CPT code 47539: Biliary stent, new percutaneous access2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Iowa

Reports percutaneous placement of a biliary stent when the service requires creating new access to the bile ducts rather than using existing access.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality105 Medicare services in 2024

In Iowa, Medicare pays $3,641.81 for 47539 in the office and $342.66 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$3,641.81Office (non-facility)
$342.66Hospital or facility
−8.3%vs the national office rate ($3,972.37)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 47539 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 47539 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Iowa
  2. What 47539 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 47539 covers

An interventional radiologist typically uses image guidance to establish percutaneous access to the biliary system and place a stent to relieve an obstructed or narrowed bile duct. This approach may be used for biliary obstruction associated with a stricture or tumor. The defining distinction from 47538 is that this service involves new access, rather than an already established biliary access route. Imaging guidance and related work integral to stent placement are part of the service.

Report 47539 for the stent placement through newly created percutaneous access; documentation should identify the access route and the stent procedure performed. The code has a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When multiple procedures are performed in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code, and co-surgeon and team-surgery reporting are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Iowa compares for 47539

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 47539 runs from $3,441.06 in Arkansas to $5,603.61 in San Benito County, CA. Iowa pays $3,641.81. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

47539 in Iowa vs other payment areas
  1. Iowa · this page$3,641.81
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$4,641.69+$999.88
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$4,641.97+$1,000.16
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$4,172.76+$530.95
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$4,035.46+$393.65
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$4,601.99+$960.18
  7. Alaska · Alaska$4,337.51+$695.70

Other areas in Iowa first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

47539 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$3,501.22$346.30
ArkansasArkansas$3,441.06$343.83
ArizonaArizona$3,854.32$360.47
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$4,315.67$363.91
Chico, CACalifornia$4,312.69$360.92
El Centro, CACalifornia$4,312.86$361.09
Fresno, CACalifornia$4,312.69$360.92
Hanford, CACalifornia$4,312.69$360.92

47539 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$3,441.06

$4,958.15

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
47539 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$4,337.511
AL$3,501.221
AR$3,441.061
AZ$3,854.321
CA$4,312.69–$5,603.6129
CO$4,202.431
CT$4,266.401
DC$4,641.971
DE$3,926.601
FL$3,828.21–$4,172.763
GA$3,584.04–$4,038.342
GU$4,459.101
HI$4,459.101
IA$3,641.811
ID$3,662.591
IL$3,673.05–$4,098.564
IN$3,688.601
KS$3,605.151
KY$3,563.921
LA$3,550.73–$3,761.262
MA$4,163.90–$4,689.372
MD$4,016.36–$4,641.973
ME$3,667.52–$3,927.282
MI$3,658.70–$3,867.152
MN$4,055.071
MO$3,467.20–$3,797.023
MS$3,455.781
MT$3,972.301
NC$3,715.591
ND$3,952.731
NE$3,670.411
NH$4,118.071
NJ$4,323.18–$4,577.272
NM$3,675.701
NV$3,970.501
NY$3,779.83–$4,709.625
OH$3,654.701
OK$3,573.981
OR$3,947.93–$4,374.102
PA$3,670.89–$4,133.712
PR$4,012.071
RI$4,094.811
SC$3,689.681
SD$3,950.411
TN$3,624.511
TX$3,641.13–$4,181.128
UT$3,749.731
VA$3,900.52–$4,641.972
VI$4,012.071
VT$3,919.491
WA$4,161.85–$4,810.112
WI$3,796.001
WV$3,507.901
WY$3,963.771

See 47539 in every payment locality

How the 47539 rate is calculated

Each of 47539’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 47539

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work8.53

8.53 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense109.41

109.41 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.99

0.99 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

118.9300

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$3,972.37

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Iowa inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

5,691

Code
47539
Physician work
8.53
Practice expense
109.41
Malpractice
0.99

GPCI2026.csv

53

Locality
Iowa
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.915
Malpractice
0.397
Office calculation for 47539 in Iowa
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work8.53× 1.0008.5300
Practice expense109.41× 0.915100.1102
Malpractice0.99× 0.3970.3930
Total RVUs109.0332
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Iowa$3641.81

Office: (8.53 × 1 + 109.41 × 0.915 + 0.99 × 0.397) × $33.4009 = $3641.81

Facility: (8.53 × 1 + 1.46 × 0.915 + 0.99 × 0.397) × $33.4009 = $342.66

Open 47539 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 47539

The CMS indicators that decide how 47539 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 47539

Biliary stent, new percutaneous access

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

47539 without 51 · national office

$3,972.37

Biliary stent, new percutaneous access

47539-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$1,986.19

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 47539 has changed in Iowa

47539 · Office / nonfacility

$3641.81

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $137.37 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $3504.44 to $3641.81 (3.9%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $3504.44changed to$3641.81

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 8.75 changed to 8.53
    • Practice expense RVU 108.62 changed to 109.41
    • Malpractice RVU 0.92 changed to 0.99
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.913 changed to 0.915
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.457 changed to 0.397

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $3768.37changed to$3504.44

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 113.94 changed to 108.62
    • Malpractice RVU 0.94 changed to 0.92

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $3706.87changed to$3768.37

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $3939.81changed to$3706.87

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 117.69 changed to 113.94
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.910 changed to 0.913
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.441 changed to 0.457
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $4138.80changed to$3939.81

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 121.81 changed to 117.69
    • Malpractice RVU 0.86 changed to 0.94
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.907 changed to 0.910
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.425 changed to 0.441

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $4390.26changed to$4138.80

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 128.69 changed to 121.81
    • Malpractice RVU 0.82 changed to 0.86

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $4413.97changed to$4390.26

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 124.83 changed to 128.69
    • Malpractice RVU 0.79 changed to 0.82
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.424 changed to 0.425

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $4431.47changed to$4413.97

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 125.56 changed to 124.83
    • Malpractice RVU 0.78 changed to 0.79
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.423 changed to 0.424

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $4459.44changed to$4431.47

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 126.57 changed to 125.56
    • Malpractice RVU 0.77 changed to 0.78

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $4402.59changed to$4459.44

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 125.91 changed to 126.57
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.902 changed to 0.907
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.458 changed to 0.423

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $4510.52changed to$4402.59

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Work RVU 9.00 changed to 8.75
    • Practice expense RVU 130.12 changed to 125.91
    • Malpractice RVU 0.79 changed to 0.77
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.896 changed to 0.902
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.493 changed to 0.458

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    No ratechanged to$4510.52

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$3,641.81$342.66RVU26D
2026-07-01$3,641.81$342.66RVU26C
2026-04-01$3,641.81$342.66RVU26B
2026-01-01$3,641.81$342.66RVU26A
2025-10-01$3,504.44$376.37RVU25D
2025-07-01$3,504.44$376.37RVU25C
2025-04-01$3,504.44$376.37RVU25B
2025-01-01$3,504.44$376.37RVU25A
2024-10-01$3,768.37$386.41RVU24D
2024-07-01$3,768.37$386.41RVU24C
2024-04-01$3,768.37$386.41RVU24B
2024-03-09$3,768.37$386.41RVU24AR
2024-01-01$3,706.87$380.10RVU24A
2023-10-01$3,939.81$393.20RVU23D
2023-07-01$3,939.81$393.20RVU23C
2023-04-01$3,939.81$393.20RVU23B
2023-01-01$3,939.81$393.20RVU23A
2022-10-01$4,138.80$397.06RVU22D
2022-07-01$4,138.80$397.06RVU22C
2022-04-01$4,138.80$397.06RVU22B
2022-01-01$4,138.80$397.06RVU22A
2021-10-01$4,390.26$398.18RVU21D
2021-07-01$4,390.26$398.18RVU21C
2021-04-01$4,390.26$398.18RVU21B
2021-01-01$4,390.26$398.18RVU21A
2020-10-01$4,413.97$418.87RVU20D
2020-07-01$4,413.97$418.87RVU20C
2020-04-01$4,413.97$418.87RVU20B
2020-01-01$4,413.97$418.87RVU20A
2019-10-01$4,431.47$422.03RVU19D
2019-07-01$4,431.47$422.03RVU19C
2019-04-01$4,431.47$422.03RVU19B
2019-01-01$4,431.47$422.03RVU19A
2018-10-01$4,459.44$423.04RVU18D
2018-07-01$4,459.44$423.04RVU18C
2018-04-01$4,459.44$423.04RVU18B
2018-01-01$4,459.44$423.04RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$4,402.59$423.47RVU17D
2017-07-01$4,402.59$423.47RVU17C
2017-04-01$4,402.59$423.47RVU17B
2017-01-01$4,402.59$423.47RVU17A
2016-10-01$4,510.52$436.28RVU16D
2016-07-01$4,510.52$436.28RVU16C
2016-04-01$4,510.52$436.28RVU16B
2016-01-01$4,510.52$436.28RVU16A
2015-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15D
2015-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15C
2015-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15B
2015-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15A
2014-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14D
2014-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14C
2014-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14B
2014-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14A
2013-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13D
2013-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13C
2013-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13B
2013-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13AR

Price 47539 for an earlier date of service

Where the Iowa rate applies

Iowa is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 1026 cities and communities in Iowa. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Ackley
  • Ackworth
  • Adair
  • Adel
  • Afton
  • Agency
  • Ainsworth
  • Akron

Browse all communities in Iowa

47539 billing questions

How does 47539 differ from 47538?

47539 describes biliary stent placement through newly created percutaneous access. Use 47538 when the stent is placed through existing access.

Can diagnostic cholangiography be billed separately?

Diagnostic cholangiography performed as part of the stent-placement service is included. Do not report it separately for that integral work.

When is 47540 reported with 47539?

47540 is the add-on code for each additional biliary stent when applicable. Report it with the appropriate primary stent-placement code, not by itself.

Can modifier 50 be used for bilateral stent placement?

No. The CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply to 47539, and modifier 50 is inappropriate.

What documentation supports 47539?

Document that new percutaneous access was established, the biliary stent placement performed, and the clinical indication, such as biliary obstruction or narrowing.

How does the 0-day global period affect same-day care?

Same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included in the procedure's 0-day global period.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 47539PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 5,691 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for IowaGPCI2026.csv, line 53 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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