CPT code 61596: Skull base approach, transcochlear posterior fossa2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Utah

Reports transcochlear surgical access to the posterior cranial fossa, including the extensive ear and temporal-bone work needed for skull base lesion surgery.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality80 Medicare services in 2024

In Utah, Medicare pays $2,033.37 for 61596 in a facility. There’s no office rate.

Not available in this settingOffice (non-facility)
$2,033.37Hospital or facility

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 61596 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 61596 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Utah
  2. What 61596 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 61596 covers

This approach reaches the posterior cranial fossa through the temporal bone and cochlear region. The exposure includes mastoid work, removal of petrous bone, and posterior transposition of the facial nerve. It is used by skull base teams, typically involving an otologist or neurotologist and a neurosurgeon, to access lesions near the clivus, petrous apex, or ventral brainstem. The route is selected when the required exposure calls for this specific transcochlear corridor rather than a transtemporal or transpetrosal route.

Report the approach based on the operative route and documented work, not just the lesion’s location. The approach includes its described exposure steps; document the facial nerve transposition and bony work performed. Report the definitive lesion procedure separately when supported by the applicable CPT instructions. CMS classifies this as major surgery with a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in one session, the highest-valued is paid in full and others at 50%. For a bilateral procedure reported with modifier 50, CMS pays at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery payment may be available; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Utah compares for 61596

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 61596 runs from $1,911.62 in Arkansas to $2,687.75 in Alaska. Utah pays $2,033.37. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

61596 in Utah vs other payment areas
  1. Utah · this page$2,033.37
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$2,192.56+$159.19
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$2,290.14+$256.77
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$2,400.91+$367.54
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$2,343.86+$310.49
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$2,381.55+$348.18
  7. Alaska · Alaska$2,687.75+$654.38

Other areas in Utah first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

61596 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama—$1,931.06
ArkansasArkansas—$1,911.62
ArizonaArizona—$2,043.45
Bakersfield, CACalifornia—$2,100.20
Chico, CACalifornia—$2,083.98
El Centro, CACalifornia—$2,084.92
Fresno, CACalifornia—$2,083.98
Hanford, CACalifornia—$2,083.98

61596 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

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Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

View every state and territory as a table
61596 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AKNo published base rate1
ALNo published base rate1
ARNo published base rate1
AZNo published base rate1
CANo published base rate29
CONo published base rate1
CTNo published base rate1
DCNo published base rate1
DENo published base rate1
FLNo published base rate3
GANo published base rate2
GUNo published base rate1
HINo published base rate1
IANo published base rate1
IDNo published base rate1
ILNo published base rate4
INNo published base rate1
KSNo published base rate1
KYNo published base rate1
LANo published base rate2
MANo published base rate2
MDNo published base rate3
MENo published base rate2
MINo published base rate2
MNNo published base rate1
MONo published base rate3
MSNo published base rate1
MTNo published base rate1
NCNo published base rate1
NDNo published base rate1
NENo published base rate1
NHNo published base rate1
NJNo published base rate2
NMNo published base rate1
NVNo published base rate1
NYNo published base rate5
OHNo published base rate1
OKNo published base rate1
ORNo published base rate2
PANo published base rate2
PRNo published base rate1
RINo published base rate1
SCNo published base rate1
SDNo published base rate1
TNNo published base rate1
TXNo published base rate8
UTNo published base rate1
VANo published base rate2
VINo published base rate1
VTNo published base rate1
WANo published base rate2
WINo published base rate1
WVNo published base rate1
WYNo published base rate1

See 61596 in every payment locality

How the 61596 rate is calculated

Each of 61596’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 61596

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work38.44

38.44 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense18.52

18.52 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice5.60

5.60 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

62.5600

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$2,089.56

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Utah inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

6,832

Code
61596
Physician work
38.44
Practice expense
18.52
Malpractice
5.60

GPCI2026.csv

104

Locality
Utah
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.940
Malpractice
0.898
Facility calculation for 61596 in Utah
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work38.44× 1.00038.4400
Practice expense18.52× 0.94017.4088
Malpractice5.60× 0.8985.0288
Total RVUs60.8776
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Facility rate, Utah$2033.37

Facility: (38.44 × 1 + 18.52 × 0.94 + 5.6 × 0.898) × $33.4009 = $2033.37

Open 61596 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 61596

61596 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 61596

Skull base approach, transcochlear posterior fossa

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)2Paid.
Co-surgeons (62)1Permitted with supporting documentation.
Team surgery (66)2Permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.11/0.76/0.13Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 61596

Skull base approach, transcochlear posterior fossa

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

61596 without 50 · national facility

$2,089.56

Skull base approach, transcochlear posterior fossa

61596-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$3,134.34

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

How 61596 has changed in Utah

61596 · Office / nonfacility

Rate unavailable

Effective 2026-10-01

A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01Not available in this setting$2,033.37RVU26D
2026-07-01Not available in this setting$2,033.37RVU26C
2026-04-01Not available in this setting$2,033.37RVU26B
2026-01-01Not available in this setting$2,033.37RVU26A
2025-10-01Not available in this setting$2,286.78RVU25D
2025-07-01Not available in this setting$2,286.78RVU25C
2025-04-01Not available in this setting$2,286.78RVU25B
2025-01-01Not available in this setting$2,286.78RVU25A
2024-10-01Not available in this setting$2,357.65RVU24D
2024-07-01Not available in this setting$2,357.65RVU24C
2024-04-01Not available in this setting$2,357.65RVU24B
2024-03-09Not available in this setting$2,357.65RVU24AR
2024-01-01Not available in this setting$2,319.17RVU24A
2023-10-01Not available in this setting$2,382.40RVU23D
2023-07-01Not available in this setting$2,382.40RVU23C
2023-04-01Not available in this setting$2,382.40RVU23B
2023-01-01Not available in this setting$2,382.40RVU23A
2022-10-01Not available in this setting$2,392.72RVU22D
2022-07-01Not available in this setting$2,392.72RVU22C
2022-04-01Not available in this setting$2,392.72RVU22B
2022-01-01Not available in this setting$2,392.72RVU22A
2021-10-01Not available in this setting$2,381.40RVU21D
2021-07-01Not available in this setting$2,381.40RVU21C
2021-04-01Not available in this setting$2,381.40RVU21B
2021-01-01Not available in this setting$2,381.40RVU21A
2020-10-01Not available in this setting$2,455.80RVU20D
2020-07-01Not available in this setting$2,455.80RVU20C
2020-04-01Not available in this setting$2,455.80RVU20B
2020-01-01Not available in this setting$2,455.80RVU20A
2019-10-01Not available in this setting$2,494.29RVU19D
2019-07-01Not available in this setting$2,494.29RVU19C
2019-04-01Not available in this setting$2,494.29RVU19B
2019-01-01Not available in this setting$2,494.29RVU19A
2018-10-01Not available in this setting$2,468.35RVU18D
2018-07-01Not available in this setting$2,468.35RVU18C
2018-04-01Not available in this setting$2,468.35RVU18B
2018-01-01Not available in this setting$2,468.35RVU18AR1
2017-10-01Not available in this setting$2,494.10RVU17D
2017-07-01Not available in this setting$2,494.10RVU17C
2017-04-01Not available in this setting$2,494.10RVU17B
2017-01-01Not available in this setting$2,494.10RVU17A
2016-10-01Not available in this setting$2,491.16RVU16D
2016-07-01Not available in this setting$2,491.16RVU16C
2016-04-01Not available in this setting$2,491.16RVU16B
2016-01-01Not available in this setting$2,491.16RVU16A
2015-10-01Not available in this setting$2,505.90RVU15D
2015-07-01Not available in this setting$2,505.90RVU15C
2015-04-01Not available in this setting$2,493.43RVU15B
2015-01-01Not available in this setting$2,493.43RVU15A
2014-10-01Not available in this setting$2,480.55RVU14D
2014-07-01Not available in this setting$2,480.55RVU14C
2014-04-01Not available in this setting$2,480.55RVU14B
2014-01-01Not available in this setting$2,480.55RVU14A
2013-10-01Not available in this setting$2,427.55RVU13D
2013-07-01Not available in this setting$2,427.55RVU13C
2013-04-01Not available in this setting$2,427.55RVU13B
2013-01-01Not available in this setting$2,427.55RVU13AR

Price 61596 for an earlier date of service

Where the Utah rate applies

Utah is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 334 cities and communities in Utah. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Alpine
  • Alta
  • Altamont
  • Alton
  • Amalga
  • American Fork
  • Aneth
  • Annabella

Browse all communities in Utah

61596 billing questions

How is this approach different from 61595?

61596 describes a transcochlear route with petrous bone removal and posterior facial nerve transposition. 61595 describes a transtemporal route; select the code matching the operative corridor and documented approach.

Does 61596 include the lesion removal?

The code describes the transcochlear approach and its exposure work. Report the definitive lesion procedure separately when the applicable CPT instructions support separate reporting.

Which parts of the exposure are included?

The approach includes the associated mastoid work, petrous apicectomy, and posterior transposition of the facial nerve described for this route. Do not separately report those steps as though they were independent procedures.

What documentation supports 61596?

The operative report should identify the transcochlear route and describe the mastoid and petrous bone work and facial nerve transposition. The documented approach, not simply the diagnosis or lesion site, supports code selection.

Can modifier 50 be used?

CMS lists this as a bilateral procedure; when the procedure is bilateral and reported with modifier 50, payment is at 150%. The operative documentation must support bilateral performance.

Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

CMS permits assistant-at-surgery payment. Co-surgeons are paid only when supporting documentation is provided; team surgery is also permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 61596PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 6,832 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for UtahGPCI2026.csv, line 104 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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