 1.079
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.597 changed to 0.579

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $752.67changed to$727.77

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 13.18 changed to 12.65
    • Malpractice RVU 0.75 changed to 0.79

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $769.85changed to$752.67

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 12.91 changed to 13.18
    • Malpractice RVU 0.78 changed to 0.75
    • Work GPCI 1.024 changed to 1.027
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.070 changed to 1.065
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.580 changed to 0.597

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $787.88changed to$769.85

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 13.41 changed to 12.91
    • Malpractice RVU 0.75 changed to 0.78
    • Work GPCI 1.020 changed to 1.024
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.074 changed to 1.070
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.562 changed to 0.580

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $805.01changed to$787.88

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 13.87 changed to 13.41
    • Malpractice RVU 0.76 changed to 0.75

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $809.08changed to$805.01

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 13.91 changed to 13.87
    • Malpractice RVU 0.77 changed to 0.76
    • Work GPCI 1.024 changed to 1.020
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.079 changed to 1.074
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.610 changed to 0.562

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    No ratechanged to$809.08

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D, RVU16A, RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$736.75$447.55RVU26D
2026-07-01$736.75$447.55RVU26C
2026-04-01$736.75$447.55RVU26B
2026-01-01$736.75$447.55RVU26A
2025-10-01$696.71$467.61RVU25D
2025-07-01$696.71$467.61RVU25C
2025-04-01$696.71$467.61RVU25B
2025-01-01$696.71$467.61RVU25A
2024-10-01$720.07$476.30RVU24D
2024-07-01$720.07$476.30RVU24C
2024-04-01$720.07$476.30RVU24B
2024-03-09$720.07$476.30RVU24AR
2024-01-01$708.31$468.52RVU24A
2023-10-01$722.99$475.81RVU23D
2023-07-01$722.99$475.81RVU23C
2023-04-01$722.99$475.81RVU23B
2023-01-01$722.99$475.81RVU23A
2022-10-01$727.77$475.31RVU22D
2022-07-01$727.77$475.31RVU22C
2022-04-01$727.77$475.31RVU22B
2022-01-01$727.77$475.31RVU22A
2021-10-01$752.67$475.45RVU21D
2021-07-01$752.67$475.45RVU21C
2021-04-01$752.67$475.45RVU21B
2021-01-01$752.67$475.45RVU21A
2020-10-01$769.85$485.25RVU20D
2020-07-01$769.85$485.25RVU20C
2020-04-01$769.85$485.25RVU20B
2020-01-01$769.85$485.25RVU20A
2019-10-01$787.88$486.75RVU19D
2019-07-01$787.88$486.75RVU19C
2019-04-01$787.88$486.75RVU19B
2019-01-01$787.88$486.75RVU19A
2018-10-01$805.01$487.96RVU18D
2018-07-01$805.01$487.96RVU18C
2018-04-01$805.01$487.96RVU18B
2018-01-01$805.01$487.96RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$809.08$491.55RVU17D
2017-07-01$809.08$491.55RVU17C
2017-04-01$809.08$491.55RVU17B
2017-01-01$809.08$491.55RVU17A
2016-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU16D
2016-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU16C
2016-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU16B
2016-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU16A
2015-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU15D
2015-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU15C
2015-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU15B
2015-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU15A
2014-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU14D
2014-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU14C
2014-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU14B
2014-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU14A
2013-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13D
2013-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13C
2013-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13B
2013-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13AR

Price 28289 for an earlier date of service

Where the Madera, CA rate applies

Madera, CA is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 17 cities and communities in California. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Madera
  • Ahwahnee
  • Bass Lake
  • Bonadelle Ranchos
  • Chowchilla
  • Coarsegold
  • Fairmead
  • La Vina

Browse all communities in California

28289 billing questions

How does this differ from 28291?

Both address hallux rigidus at the first metatarsophalangeal joint. Use 28289 for the correction without an implant; 28291 is the implant procedure.

What should the operative note support?

Document hallux rigidus, the affected first metatarsophalangeal joint, the correction performed, and whether an implant was used. The note should support the reported service rather than only describing a general bunion or toe procedure.

Does the code include postoperative visits?

Yes. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

How is bilateral surgery reported?

When the procedure is performed bilaterally, modifier 50 applies, and CMS pays the bilateral procedure at 150%.

How are other procedures in the same session paid?

Under the standard multiple procedure reduction, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and the other procedures are paid at 50%.

Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

Assistant-at-surgery services may be paid. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28289PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,171 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Madera, CAGPCI2026.csv, line 14 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

Did this answer your question about what 28289 pays in Madera, CA?

Tell us what you were actually trying to work out. We’ll answer you directly, or build the page that does.

Fee sheets · Coming soon

Put 28289 and the rest of your codes on one sheet

Your codes at your locality, with payer contracts beside Medicare.

Join the waitlist