CPT code 61590: Skull base approach, infratemporal, extradural2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Washington, DC area

Reports an extradural infratemporal route to the middle cranial fossa for complex skull base surgery requiring access through the temporal bone region.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality386 Medicare services in 2024

In Washington, DC area, Medicare pays $2,930.38 for 61590 in a facility. There’s no office rate.

Not available in this settingOffice (non-facility)
$2,930.38Hospital or facility

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 61590 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 61590 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Washington, DC area
  2. What 61590 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 61590 covers

This code represents an extradural infratemporal approach to the middle cranial fossa, used to reach lesions at the skull base through the temporal bone region. The operation may involve substantial bone work and exposure around the petrous temporal bone. Neurosurgeons and otolaryngologists with skull base expertise commonly perform this type of approach in a hospital operating room for complex skull base lesions when the infratemporal route is required.

Report the approach when the operative note supports an infratemporal route and an extradural surgical plane; distinguish it from an intradural approach or a different skull base corridor. Documentation should identify the target, route, extent of exposure and relevant bone work. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care. When multiple procedures occur in the same session, the highest-valued is paid in full and other procedures are reduced to 50%. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery payment may be made; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Washington, DC area compares for 61590

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 61590 runs from $2,400.47 in Arkansas to $3,347.88 in Alaska. Washington, DC area pays $2,930.38. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

61590 in Washington, DC area vs other payment areas
  1. Washington, DC area · this page$2,930.38
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$2,777.08−$153.30
  3. Miami, FL · Florida$3,167.97+$237.59
  4. Chicago, IL · Illinois$3,077.23+$146.85
  5. Manhattan, NY · New York$3,077.33+$146.95
  6. Alaska · Alaska$3,347.88+$417.50
  7. Alabama · Alabama$2,429.34−$501.04

Other areas in District of Columbia first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

61590 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
ArkansasArkansas—$2,400.47
ArizonaArizona—$2,595.96
Bakersfield, CACalifornia—$2,654.53
Chico, CACalifornia—$2,629.11
El Centro, CACalifornia—$2,630.64
Fresno, CACalifornia—$2,629.11
Hanford, CACalifornia—$2,629.11
Madera, CACalifornia—$2,629.11

61590 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

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Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

View every state and territory as a table
61590 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AKNo published base rate1
ALNo published base rate1
ARNo published base rate1
AZNo published base rate1
CANo published base rate29
CONo published base rate1
CTNo published base rate1
DCNo published base rate1
DENo published base rate1
FLNo published base rate3
GANo published base rate2
GUNo published base rate1
HINo published base rate1
IANo published base rate1
IDNo published base rate1
ILNo published base rate4
INNo published base rate1
KSNo published base rate1
KYNo published base rate1
LANo published base rate2
MANo published base rate2
MDNo published base rate3
MENo published base rate2
MINo published base rate2
MNNo published base rate1
MONo published base rate3
MSNo published base rate1
MTNo published base rate1
NCNo published base rate1
NDNo published base rate1
NENo published base rate1
NHNo published base rate1
NJNo published base rate2
NMNo published base rate1
NVNo published base rate1
NYNo published base rate5
OHNo published base rate1
OKNo published base rate1
ORNo published base rate2
PANo published base rate2
PRNo published base rate1
RINo published base rate1
SCNo published base rate1
SDNo published base rate1
TNNo published base rate1
TXNo published base rate8
UTNo published base rate1
VANo published base rate2
VINo published base rate1
VTNo published base rate1
WANo published base rate2
WINo published base rate1
WVNo published base rate1
WYNo published base rate1

See 61590 in every payment locality

How the 61590 rate is calculated

Each of 61590’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 61590

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work45.86

45.86 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense24.78

24.78 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice9.17

9.17 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

79.8100

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$2,665.73

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Washington, DC area inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

6,828

Code
61590
Physician work
45.86
Practice expense
24.78
Malpractice
9.17

GPCI2026.csv

39

Locality
Washington, DC area
Physician work
1.054
Practice expense
1.178
Malpractice
1.113
Facility calculation for 61590 in Washington, DC area
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work45.86× 1.05448.3364
Practice expense24.78× 1.17829.1908
Malpractice9.17× 1.11310.2062
Total RVUs87.7335
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Facility rate, Washington, DC area$2930.38

Facility: (45.86 × 1.054 + 24.78 × 1.178 + 9.17 × 1.113) × $33.4009 = $2930.38

Open 61590 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 61590

61590 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 61590

Skull base approach, infratemporal, extradural

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)2Paid.
Co-surgeons (62)1Permitted with supporting documentation.
Team surgery (66)2Permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.11/0.76/0.13Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 61590

Skull base approach, infratemporal, extradural

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

61590 without 50 · national facility

$2,665.73

Skull base approach, infratemporal, extradural

61590-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$3,998.60

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

How 61590 has changed in Washington, DC area

61590 · Office / nonfacility

Rate unavailable

Effective 2026-10-01

A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01Not available in this setting$2,930.38RVU26D
2026-07-01Not available in this setting$2,930.38RVU26C
2026-04-01Not available in this setting$2,930.38RVU26B
2026-01-01Not available in this setting$2,930.38RVU26A
2025-10-01Not available in this setting$3,275.17RVU25D
2025-07-01Not available in this setting$3,275.17RVU25C
2025-04-01Not available in this setting$3,275.17RVU25B
2025-01-01Not available in this setting$3,275.17RVU25A
2024-10-01Not available in this setting$3,381.37RVU24D
2024-07-01Not available in this setting$3,381.37RVU24C
2024-04-01Not available in this setting$3,381.37RVU24B
2024-03-09Not available in this setting$3,381.37RVU24AR
2024-01-01Not available in this setting$3,326.18RVU24A
2023-10-01Not available in this setting$3,487.11RVU23D
2023-07-01Not available in this setting$3,487.11RVU23C
2023-04-01Not available in this setting$3,487.11RVU23B
2023-01-01Not available in this setting$3,487.11RVU23A
2022-10-01Not available in this setting$3,593.93RVU22D
2022-07-01Not available in this setting$3,593.93RVU22C
2022-04-01Not available in this setting$3,593.93RVU22B
2022-01-01Not available in this setting$3,593.93RVU22A
2021-10-01Not available in this setting$3,578.71RVU21D
2021-07-01Not available in this setting$3,578.71RVU21C
2021-04-01Not available in this setting$3,578.71RVU21B
2021-01-01Not available in this setting$3,578.71RVU21A
2020-10-01Not available in this setting$3,589.28RVU20D
2020-07-01Not available in this setting$3,589.28RVU20C
2020-04-01Not available in this setting$3,589.28RVU20B
2020-01-01Not available in this setting$3,589.28RVU20A
2019-10-01Not available in this setting$3,577.43RVU19D
2019-07-01Not available in this setting$3,577.43RVU19C
2019-04-01Not available in this setting$3,577.43RVU19B
2019-01-01Not available in this setting$3,577.43RVU19A
2018-10-01Not available in this setting$3,551.39RVU18D
2018-07-01Not available in this setting$3,551.39RVU18C
2018-04-01Not available in this setting$3,551.39RVU18B
2018-01-01Not available in this setting$3,551.39RVU18AR1
2017-10-01Not available in this setting$3,560.82RVU17D
2017-07-01Not available in this setting$3,560.82RVU17C
2017-04-01Not available in this setting$3,560.82RVU17B
2017-01-01Not available in this setting$3,560.82RVU17A
2016-10-01Not available in this setting$3,582.51RVU16D
2016-07-01Not available in this setting$3,582.51RVU16C
2016-04-01Not available in this setting$3,582.51RVU16B
2016-01-01Not available in this setting$3,582.51RVU16A
2015-10-01Not available in this setting$3,583.16RVU15D
2015-07-01Not available in this setting$3,583.16RVU15C
2015-04-01Not available in this setting$3,565.33RVU15B
2015-01-01Not available in this setting$3,565.33RVU15A
2014-10-01Not available in this setting$3,519.28RVU14D
2014-07-01Not available in this setting$3,519.28RVU14C
2014-04-01Not available in this setting$3,519.28RVU14B
2014-01-01Not available in this setting$3,519.28RVU14A
2013-10-01Not available in this setting$3,456.81RVU13D
2013-07-01Not available in this setting$3,456.81RVU13C
2013-04-01Not available in this setting$3,456.81RVU13B
2013-01-01Not available in this setting$3,456.81RVU13AR

Price 61590 for an earlier date of service

Where the Washington, DC area rate applies

Washington, DC area is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 1 cities and communities in District of Columbia. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Washington

Browse all communities in District of Columbia

61590 billing questions

How is 61590 distinguished from 61591?

61590 represents the extradural infratemporal approach to the middle cranial fossa. Use 61591 when the documented approach is intradural.

What documentation supports reporting 61590?

The operative report should establish the infratemporal route, extradural plane, target, extent of exposure and relevant bone work.

Does the 90-day global period include postoperative care?

Yes. It includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care.

How are multiple procedures in the same session paid?

The highest-valued procedure is paid in full, and other procedures are paid at 50% under the standard multiple procedure reduction.

Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

Assistant-at-surgery payment may be made. Co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation; team surgery is permitted.

How is bilateral reporting handled?

For a bilateral procedure, modifier 50 is paid at 150%.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 61590PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 6,828 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Washington, DC areaGPCI2026.csv, line 39 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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