CPT code 31600: Tracheostomy, planned, age two or older2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in New Mexico
Reports planned surgical creation of a tracheal airway for a patient age two or older, rather than an emergency airway procedure.
In New Mexico, Medicare pays $275.72 for 31600 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 31600 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 31600 covers
This service creates an airway through the front of the neck into the trachea and places a tracheostomy tube. It is performed by a surgeon, commonly an otolaryngologist, general surgeon, or thoracic surgeon, in an operating room or another controlled setting. Typical situations include anticipated prolonged ventilatory support, upper-airway obstruction, or airway access needed for planned treatment.
Select this code for a planned procedure in a patient age two or older; the patient’s age and whether the airway was created electively or in an emergency distinguish it from nearby tracheostomy codes. The operative report should support the indication, planned approach, tracheal opening, and tube placement. The 0-day global period includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, Medicare pays the highest-valued procedure in full and reduces the others to 50%. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How New Mexico compares for 31600
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 31600 runs from $246.12 in Wisconsin to $351.36 in Alaska. New Mexico pays $275.72. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- New Mexico · this page$275.72
- Los Angeles, CA · California$278.96+$3.24
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$297.08+$21.36
- Miami, FL · Florida$330.18+$54.46
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$321.05+$45.33
- Manhattan, NY · New York$314.89+$39.17
- Alaska · Alaska$351.36+$75.64
Other areas in New Mexico first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $250.65 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $247.93 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $266.32 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $268.10 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $265.31 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $284.99 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $275.09 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $276.64 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $272.35 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $271.22 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $273.35 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $294.23 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $293.01 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $301.50 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $296.53 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $267.56 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $272.57 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $271.08 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $274.94 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $283.24 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $265.13 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $271.18 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $288.69 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $269.84 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $302.83 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $288.71 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $281.85 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $273.98 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $265.91 |
| IowaIowa | — | $246.87 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $249.87 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $304.94 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $288.43 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $303.60 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $250.73 |
| KansasKansas | — | $250.07 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $263.92 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $274.75 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $265.23 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $287.66 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $271.85 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $288.71 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $272.78 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $255.19 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $259.52 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $295.76 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $272.92 |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | — | $249.70 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $268.95 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $270.58 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $264.50 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $256.05 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $273.15 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $256.54 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $251.99 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $246.64 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $271.07 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $296.09 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $289.12 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $267.31 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $326.10 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $294.23 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $310.88 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $259.78 |
| OhioOhio | — | $268.59 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $259.21 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $273.23 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $262.38 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $285.69 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $266.63 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | — | $273.30 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $274.66 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $263.57 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | — | $249.49 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $251.54 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $272.78 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $265.60 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $266.30 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $269.55 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $269.45 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $268.13 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $287.71 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $266.87 |
| UtahUtah | — | $266.19 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $261.75 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $273.30 |
| VermontVermont | — | $255.00 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $270.02 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $288.54 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $246.12 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $281.23 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $263.93 |
31600 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 31600 rate is calculated
Each of 31600’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 31600
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work5.42
5.42 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense1.69
1.69 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice1.07
1.07 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
8.1800
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$273.22
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact New Mexico inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,620
- Code
- 31600
- Physician work
- 5.42
- Practice expense
- 1.69
- Malpractice
- 1.07
GPCI2026.csv
77
- Locality
- New Mexico
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 0.917
- Malpractice
- 1.201
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 5.42 | × 1.000 | 5.4200 |
| Practice expense | 1.69 | × 0.917 | 1.5497 |
| Malpractice | 1.07 | × 1.201 | 1.2851 |
| Total RVUs | 8.2548 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, New Mexico$275.72
Facility: (5.42 × 1 + 1.69 × 0.917 + 1.07 × 1.201) × $33.4009 = $275.72
Payment rules and modifiers for 31600
The CMS indicators that decide how 31600 is paid alongside other services.
CMS payment indicators · 31600
Tracheostomy, planned, age two or older
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 000 | Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included. |
| Multiple procedures | 2 | Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 0 | The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 1 | Not paid (statutory restriction). |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 51 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
31600 without 51 · national facility
$273.22
Tracheostomy, planned, age two or older
31600-51 · Second procedure: 50%
$136.61
When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).
How 31600 has changed in New Mexico
31600 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $275.72 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $275.72 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $275.72 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $275.72 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $292.11 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $292.11 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $292.11 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $292.11 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $300.66 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $300.66 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $300.66 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $300.66 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $295.75 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $304.99 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $304.99 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $304.99 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $304.99 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $309.51 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $309.51 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $309.51 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $309.51 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $310.32 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $310.32 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $310.32 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $310.32 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $320.68 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $320.68 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $320.68 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $320.68 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $323.79 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $323.79 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $323.79 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $323.79 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $335.70 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $335.70 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $335.70 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $335.70 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $412.73 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $412.73 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $412.73 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $412.73 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $411.39 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $411.39 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $411.39 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $411.39 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $412.04 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $412.04 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $409.99 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $409.99 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $403.26 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $403.26 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $403.26 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $403.26 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $390.18 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $390.18 | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $390.18 | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $390.18 | RVU13AR |
Where the New Mexico rate applies
New Mexico is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 528 cities and communities in New Mexico. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Abeytas
- Abiquiu
- Acomita Lake
- Adelino
- Agua Fria
- Alamillo
- Alamo
- Alamogordo
31600 billing questions
How does this code differ from 31601?
Both describe planned surgical tracheostomy, but 31600 is for patients age two or older. Code 31601 is for patients younger than two.
When should an emergency tracheostomy code be used instead?
Use an emergency code when the airway is created urgently rather than as a planned procedure. Code 31603 describes an emergency tracheostomy through the trachea; 31605 describes an emergency airway through the cricothyroid membrane.
Is the tracheostomy tube placement included?
Yes. Placement of the tube through the surgically created tracheal opening is part of the service.
Can an assistant surgeon be billed for this procedure?
Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for 31600. Co-surgeon and team-surgery billing are also not permitted for this code.
How does the multiple-procedure reduction affect 31600?
When it is performed with other procedures in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and the other procedures are paid at 50%.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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