CPT code 31575: Laryngoscopy, flexible, diagnostic2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota

Report this service for a flexible-scope examination of the larynx to evaluate symptoms such as hoarseness, voice change, or swallowing difficulty.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality540.3K Medicare services in 2024

In South Dakota, Medicare pays $124.37 for 31575 in the office and $58.24 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$124.37Office (non-facility)
$58.24Hospital or facility
−2.3%vs the national office rate ($127.26)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 31575 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 31575 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in South Dakota
  2. What 31575 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 31575 covers

An otolaryngologist commonly passes a flexible scope through the nose to inspect the larynx and assess structures such as the vocal folds and their movement. In an office or facility setting, the examination may help evaluate hoarseness, voice change, throat symptoms, or swallowing complaints. This code represents diagnostic visualization, not an examination that includes biopsy, lesion removal, or injection treatment.

Document the reason for the examination, the scope examination performed, structures and findings observed, and relevant vocal fold movement. The service has a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When multiple procedures occur in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Do not use modifier 50; CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this service. Assistant-at-surgery payment is restricted, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How South Dakota compares for 31575

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 31575 runs from $112.15 in Arkansas to $169.37 in San Benito County, CA. South Dakota pays $124.37. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

31575 in South Dakota vs other payment areas
  1. South Dakota · this page$124.37
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$143.93+$19.56
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$145.82+$21.45
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$137.68+$13.31
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$133.56+$9.19
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$146.70+$22.33
  7. Alaska · Alaska$146.66+$22.29

Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

31575 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$113.85$55.98
ArkansasArkansas$112.15$55.34
ArizonaArizona$123.77$59.69
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$134.99$62.51
Chico, CACalifornia$134.61$62.13
El Centro, CACalifornia$134.64$62.15
Fresno, CACalifornia$134.61$62.13
Hanford, CACalifornia$134.61$62.13

31575 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$112.15

$151.99

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
31575 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$146.661
AL$113.851
AR$112.151
AZ$123.771
CA$134.61–$169.3729
CO$132.581
CT$135.881
DC$145.821
DE$125.871
FL$125.39–$137.683
GA$118.13–$129.702
GU$138.061
HI$138.061
IA$116.801
ID$117.591
IL$121.68–$133.564
IN$118.301
KS$116.251
KY$116.661
LA$116.47–$122.412
MA$131.75–$145.922
MD$128.31–$145.823
ME$118.24–$124.832
MI$119.80–$127.012
MN$126.871
MO$114.42–$122.843
MS$113.311
MT$127.251
NC$119.511
ND$124.681
NE$117.461
NH$130.491
NJ$137.39–$144.242
NM$120.481
NV$126.621
NY$121.36–$150.375
OH$119.271
OK$116.431
OR$125.60–$136.872
PA$119.46–$132.432
PR$128.211
RI$130.411
SC$119.601
SD$124.371
TN$116.861
TX$118.65–$132.178
UT$121.281
VA$124.41–$145.822
VI$128.211
VT$124.191
WA$131.51–$148.932
WI$120.381
WV$117.051
WY$126.131

See 31575 in every payment locality

How the 31575 rate is calculated

Each of 31575’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 31575

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work0.92

0.92 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense2.76

2.76 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.13

0.13 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

3.8100

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$127.26

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,608

Code
31575
Physician work
0.92
Practice expense
2.76
Malpractice
0.13

GPCI2026.csv

94

Locality
South Dakota
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.000
Malpractice
0.336
Office calculation for 31575 in South Dakota
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work0.92× 1.0000.9200
Practice expense2.76× 1.0002.7600
Malpractice0.13× 0.3360.0437
Total RVUs3.7237
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, South Dakota$124.37

Office: (0.92 × 1 + 2.76 × 1 + 0.13 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $124.37

Facility: (0.92 × 1 + 0.78 × 1 + 0.13 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $58.24

Open 31575 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 31575

The CMS indicators that decide how 31575 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 31575

Laryngoscopy, flexible, diagnostic

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

31575 without 51 · national office

$127.26

Laryngoscopy, flexible, diagnostic

31575-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$63.63

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 31575 has changed in South Dakota

31575 · Office / nonfacility

$124.37

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $3.48 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $120.89 to $124.37 (2.9%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $120.89changed to$124.37

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 0.94 changed to 0.92
    • Practice expense RVU 2.74 changed to 2.76
    • Malpractice RVU 0.15 changed to 0.13
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.382 changed to 0.336

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $126.28changed to$120.89

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 2.80 changed to 2.74
    • Malpractice RVU 0.14 changed to 0.15

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $124.21changed to$126.28

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $129.14changed to$124.21

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 2.82 changed to 2.80
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.364 changed to 0.382
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $130.52changed to$129.14

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 2.79 changed to 2.82
    • Malpractice RVU 0.12 changed to 0.14
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.347 changed to 0.364

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $128.24changed to$130.52

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 2.69 changed to 2.79
    • Malpractice RVU 0.13 changed to 0.12

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $123.22changed to$128.24

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 2.43 changed to 2.69
    • Malpractice RVU 0.12 changed to 0.13
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.368 changed to 0.347

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $116.43changed to$123.22

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 2.24 changed to 2.43
    • Malpractice RVU 0.13 changed to 0.12
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.389 changed to 0.368

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $112.34changed to$116.43

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 2.13 changed to 2.24

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $113.10changed to$112.34

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 2.16 changed to 2.13
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.395 changed to 0.389

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $113.86changed to$113.10

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Work RVU 1.10 changed to 0.94
    • Practice expense RVU 2.02 changed to 2.16
    • Malpractice RVU 0.15 changed to 0.13
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.400 changed to 0.395

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $114.05changed to$113.86

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 2.01 changed to 2.02
    • Malpractice RVU 0.16 changed to 0.15

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $113.49changed to$114.05

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $113.76changed to$113.49

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 2.03 changed to 2.01
    • Malpractice RVU 0.11 changed to 0.16
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.400

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $115.74changed to$113.76

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 2.25 changed to 2.03
    • Malpractice RVU 0.12 changed to 0.11
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.432 changed to 0.416

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $115.74

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$124.37$58.24RVU26D
2026-07-01$124.37$58.24RVU26C
2026-04-01$124.37$58.24RVU26B
2026-01-01$124.37$58.24RVU26A
2025-10-01$120.89$64.61RVU25D
2025-07-01$120.89$64.61RVU25C
2025-04-01$120.89$64.61RVU25B
2025-01-01$120.89$64.61RVU25A
2024-10-01$126.28$65.69RVU24D
2024-07-01$126.28$65.69RVU24C
2024-04-01$126.28$65.69RVU24B
2024-03-09$126.28$65.69RVU24AR
2024-01-01$124.21$64.62RVU24A
2023-10-01$129.14$65.77RVU23D
2023-07-01$129.14$65.77RVU23C
2023-04-01$129.14$65.77RVU23B
2023-01-01$129.14$65.77RVU23A
2022-10-01$130.52$65.46RVU22D
2022-07-01$130.52$65.46RVU22C
2022-04-01$130.52$65.46RVU22B
2022-01-01$130.52$65.46RVU22A
2021-10-01$128.24$64.73RVU21D
2021-07-01$128.24$64.73RVU21C
2021-04-01$128.24$64.73RVU21B
2021-01-01$128.24$64.73RVU21A
2020-10-01$123.22$65.83RVU20D
2020-07-01$123.22$65.83RVU20C
2020-04-01$123.22$65.83RVU20B
2020-01-01$123.22$65.83RVU20A
2019-10-01$116.43$65.97RVU19D
2019-07-01$116.43$65.97RVU19C
2019-04-01$116.43$65.97RVU19B
2019-01-01$116.43$65.97RVU19A
2018-10-01$112.34$65.90RVU18D
2018-07-01$112.34$65.90RVU18C
2018-04-01$112.34$65.90RVU18B
2018-01-01$112.34$65.90RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$113.10$66.80RVU17D
2017-07-01$113.10$66.80RVU17C
2017-04-01$113.10$66.80RVU17B
2017-01-01$113.10$66.80RVU17A
2016-10-01$113.86$75.91RVU16D
2016-07-01$113.86$75.91RVU16C
2016-04-01$113.86$75.91RVU16B
2016-01-01$113.86$75.91RVU16A
2015-10-01$114.05$75.96RVU15D
2015-07-01$114.05$75.96RVU15C
2015-04-01$113.49$75.59RVU15B
2015-01-01$113.49$75.59RVU15A
2014-10-01$113.76$75.79RVU14D
2014-07-01$113.76$75.79RVU14C
2014-04-01$113.76$75.79RVU14B
2014-01-01$113.76$75.79RVU14A
2013-10-01$115.74$75.25RVU13D
2013-07-01$115.74$75.25RVU13C
2013-04-01$115.74$75.25RVU13B
2013-01-01$115.74$75.25RVU13AR

Price 31575 for an earlier date of service

Where the South Dakota rate applies

South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aberdeen
  • Agar
  • Agency Village
  • Akaska
  • Albee
  • Alcester
  • Alexandria
  • Allen

Browse all communities in South Dakota

31575 billing questions

When should 31575 be used instead of 31576?

Use 31575 for flexible-scope diagnostic visualization without biopsy. When the examination includes a biopsy, 31576 describes the biopsy service.

Can 31575 be reported when a lesion is removed?

When the scope examination includes lesion removal, use the code describing that treatment, such as 31578, rather than reporting a diagnostic-only service for the same examination.

What documentation supports 31575?

Record the indication, flexible-scope examination, structures visualized, findings, and relevant vocal fold movement.

Should modifier 50 be appended for both vocal folds?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this service; do not append modifier 50.

How are multiple procedures in the same session paid?

The highest-valued procedure is paid in full, and other procedures performed in the same session are subject to a 50% reduction.

Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

Assistant-at-surgery payment is restricted for 31575. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 31575PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,608 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for South DakotaGPCI2026.csv, line 94 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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