CPT code 28445: Talus fracture surgery, open treatment2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in New Mexico
Reports open surgical treatment of a talus fracture, including reduction and internal fixation when performed, such as for a displaced fracture requiring exposure.
In New Mexico, Medicare pays $964.26 for 28445 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28445 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 28445 covers
An orthopedic surgeon typically reports this service when the talus fracture is treated through an open surgical approach to expose and reduce the fracture. Internal fixation, such as plates or screws, is included when performed. A common setting is an operating room for a displaced talar fracture requiring direct access; the code is specific to fracture treatment of the talus, not a neighboring tarsal bone or an osteochondral graft procedure.
The operative report should identify the talus fracture and document the open approach and reduction; describe fixation when used. This major surgery has a 90-day global period that includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. For bilateral treatment, modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery payment may be available; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How New Mexico compares for 28445
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 28445 runs from $879.09 in Arkansas to $1,215.36 in Alaska. New Mexico pays $964.26. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- New Mexico · this page$964.26
- Los Angeles, CA · California$1,033.88+$69.62
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$1,080.40+$116.14
- Miami, FL · Florida$1,133.46+$169.20
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$1,102.00+$137.74
- Manhattan, NY · New York$1,123.53+$159.27
- Alaska · Alaska$1,215.36+$251.10
Other areas in New Mexico first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $889.75 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $879.09 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $951.46 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $985.28 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $977.94 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $1,080.65 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $1,023.03 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $1,007.43 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $1,012.03 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $1,007.98 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $1,021.72 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $1,126.58 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $1,123.42 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $1,153.27 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $1,140.36 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $993.39 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $1,023.57 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $1,009.03 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $1,033.00 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $1,076.10 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $977.48 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $985.82 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $1,034.57 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $965.06 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $1,056.15 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $1,006.73 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $1,002.43 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $954.17 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $987.92 |
| IowaIowa | — | $888.86 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $897.77 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $1,040.86 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $996.39 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $1,061.58 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $901.57 |
| KansasKansas | — | $894.72 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $927.34 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $967.10 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $929.85 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $1,058.94 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $985.29 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $1,033.54 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $978.27 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $911.60 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $938.71 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $1,027.05 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $956.09 |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | — | $921.67 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $951.60 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $958.73 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $922.82 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $900.63 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $976.12 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $917.99 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $921.15 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $890.06 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $979.87 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $1,074.18 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $1,039.90 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $961.17 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $1,158.69 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $1,054.07 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $1,117.56 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $930.23 |
| OhioOhio | — | $944.85 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $916.00 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $1,001.83 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $947.25 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $1,018.64 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $940.85 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | — | $978.99 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $988.25 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $934.25 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | — | $914.65 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $899.64 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $988.21 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $936.41 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $956.66 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $966.26 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $963.77 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $961.85 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $1,012.74 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $948.43 |
| UtahUtah | — | $944.63 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $942.72 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $978.99 |
| VermontVermont | — | $926.74 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $980.40 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $1,068.99 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $896.51 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $967.85 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $952.17 |
28445 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 28445 rate is calculated
Each of 28445’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 28445
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work15.37
15.37 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense11.08
11.08 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice2.78
2.78 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
29.2300
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$976.31
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact New Mexico inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,206
- Code
- 28445
- Physician work
- 15.37
- Practice expense
- 11.08
- Malpractice
- 2.78
GPCI2026.csv
77
- Locality
- New Mexico
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 0.917
- Malpractice
- 1.201
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 15.37 | × 1.000 | 15.3700 |
| Practice expense | 11.08 | × 0.917 | 10.1604 |
| Malpractice | 2.78 | × 1.201 | 3.3388 |
| Total RVUs | 28.8691 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, New Mexico$964.26
Facility: (15.37 × 1 + 11.08 × 0.917 + 2.78 × 1.201) × $33.4009 = $964.26
Payment rules and modifiers for 28445
28445 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.
CMS payment indicators · 28445
Talus fracture surgery, open treatment
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 090 | Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included. |
| Multiple procedures | 2 | Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 1 | Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 2 | Paid. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 1 | Permitted with supporting documentation. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
| Split (54/55/56) | 0.10/0.69/0.21 | Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care. |
Global surgery period · 28445
Talus fracture surgery, open treatment
90-day global period ends
Dec 30, 2026
Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).
Visit on Oct 31, 2026
Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.
Pre-op dayGlobal period
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 50 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
28445 without 50 · national facility
$976.31
Talus fracture surgery, open treatment
28445-50 · Bilateral: 150%
$1,464.47
Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).
How 28445 has changed in New Mexico
28445 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $964.26 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $964.26 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $964.26 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $964.26 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,003.98 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,003.98 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,003.98 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,003.98 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,030.21 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,030.21 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,030.21 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $1,030.21 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,013.40 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,027.66 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,027.66 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,027.66 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,027.66 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,018.98 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,018.98 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,018.98 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,018.98 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,025.11 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,025.11 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,025.11 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,025.11 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,059.98 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,059.98 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,059.98 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,059.98 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,080.49 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,080.49 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,080.49 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,080.49 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.73 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.73 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.73 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.73 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.21 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.21 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.21 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,083.21 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,076.23 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,076.23 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,076.23 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,076.23 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,088.00 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,088.00 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,082.59 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,082.59 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,061.02 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,061.02 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,061.02 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,061.02 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,040.32 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,040.32 | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,040.32 | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $1,040.32 | RVU13AR |
Where the New Mexico rate applies
New Mexico is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 528 cities and communities in New Mexico. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Abeytas
- Abiquiu
- Acomita Lake
- Adelino
- Agua Fria
- Alamillo
- Alamo
- Alamogordo
28445 billing questions
How does 28445 differ from percutaneous talus fixation?
Use 28445 when the fracture is treated through an open approach. Code 28436 describes percutaneous skeletal fixation rather than open treatment.
Is internal fixation separately reported with 28445?
No separate fracture-treatment code is needed for internal fixation when it is performed as part of the open treatment; fixation is included in 28445.
When is modifier 50 appropriate?
For bilateral talus fracture treatment, CMS lists modifier 50 payment at 150%. The operative documentation should support treatment of both sides.
Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?
Assistant-at-surgery payment may be made. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.
What documentation supports choosing 28445 over closed treatment?
Document the talus fracture, open surgical approach, and fracture reduction. For 28445, the record should support open treatment rather than closed management or percutaneous fixation.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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