CPT code 54312: Urethral reconstruction, hypospadias repair2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Minnesota
Reports operative reconstruction of the urethra for hypospadias when the documented repair meets this code’s specific anatomic and procedural criteria.
In Minnesota, Medicare pays $704.05 for 54312 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 54312 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 54312 covers
This code is used for operative urethral reconstruction in a patient with hypospadias, a congenital condition in which the urethral opening is not at the usual position. The surgeon reconstructs the urethral passage and creates or relocates its opening as part of the repair. Pediatric urologists and other surgeons with appropriate reconstructive expertise typically perform these procedures in an operating room, often in a hospital or ambulatory surgery center.
Select this code from the operative report’s documented anatomy, extent of reconstruction, and technique, using the full CPT descriptor to distinguish it from other hypospadias repair codes. Documentation should identify the urethral defect, operative steps, and any associated reconstruction. Medicare assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care. When multiple procedures occur in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple-procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. An assistant at surgery may be paid; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How Minnesota compares for 54312
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 54312 runs from $682.10 in Arkansas to $963.33 in Alaska. Minnesota pays $704.05. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- Minnesota · this page$704.05
- Los Angeles, CA · California$777.74+$73.69
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$810.14+$106.09
- Miami, FL · Florida$842.28+$138.23
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$823.90+$119.85
- Manhattan, NY · New York$840.30+$136.25
- Alaska · Alaska$963.33+$259.28
Other areas in Minnesota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $688.52 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $682.10 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $725.65 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $745.96 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $740.88 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $806.66 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $768.90 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $760.32 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $763.45 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $760.26 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $767.82 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $837.89 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $835.82 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $856.29 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $847.84 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $749.49 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $767.15 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $760.29 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $774.10 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $803.68 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $740.57 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $746.47 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $779.02 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $734.57 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $792.65 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $762.28 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $757.79 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $730.10 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $743.66 |
| IowaIowa | — | $686.55 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $692.20 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $785.88 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $757.01 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $796.67 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $694.44 |
| KansasKansas | — | $690.77 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $712.64 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $736.86 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $714.43 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $793.76 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $747.05 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $777.94 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $743.06 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $701.26 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $716.53 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $775.27 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $730.63 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $726.78 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $731.00 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $710.63 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $696.13 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $740.71 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $704.99 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $704.72 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $687.05 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $741.74 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $807.93 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $784.72 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | — | $735.83 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $730.89 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $862.38 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $794.57 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $835.70 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $712.41 |
| OhioOhio | — | $723.27 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $705.08 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $755.86 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $721.95 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $769.58 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $720.48 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | — | $742.20 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $750.09 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $715.95 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | — | $700.47 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $693.81 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $746.88 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $717.85 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $729.37 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $735.62 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $734.34 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $732.71 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $766.02 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $724.36 |
| UtahUtah | — | $722.19 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $719.43 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $742.20 |
| VermontVermont | — | $708.73 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $743.44 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $800.42 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $690.05 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $739.86 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $725.03 |
54312 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 54312 rate is calculated
Each of 54312’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 54312
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work14.15
14.15 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense6.21
6.21 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice1.82
1.82 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
22.1800
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$740.83
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact Minnesota inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
6,275
- Code
- 54312
- Physician work
- 14.15
- Practice expense
- 6.21
- Malpractice
- 1.82
GPCI2026.csv
66
- Locality
- Minnesota
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.029
- Malpractice
- 0.296
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 14.15 | × 1.000 | 14.1500 |
| Practice expense | 6.21 | × 1.029 | 6.3901 |
| Malpractice | 1.82 | × 0.296 | 0.5387 |
| Total RVUs | 21.0788 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Minnesota$704.05
Facility: (14.15 × 1 + 6.21 × 1.029 + 1.82 × 0.296) × $33.4009 = $704.05
Payment rules and modifiers for 54312
54312 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.
CMS payment indicators · 54312
Urethral reconstruction, hypospadias repair
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 090 | Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included. |
| Multiple procedures | 2 | Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 0 | The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 2 | Paid. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 1 | Permitted with supporting documentation. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
| Split (54/55/56) | 0.10/0.80/0.10 | Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care. |
Global surgery period · 54312
Urethral reconstruction, hypospadias repair
90-day global period ends
Dec 30, 2026
Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).
Visit on Oct 31, 2026
Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.
Pre-op dayGlobal period
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 51 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
54312 without 51 · national facility
$740.83
Urethral reconstruction, hypospadias repair
54312-51 · Second procedure: 50%
$370.42
When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).
How 54312 has changed in Minnesota
54312 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $704.05 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $704.05 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $704.05 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $704.05 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $763.18 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $763.18 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $763.18 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $763.18 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $779.68 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $779.68 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $779.68 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $779.68 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $766.95 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $784.19 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $784.19 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $784.19 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $784.19 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $793.31 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $793.31 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $793.31 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $793.31 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $798.56 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $798.56 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $798.56 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $798.56 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $817.64 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $817.64 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $817.64 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $817.64 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $819.62 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $819.62 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $819.62 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $819.62 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $820.41 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $820.41 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $820.41 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $820.41 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $845.31 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $845.31 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $845.31 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $845.31 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $842.70 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $842.70 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $842.70 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $842.70 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $809.24 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $809.24 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $805.22 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $805.22 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $801.38 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $801.38 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $801.38 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $801.38 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $773.60 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13AR |
Where the Minnesota rate applies
Minnesota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 916 cities and communities in Minnesota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Ada
- Adams
- Adrian
- Afton
- Aitkin
- Akeley
- Albany
- Albert Lea
54312 billing questions
How should I distinguish this code from other hypospadias repairs?
Use the full CPT descriptor and operative documentation to match the repair’s anatomy and technique. The general CMS short descriptor alone does not distinguish the reconstruction codes in this family.
Is related postoperative care separately reported?
Related postoperative care during the 90-day global period is included. The global period also includes the day-before preoperative visit.
Can I append modifier 50 for bilateral repair?
No. The CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply to this code, and modifier 50 is inappropriate.
Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?
An assistant at surgery may be paid. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.
What happens if another procedure is performed in the same session?
CMS pays the highest-valued procedure in full and applies the standard multiple-procedure reduction to the others.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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