CPT code 31653: EBUS-guided sampling, three or more stations2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Arkansas

Reports bronchoscopic EBUS-guided needle sampling of three or more mediastinal or hilar lymph node stations or structures, commonly for lung cancer staging.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality20.9K Medicare services in 2024

In Arkansas, Medicare pays $1,219.28 for 31653 in the office and $205.61 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$1,219.28Office (non-facility)
$205.61Hospital or facility
−12.9%vs the national office rate ($1,399.16)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 31653 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 31653 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Arkansas
  2. What 31653 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 31653 covers

A pulmonologist or thoracic surgeon uses a bronchoscope with endobronchial ultrasound to visualize central chest lymph nodes or structures and guide needle sampling. The service is commonly performed to evaluate mediastinal or hilar adenopathy or stage lung cancer, often during a hospital or outpatient bronchoscopy. The code covers sampling at three or more distinct mediastinal and/or hilar stations or structures; repeated needle passes at one station do not by themselves establish the three-station threshold.

Report the code when the procedure documentation identifies at least three sampled stations or structures and supports EBUS-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. Use the one-to-two-station code when fewer stations are sampled. The 0-day global period includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care. When multiple procedures occur in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this service; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Arkansas compares for 31653

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 31653 runs from $1,219.28 in Arkansas to $1,949.70 in San Benito County, CA. Arkansas pays $1,219.28. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

31653 in Arkansas vs other payment areas
  1. Arkansas · this page$1,219.28
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$1,624.11+$404.83
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$1,627.15+$407.87
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$1,473.26+$253.98
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$1,426.73+$207.45
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$1,616.64+$397.36
  7. Alaska · Alaska$1,552.36+$333.08

Other areas in Arkansas first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

31653 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$1,239.62$207.08
ArizonaArizona$1,359.03$215.56
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$1,513.39$220.05
Chico, CACalifornia$1,511.92$218.58
El Centro, CACalifornia$1,512.00$218.66
Fresno, CACalifornia$1,511.92$218.58
Hanford, CACalifornia$1,511.92$218.58
Madera, CACalifornia$1,511.92$218.58

31653 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$1,219.28

$1,730.81

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
31653 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$1,552.361
AL$1,239.621
AR$1,219.281
AZ$1,359.031
CA$1,511.92–$1,949.7029
CO$1,475.861
CT$1,499.771
DC$1,627.151
DE$1,383.721
FL$1,353.30–$1,473.263
GA$1,270.22–$1,422.352
GU$1,559.941
HI$1,559.941
IA$1,285.841
ID$1,293.151
IL$1,301.70–$1,445.404
IN$1,301.901
KS$1,274.081
KY$1,262.211
LA$1,258.00–$1,329.212
MA$1,463.32–$1,641.102
MD$1,414.15–$1,627.153
ME$1,295.49–$1,382.372
MI$1,294.89–$1,367.172
MN$1,423.541
MO$1,230.15–$1,340.553
MS$1,225.241
MT$1,399.131
NC$1,311.641
ND$1,389.841
NE$1,295.321
NH$1,447.301
NJ$1,519.56–$1,605.902
NM$1,300.911
NV$1,397.761
NY$1,333.41–$1,653.885
OH$1,292.991
OK$1,264.931
OR$1,389.61–$1,533.352
PA$1,298.11–$1,455.202
PR$1,412.371
RI$1,440.861
SC$1,303.951
SD$1,388.741
TN$1,280.711
TX$1,288.09–$1,468.568
UT$1,324.251
VA$1,373.78–$1,627.152
VI$1,412.371
VT$1,379.191
WA$1,462.27–$1,681.722
WI$1,336.981
WV$1,245.871
WY$1,395.081

See 31653 in every payment locality

How the 31653 rate is calculated

Each of 31653’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 31653

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work4.84

4.84 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense36.58

36.58 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.47

0.47 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

41.8900

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$1,399.16

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Arkansas inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,658

Code
31653
Physician work
4.84
Practice expense
36.58
Malpractice
0.47

GPCI2026.csv

7

Locality
Arkansas
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.859
Malpractice
0.515
Office calculation for 31653 in Arkansas
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work4.84× 1.0004.8400
Practice expense36.58× 0.85931.4222
Malpractice0.47× 0.5150.2420
Total RVUs36.5043
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Arkansas$1219.28

Office: (4.84 × 1 + 36.58 × 0.859 + 0.47 × 0.515) × $33.4009 = $1219.28

Facility: (4.84 × 1 + 1.25 × 0.859 + 0.47 × 0.515) × $33.4009 = $205.61

Open 31653 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 31653

The CMS indicators that decide how 31653 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 31653

EBUS-guided sampling, three or more stations

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

31653 without 51 · national office

$1,399.16

EBUS-guided sampling, three or more stations

31653-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$699.58

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 31653 has changed in Arkansas

31653 · Office / nonfacility

$1219.28

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $172.42 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $1046.86 to $1219.28 (16.5%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $1046.86changed to$1219.28

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 4.96 changed to 4.84
    • Practice expense RVU 31.57 changed to 36.58
    • Malpractice RVU 0.49 changed to 0.47
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.860 changed to 0.859
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.518 changed to 0.515

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $1120.09changed to$1046.86

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 33.07 changed to 31.57
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.49

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $1101.80changed to$1120.09

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $1152.35changed to$1101.80

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 33.78 changed to 33.07
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.48
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.853 changed to 0.860
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.492 changed to 0.518
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $1222.08changed to$1152.35

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 35.59 changed to 33.78
    • Malpractice RVU 0.45 changed to 0.47
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.847 changed to 0.853
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.465 changed to 0.492

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $1165.42changed to$1222.08

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 33.33 changed to 35.59

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $1030.81changed to$1165.42

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 27.21 changed to 33.33
    • Malpractice RVU 0.44 changed to 0.45
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.859 changed to 0.847
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.521 changed to 0.465

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $920.95changed to$1030.81

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 23.32 changed to 27.21
    • Malpractice RVU 0.45 changed to 0.44
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.872 changed to 0.859
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.576 changed to 0.521

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $802.22changed to$920.95

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 19.57 changed to 23.32

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $793.84changed to$802.22

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 19.43 changed to 19.57
    • Malpractice RVU 0.46 changed to 0.45
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.870 changed to 0.872
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.555 changed to 0.576

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $867.47changed to$793.84

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Work RVU 5.21 changed to 4.96
    • Practice expense RVU 21.64 changed to 19.43
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.46
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.867 changed to 0.870
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.534 changed to 0.555

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    No ratechanged to$867.47

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$1,219.28$205.61RVU26D
2026-07-01$1,219.28$205.61RVU26C
2026-04-01$1,219.28$205.61RVU26B
2026-01-01$1,219.28$205.61RVU26A
2025-10-01$1,046.86$216.77RVU25D
2025-07-01$1,046.86$216.77RVU25C
2025-04-01$1,046.86$216.77RVU25B
2025-01-01$1,046.86$216.77RVU25A
2024-10-01$1,120.09$222.34RVU24D
2024-07-01$1,120.09$222.34RVU24C
2024-04-01$1,120.09$222.34RVU24B
2024-03-09$1,120.09$222.34RVU24AR
2024-01-01$1,101.80$218.71RVU24A
2023-10-01$1,152.35$225.06RVU23D
2023-07-01$1,152.35$225.06RVU23C
2023-04-01$1,152.35$225.06RVU23B
2023-01-01$1,152.35$225.06RVU23A
2022-10-01$1,222.08$230.18RVU22D
2022-07-01$1,222.08$230.18RVU22C
2022-04-01$1,222.08$230.18RVU22B
2022-01-01$1,222.08$230.18RVU22A
2021-10-01$1,165.42$231.80RVU21D
2021-07-01$1,165.42$231.80RVU21C
2021-04-01$1,165.42$231.80RVU21B
2021-01-01$1,165.42$231.80RVU21A
2020-10-01$1,030.81$239.36RVU20D
2020-07-01$1,030.81$239.36RVU20C
2020-04-01$1,030.81$239.36RVU20B
2020-01-01$1,030.81$239.36RVU20A
2019-10-01$920.95$240.58RVU19D
2019-07-01$920.95$240.58RVU19C
2019-04-01$920.95$240.58RVU19B
2019-01-01$920.95$240.58RVU19A
2018-10-01$802.22$240.94RVU18D
2018-07-01$802.22$240.94RVU18C
2018-04-01$802.22$240.94RVU18B
2018-01-01$802.22$240.94RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$793.84$239.94RVU17D
2017-07-01$793.84$239.94RVU17C
2017-04-01$793.84$239.94RVU17B
2017-01-01$793.84$239.94RVU17A
2016-10-01$867.47$250.35RVU16D
2016-07-01$867.47$250.35RVU16C
2016-04-01$867.47$250.35RVU16B
2016-01-01$867.47$250.35RVU16A
2015-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15D
2015-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15C
2015-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15B
2015-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15A
2014-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14D
2014-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14C
2014-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14B
2014-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14A
2013-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13D
2013-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13C
2013-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13B
2013-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13AR

Price 31653 for an earlier date of service

Where the Arkansas rate applies

Arkansas is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 626 cities and communities in Arkansas. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Acorn
  • Adona
  • Alexander
  • Alicia
  • Alix
  • Alleene
  • Allport
  • Alma

Browse all communities in Arkansas

31653 billing questions

How does this differ from the one-to-two-station EBUS code?

This code is selected when EBUS-guided needle sampling covers three or more distinct mediastinal or hilar stations or structures. Use the sibling code for sampling one or two.

Do multiple needle passes at one station count as multiple stations?

No. The threshold is based on the number of distinct stations or structures sampled, not the number of passes.

What should the procedure note identify?

Document EBUS-guided needle sampling and identify each mediastinal or hilar station or structure sampled. The documented targets should support a count of three or more.

Is sampling a peripheral lung lesion reported with this code?

This code describes sampling central mediastinal or hilar nodes or structures. EBUS evaluation of a peripheral lesion is addressed by a different code, and separate reporting depends on the services performed.

How is this code affected when other procedures occur in the same session?

The highest-valued procedure is paid in full, and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple-procedure reduction. Same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included in this code's 0-day global period.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 31653PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,658 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for ArkansasGPCI2026.csv, line 7 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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