CPT code 31513: Vocal-fold injection, indirect approach2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Iowa

Reports therapeutic injection into a vocal fold under indirect laryngoscopic visualization, commonly to improve glottic closure in vocal-fold paralysis or atrophy.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality104 Medicare services in 2024

In Iowa, Medicare pays $104.71 for 31513 in a facility. There’s no office rate.

Not available in this settingOffice (non-facility)
$104.71Hospital or facility

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 31513 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 31513 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Iowa
  2. What 31513 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 31513 covers

An otolaryngologist uses indirect laryngoscopic visualization while injecting material into a vocal fold to improve closure and voice function. Common clinical reasons include vocal-fold paralysis or atrophy causing glottic insufficiency. The service may be performed in an office or facility; the record should identify the indication, injection site and approach, and the material used when known.

Select this code when the therapeutic injection is performed with an indirect approach, rather than direct laryngoscopy. Document the treatment and visualization performed; diagnostic visualization alone does not support the injection service. The procedure has a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When related endoscopies are performed together, endoscopy family pricing applies. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. An assistant at surgery is paid only when medical necessity is documented; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Iowa compares for 31513

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 31513 runs from $103.87 in Arkansas to $145.75 in Alaska. Iowa pays $104.71. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

31513 in Iowa vs other payment areas
  1. Iowa · this page$104.71
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$119.59+$14.88
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$124.66+$19.95
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$129.82+$25.11
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$126.76+$22.05
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$129.36+$24.65
  7. Alaska · Alaska$145.75+$41.04

Other areas in Iowa first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

31513 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama—$104.93
ArkansasArkansas—$103.87
ArizonaArizona—$111.07
Bakersfield, CACalifornia—$114.48
Chico, CACalifornia—$113.63
El Centro, CACalifornia—$113.68
Fresno, CACalifornia—$113.63
Hanford, CACalifornia—$113.63

31513 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

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Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

View every state and territory as a table
31513 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AKNo published base rate1
ALNo published base rate1
ARNo published base rate1
AZNo published base rate1
CANo published base rate29
CONo published base rate1
CTNo published base rate1
DCNo published base rate1
DENo published base rate1
FLNo published base rate3
GANo published base rate2
GUNo published base rate1
HINo published base rate1
IANo published base rate1
IDNo published base rate1
ILNo published base rate4
INNo published base rate1
KSNo published base rate1
KYNo published base rate1
LANo published base rate2
MANo published base rate2
MDNo published base rate3
MENo published base rate2
MINo published base rate2
MNNo published base rate1
MONo published base rate3
MSNo published base rate1
MTNo published base rate1
NCNo published base rate1
NDNo published base rate1
NENo published base rate1
NHNo published base rate1
NJNo published base rate2
NMNo published base rate1
NVNo published base rate1
NYNo published base rate5
OHNo published base rate1
OKNo published base rate1
ORNo published base rate2
PANo published base rate2
PRNo published base rate1
RINo published base rate1
SCNo published base rate1
SDNo published base rate1
TNNo published base rate1
TXNo published base rate8
UTNo published base rate1
VANo published base rate2
VINo published base rate1
VTNo published base rate1
WANo published base rate2
WINo published base rate1
WVNo published base rate1
WYNo published base rate1

See 31513 in every payment locality

How the 31513 rate is calculated

Each of 31513’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 31513

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work2.05

2.05 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense1.06

1.06 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.29

0.29 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

3.4000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$113.56

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Iowa inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,580

Code
31513
Physician work
2.05
Practice expense
1.06
Malpractice
0.29

GPCI2026.csv

53

Locality
Iowa
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.915
Malpractice
0.397
Facility calculation for 31513 in Iowa
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work2.05× 1.0002.0500
Practice expense1.06× 0.9150.9699
Malpractice0.29× 0.3970.1151
Total RVUs3.1350
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Facility rate, Iowa$104.71

Facility: (2.05 × 1 + 1.06 × 0.915 + 0.29 × 0.397) × $33.4009 = $104.71

Open 31513 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 31513

The CMS indicators that decide how 31513 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 31513

Vocal-fold injection, indirect approach

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures3Endoscopy family rules apply.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

31513 without 51 · national facility

$113.56

Vocal-fold injection, indirect approach

31513-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$56.78

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 31513 has changed in Iowa

31513 · Office / nonfacility

Rate unavailable

Effective 2026-10-01

A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01Not available in this setting$104.71RVU26D
2026-07-01Not available in this setting$104.71RVU26C
2026-04-01Not available in this setting$104.71RVU26B
2026-01-01Not available in this setting$104.71RVU26A
2025-10-01Not available in this setting$117.99RVU25D
2025-07-01Not available in this setting$117.99RVU25C
2025-04-01Not available in this setting$117.99RVU25B
2025-01-01Not available in this setting$117.99RVU25A
2024-10-01Not available in this setting$120.81RVU24D
2024-07-01Not available in this setting$120.81RVU24C
2024-04-01Not available in this setting$120.81RVU24B
2024-03-09Not available in this setting$120.81RVU24AR
2024-01-01Not available in this setting$118.84RVU24A
2023-10-01Not available in this setting$121.75RVU23D
2023-07-01Not available in this setting$121.75RVU23C
2023-04-01Not available in this setting$121.75RVU23B
2023-01-01Not available in this setting$121.75RVU23A
2022-10-01Not available in this setting$121.82RVU22D
2022-07-01Not available in this setting$121.82RVU22C
2022-04-01Not available in this setting$121.82RVU22B
2022-01-01Not available in this setting$121.82RVU22A
2021-10-01Not available in this setting$121.72RVU21D
2021-07-01Not available in this setting$121.72RVU21C
2021-04-01Not available in this setting$121.72RVU21B
2021-01-01Not available in this setting$121.72RVU21A
2020-10-01Not available in this setting$123.94RVU20D
2020-07-01Not available in this setting$123.94RVU20C
2020-04-01Not available in this setting$123.94RVU20B
2020-01-01Not available in this setting$123.94RVU20A
2019-10-01Not available in this setting$124.54RVU19D
2019-07-01Not available in this setting$124.54RVU19C
2019-04-01Not available in this setting$124.54RVU19B
2019-01-01Not available in this setting$124.54RVU19A
2018-10-01Not available in this setting$123.92RVU18D
2018-07-01Not available in this setting$123.92RVU18C
2018-04-01Not available in this setting$123.92RVU18B
2018-01-01Not available in this setting$123.92RVU18AR1
2017-10-01Not available in this setting$125.46RVU17D
2017-07-01Not available in this setting$125.46RVU17C
2017-04-01Not available in this setting$125.46RVU17B
2017-01-01Not available in this setting$125.46RVU17A
2016-10-01Not available in this setting$126.04RVU16D
2016-07-01Not available in this setting$126.04RVU16C
2016-04-01Not available in this setting$126.04RVU16B
2016-01-01Not available in this setting$126.04RVU16A
2015-10-01Not available in this setting$126.53RVU15D
2015-07-01Not available in this setting$126.53RVU15C
2015-04-01Not available in this setting$125.90RVU15B
2015-01-01Not available in this setting$125.90RVU15A
2014-10-01Not available in this setting$126.30RVU14D
2014-07-01Not available in this setting$126.30RVU14C
2014-04-01Not available in this setting$126.30RVU14B
2014-01-01Not available in this setting$126.30RVU14A
2013-10-01Not available in this setting$123.32RVU13D
2013-07-01Not available in this setting$123.32RVU13C
2013-04-01Not available in this setting$123.32RVU13B
2013-01-01Not available in this setting$123.32RVU13AR

Price 31513 for an earlier date of service

Where the Iowa rate applies

Iowa is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 1026 cities and communities in Iowa. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Ackley
  • Ackworth
  • Adair
  • Adel
  • Afton
  • Agency
  • Ainsworth
  • Akron

Browse all communities in Iowa

31513 billing questions

When should this code be chosen instead of 31570?

Use 31513 for vocal-fold injection performed with indirect laryngoscopy. Code 31570 describes injection performed using direct laryngoscopy.

Does bilateral injection require modifier 50?

No. The CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply to this code, and modifier 50 is inappropriate for its descriptor or anatomy.

What documentation supports reporting the injection?

Document the clinical reason for treatment, the vocal-fold site, the injection performed, and the indirect laryngoscopic visualization and approach.

Can a related endoscopy be separately reported at the same session?

When related endoscopies are performed together, CMS endoscopy family pricing applies. Report the services performed, with documentation supporting each service.

Is same-day preoperative or postoperative care separately included?

The 0-day global period includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care in the procedure.

What applies if an assistant or another surgeon participates?

Assistant-at-surgery payment requires documentation of medical necessity. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 31513PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,580 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for IowaGPCI2026.csv, line 53 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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