CPT code 55831: Prostatectomy, retropubic, subtotal2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Montana

Open retropubic subtotal prostatectomy removes obstructing prostate tissue for selected patients with benign enlargement when an open simple-prostatectomy approach is performed.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality182 Medicare services in 2024

In Montana, Medicare pays $774.77 for 55831 in a facility. There’s no office rate.

Not available in this settingOffice (non-facility)
$774.77Hospital or facility

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 55831 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 55831 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Montana
  2. What 55831 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 55831 covers

This open operation removes the obstructing portion of an enlarged prostate through a retropubic approach, leaving the outer prostate capsule rather than removing the gland as a cancer operation. Urologists typically perform it in a hospital operating room for patients with benign prostatic enlargement who need surgical treatment. The operative approach distinguishes this service from subtotal procedures using a perineal or suprapubic route and from radical prostatectomy.

Report 55831 when the operative record supports subtotal removal by the retropubic route. Documentation should identify the indication, surgical approach, and extent of tissue removed. The code includes related services named in its descriptor, such as control of postoperative bleeding, vasectomy, meatotomy, urethral calibration or dilation, and internal urethrotomy when performed as part of the operation. It has a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. In a same-session multiple-procedure claim, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. Assistant-at-surgery payment may be available; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Montana compares for 55831

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 55831 runs from $714.29 in Arkansas to $1,011.93 in Alaska. Montana pays $774.77. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

55831 in Montana vs other payment areas
  1. Montana · this page$774.77
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$809.90+$35.13
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$845.50+$70.73
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$885.24+$110.47
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$865.97+$91.20
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$878.97+$104.20
  7. Alaska · Alaska$1,011.93+$237.16

Other areas in Montana first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

55831 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama—$720.90
ArkansasArkansas—$714.29
ArizonaArizona—$759.08
Bakersfield, CACalifornia—$777.64
Chico, CACalifornia—$771.75
El Centro, CACalifornia—$772.08
Fresno, CACalifornia—$771.75
Hanford, CACalifornia—$771.75

55831 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

View every state and territory as a table
55831 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AKNo published base rate1
ALNo published base rate1
ARNo published base rate1
AZNo published base rate1
CANo published base rate29
CONo published base rate1
CTNo published base rate1
DCNo published base rate1
DENo published base rate1
FLNo published base rate3
GANo published base rate2
GUNo published base rate1
HINo published base rate1
IANo published base rate1
IDNo published base rate1
ILNo published base rate4
INNo published base rate1
KSNo published base rate1
KYNo published base rate1
LANo published base rate2
MANo published base rate2
MDNo published base rate3
MENo published base rate2
MINo published base rate2
MNNo published base rate1
MONo published base rate3
MSNo published base rate1
MTNo published base rate1
NCNo published base rate1
NDNo published base rate1
NENo published base rate1
NHNo published base rate1
NJNo published base rate2
NMNo published base rate1
NVNo published base rate1
NYNo published base rate5
OHNo published base rate1
OKNo published base rate1
ORNo published base rate2
PANo published base rate2
PRNo published base rate1
RINo published base rate1
SCNo published base rate1
SDNo published base rate1
TNNo published base rate1
TXNo published base rate8
UTNo published base rate1
VANo published base rate2
VINo published base rate1
VTNo published base rate1
WANo published base rate2
WINo published base rate1
WVNo published base rate1
WYNo published base rate1

See 55831 in every payment locality

How the 55831 rate is calculated

Each of 55831’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 55831

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work15.21

15.21 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense5.99

5.99 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice2.00

2.00 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

23.2000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$774.90

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Montana inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

6,379

Code
55831
Physician work
15.21
Practice expense
5.99
Malpractice
2.00

GPCI2026.csv

71

Locality
Montana
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.000
Malpractice
0.998
Facility calculation for 55831 in Montana
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work15.21× 1.00015.2100
Practice expense5.99× 1.0005.9900
Malpractice2.00× 0.9981.9960
Total RVUs23.1960
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Facility rate, Montana$774.77

Facility: (15.21 × 1 + 5.99 × 1 + 2 × 0.998) × $33.4009 = $774.77

Open 55831 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 55831

55831 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 55831

Prostatectomy, retropubic, subtotal

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)2Paid.
Co-surgeons (62)1Permitted with supporting documentation.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.80/0.10Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 55831

Prostatectomy, retropubic, subtotal

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

55831 without 51 · national facility

$774.90

Prostatectomy, retropubic, subtotal

55831-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$387.45

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 55831 has changed in Montana

55831 · Office / nonfacility

Rate unavailable

Effective 2026-10-01

A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01Not available in this setting$774.77RVU26D
2026-07-01Not available in this setting$774.77RVU26C
2026-04-01Not available in this setting$774.77RVU26B
2026-01-01Not available in this setting$774.77RVU26A
2025-10-01Not available in this setting$833.50RVU25D
2025-07-01Not available in this setting$833.50RVU25C
2025-04-01Not available in this setting$833.50RVU25B
2025-01-01Not available in this setting$833.50RVU25A
2024-10-01Not available in this setting$852.42RVU24D
2024-07-01Not available in this setting$852.42RVU24C
2024-04-01Not available in this setting$852.42RVU24B
2024-03-09Not available in this setting$852.42RVU24AR
2024-01-01Not available in this setting$838.51RVU24A
2023-10-01Not available in this setting$858.66RVU23D
2023-07-01Not available in this setting$858.66RVU23C
2023-04-01Not available in this setting$858.66RVU23B
2023-01-01Not available in this setting$858.66RVU23A
2022-10-01Not available in this setting$954.87RVU22D
2022-07-01Not available in this setting$954.87RVU22C
2022-04-01Not available in this setting$954.87RVU22B
2022-01-01Not available in this setting$954.87RVU22A
2021-10-01Not available in this setting$959.72RVU21D
2021-07-01Not available in this setting$959.72RVU21C
2021-04-01Not available in this setting$959.72RVU21B
2021-01-01Not available in this setting$959.72RVU21A
2020-10-01Not available in this setting$1,007.69RVU20D
2020-07-01Not available in this setting$1,007.69RVU20C
2020-04-01Not available in this setting$1,007.69RVU20B
2020-01-01Not available in this setting$1,007.69RVU20A
2019-10-01Not available in this setting$1,028.42RVU19D
2019-07-01Not available in this setting$1,028.42RVU19C
2019-04-01Not available in this setting$1,028.42RVU19B
2019-01-01Not available in this setting$1,028.42RVU19A
2018-10-01Not available in this setting$1,028.51RVU18D
2018-07-01Not available in this setting$1,028.51RVU18C
2018-04-01Not available in this setting$1,028.51RVU18B
2018-01-01Not available in this setting$1,028.51RVU18AR1
2017-10-01Not available in this setting$1,009.01RVU17D
2017-07-01Not available in this setting$1,009.01RVU17C
2017-04-01Not available in this setting$1,009.01RVU17B
2017-01-01Not available in this setting$1,009.01RVU17A
2016-10-01Not available in this setting$988.70RVU16D
2016-07-01Not available in this setting$988.70RVU16C
2016-04-01Not available in this setting$988.70RVU16B
2016-01-01Not available in this setting$988.70RVU16A
2015-10-01Not available in this setting$990.83RVU15D
2015-07-01Not available in this setting$990.83RVU15C
2015-04-01Not available in this setting$985.90RVU15B
2015-01-01Not available in this setting$985.90RVU15A
2014-10-01Not available in this setting$969.81RVU14D
2014-07-01Not available in this setting$969.81RVU14C
2014-04-01Not available in this setting$969.81RVU14B
2014-01-01Not available in this setting$969.81RVU14A
2013-10-01Not available in this setting$934.30RVU13D
2013-07-01Not available in this setting$934.30RVU13C
2013-04-01Not available in this setting$934.30RVU13B
2013-01-01Not available in this setting$934.30RVU13AR

Price 55831 for an earlier date of service

Where the Montana rate applies

Montana is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 497 cities and communities in Montana. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Absarokee
  • Acton
  • Alberton
  • Alder
  • Alzada
  • Amsterdam
  • Anaconda-Deer Lodge County
  • Antelope

Browse all communities in Montana

55831 billing questions

How does 55831 differ from 55821?

Both describe subtotal prostate removal, but 55831 is the retropubic approach and 55821 is the suprapubic approach. The operative report must support the route performed.

When would 55801 be reported instead?

55801 describes subtotal prostate removal through a perineal approach. Choose 55831 when the surgeon uses the retropubic route.

Is 55831 a radical prostatectomy?

No. It represents subtotal removal, typically for benign enlargement, rather than radical removal of the prostate for cancer. Radical retropubic surgery is represented by codes such as 55840.

Can associated procedures be billed separately?

Services identified as included in the descriptor—such as control of postoperative bleeding, vasectomy, meatotomy, urethral calibration or dilation, and internal urethrotomy—are part of the operation when performed as related services.

What are the assistant and co-surgeon rules?

Assistant-at-surgery payment may be made. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.

Does modifier 50 apply, and what is the global period?

Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this procedure. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 55831PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 6,379 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for MontanaGPCI2026.csv, line 71 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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