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CPT code 54230: Cavernosography, contrast injection2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Puerto Rico

Report this procedure for intracavernosal contrast injection during cavernosography to evaluate corporal venous drainage, including suspected erectile dysfunction from venous leakage.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality28 Medicare services in 2024

In Puerto Rico, Medicare pays $111.14 for 54230 in the office and $73.32 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$111.14Office (non-facility)
$73.32Hospital or facility
+0.5%vs the national office rate ($110.56)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 54230 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 54230 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Puerto Rico
  2. What 54230 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 54230 covers

Code 54230 represents the intracavernosal contrast injection used for cavernosography, an imaging study of the penile corpora and their venous drainage. It is used in diagnostic evaluation of erectile dysfunction when a clinician is investigating possible veno-occlusive dysfunction. A urologist typically performs the injection in coordination with the imaging needed to visualize contrast flow.

Report the procedure when the contrast injection for cavernosography is performed, and document the indication and procedure. Distinguish it from dynamic cavernosometry, which assesses cavernosal pressure and flow. CMS assigns a 0-day global period, so same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and the others at 50%. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for it; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Puerto Rico compares for 54230

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 54230 runs from $99.18 in Arkansas to $139.75 in San Benito County, CA. Puerto Rico pays $111.14. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

54230 in Puerto Rico vs other payment areas
  1. Puerto Rico · this page$111.14
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$121.63+$10.49
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$124.44+$13.30
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$121.74+$10.60
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$118.52+$7.38
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$126.59+$15.45
  7. Alaska · Alaska$133.86+$22.72

Other areas in Puerto Rico first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

54230 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$100.45$67.72
ArkansasArkansas$99.18$67.05
ArizonaArizona$107.84$71.60
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$115.04$74.04
Chico, CACalifornia$114.53$73.53
El Centro, CACalifornia$114.56$73.56
Fresno, CACalifornia$114.53$73.53
Hanford, CACalifornia$114.53$73.53

54230 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$99.18

$133.86

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
54230 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$133.861
AL$100.451
AR$99.181
AZ$107.841
CA$114.53–$139.7529
CO$113.751
CT$117.331
DC$124.441
DE$109.471
FL$110.72–$121.743
GA$105.05–$112.812
GU$116.541
HI$116.541
IA$101.941
ID$102.671
IL$108.44–$118.524
IN$103.181
KS$101.871
KY$103.291
LA$103.29–$107.722
MA$113.34–$123.582
MD$111.26–$124.443
ME$103.52–$107.912
MI$105.97–$112.312
MN$108.331
MO$101.97–$107.633
MS$100.581
MT$110.551
NC$104.411
ND$107.181
NE$102.321
NH$112.351
NJ$118.48–$123.482
NM$106.631
NV$109.671
NY$105.81–$129.785
OH$105.281
OK$102.751
OR$108.63–$116.592
PA$105.23–$114.952
PR$111.141
RI$112.791
SC$105.061
SD$106.791
TN$102.371
TX$104.65–$113.548
UT$106.311
VA$107.85–$124.442
VI$111.141
VT$107.141
WA$113.01–$125.582
WI$104.061
WV$105.001
WY$109.081

See 54230 in every payment locality

How the 54230 rate is calculated

Each of 54230’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 54230

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work1.31

1.31 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense1.83

1.83 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.17

0.17 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

3.3100

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$110.56

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Puerto Rico inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

6,263

Code
54230
Physician work
1.31
Practice expense
1.83
Malpractice
0.17

GPCI2026.csv

91

Locality
Puerto Rico
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.011
Malpractice
0.985
Office calculation for 54230 in Puerto Rico
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.31× 1.0001.3100
Practice expense1.83× 1.0111.8501
Malpractice0.17× 0.9850.1675
Total RVUs3.3276
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Puerto Rico$111.14

Office: (1.31 × 1 + 1.83 × 1.011 + 0.17 × 0.985) × $33.4009 = $111.14

Facility: (1.31 × 1 + 0.71 × 1.011 + 0.17 × 0.985) × $33.4009 = $73.32

Open 54230 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 54230

The CMS indicators that decide how 54230 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 54230

Cavernosography, contrast injection

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

54230 without 51 · national office

$110.56

Cavernosography, contrast injection

54230-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$55.28

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

Codes related to 54230

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 54230
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Puerto Rico
Often billed with
54231Cavernosometry, dynamic hemodynamic studyDynamic pressure-and-flow testing may accompany cavernosography when evaluating suspected corporal venous leakage.$149.66
Used instead
54235Penile injection, pharmacologic agentIntracavernosal pharmacologic injection is distinct from the contrast injection used for cavernosography.$95.35
54240Penile plethysmography, stimulus-response measurementPenile plethysmography evaluates erectile function using a different diagnostic method.$113.83

How 54230 has changed in Puerto Rico

54230 · Office / nonfacility

$111.14

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $6.36 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $104.78 to $111.14 (6.1%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $104.78changed to$111.14

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 1.34 changed to 1.31
    • Practice expense RVU 1.73 changed to 1.83
    • Malpractice RVU 0.16 changed to 0.17
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.007 changed to 1.011
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.982 changed to 0.985

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $107.16changed to$104.78

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 1.71 changed to 1.73

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $105.41changed to$107.16

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $107.44changed to$105.41

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 1.65 changed to 1.71
    • Malpractice RVU 0.17 changed to 0.16
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.008 changed to 1.007
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.984 changed to 0.982

  5. October 1, 2023

    RVU23D

    $107.08changed to$107.44

    • Practice expense GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.008
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.000 changed to 0.984

  6. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $108.33changed to$107.08

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 1.61 changed to 1.65
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.008 changed to 1.000
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.986 changed to 1.000

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C.

  7. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $106.08changed to$108.33

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 1.54 changed to 1.61
    • Malpractice RVU 0.15 changed to 0.17

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  8. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $103.91changed to$106.08

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 1.38 changed to 1.54
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.988 changed to 0.986

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  9. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $101.91changed to$103.91

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 1.33 changed to 1.38
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.007 changed to 1.008
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.990 changed to 0.988

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  10. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $101.80changed to$101.91

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  11. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $90.87changed to$101.80

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 1.28 changed to 1.33
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.856 changed to 1.007
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.642 changed to 0.990

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  12. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $81.61changed to$90.87

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 1.27 changed to 1.28
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.705 changed to 0.856
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.293 changed to 0.642

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  13. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $81.90changed to$81.61

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  14. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $81.50changed to$81.90

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  15. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $80.31changed to$81.50

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 1.26 changed to 1.27
    • Malpractice RVU 0.11 changed to 0.15
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.692 changed to 0.705
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.271 changed to 0.293

    Held through RVU15B.

  16. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $77.52changed to$80.31

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 1.34 changed to 1.26
    • Malpractice RVU 0.12 changed to 0.11
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.678 changed to 0.692
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.249 changed to 0.271

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  17. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $77.52

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$111.14$73.32RVU26D
2026-07-01$111.14$73.32RVU26C
2026-04-01$111.14$73.32RVU26B
2026-01-01$111.14$73.32RVU26A
2025-10-01$104.78$78.07RVU25D
2025-07-01$104.78$78.07RVU25C
2025-04-01$104.78$78.07RVU25B
2025-01-01$104.78$78.07RVU25A
2024-10-01$107.16$79.33RVU24D
2024-07-01$107.16$79.33RVU24C
2024-04-01$107.16$79.33RVU24B
2024-03-09$107.16$79.33RVU24AR
2024-01-01$105.41$78.04RVU24A
2023-10-01$107.44$79.77RVU23D
2023-07-01$107.08$79.63RVU23C
2023-04-01$107.08$79.63RVU23B
2023-01-01$107.08$79.63RVU23A
2022-10-01$108.33$80.43RVU22D
2022-07-01$108.33$80.43RVU22C
2022-04-01$108.33$80.43RVU22B
2022-01-01$108.33$80.43RVU22A
2021-10-01$106.08$80.41RVU21D
2021-07-01$106.08$80.41RVU21C
2021-04-01$106.08$80.41RVU21B
2021-01-01$106.08$80.41RVU21A
2020-10-01$103.91$82.45RVU20D
2020-07-01$103.91$82.45RVU20C
2020-04-01$103.91$82.45RVU20B
2020-01-01$103.91$82.45RVU20A
2019-10-01$101.91$83.04RVU19D
2019-07-01$101.91$83.04RVU19C
2019-04-01$101.91$83.04RVU19B
2019-01-01$101.91$83.04RVU19A
2018-10-01$101.80$83.67RVU18D
2018-07-01$101.80$83.67RVU18C
2018-04-01$101.80$83.67RVU18B
2018-01-01$101.80$83.67RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$90.87$76.43RVU17D
2017-07-01$90.87$76.43RVU17C
2017-04-01$90.87$76.43RVU17B
2017-01-01$90.87$76.43RVU17A
2016-10-01$81.61$69.74RVU16D
2016-07-01$81.61$69.74RVU16C
2016-04-01$81.61$69.74RVU16B
2016-01-01$81.61$69.74RVU16A
2015-10-01$81.90$70.25RVU15D
2015-07-01$81.90$70.25RVU15C
2015-04-01$81.50$69.90RVU15B
2015-01-01$81.50$69.90RVU15A
2014-10-01$80.31$68.90RVU14D
2014-07-01$80.31$68.90RVU14C
2014-04-01$80.31$68.90RVU14B
2014-01-01$80.31$68.90RVU14A
2013-10-01$77.52$66.21RVU13D
2013-07-01$77.52$66.21RVU13C
2013-04-01$77.52$66.21RVU13B
2013-01-01$77.52$66.21RVU13AR

Price 54230 for an earlier date of service

Where the Puerto Rico rate applies

Puerto Rico is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 292 cities and communities in Puerto Rico. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aceitunas
  • Adjuntas
  • Aguada
  • Aguadilla
  • Aguas Buenas
  • Aguas Claras
  • Aguilita
  • Aibonito

Browse all communities in Puerto Rico

54230 billing questions

How is 54230 different from 54231?

54230 covers the contrast injection for cavernosography. Code 54231 describes dynamic cavernosometry, which measures cavernosal pressure and flow.

Can 54230 and 54231 be reported together?

They represent distinct diagnostic services and may be performed during the same evaluation. Report each only when its respective service is performed and documented.

Is 54230 the same as an intracavernosal drug injection?

No. The injection for 54230 is used for contrast imaging; 54235 describes injection of a pharmacologic agent into the corpora cavernosa.

Should modifier 50 be appended for both corpora?

No. The CMS bilateral adjustment is not appropriate for 54230; the code's descriptor or anatomy makes modifier 50 inappropriate.

What same-day care is included?

The 0-day global period includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care. If other procedures are performed in the same session, the standard multiple procedure reduction applies.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 54230PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 6,263 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Puerto RicoGPCI2026.csv, line 91 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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