CPT code 78431: Cardiac PET, rest and stress with CT2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Virginia

PET myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and stress with concurrently acquired CT is reported for cardiac evaluation using both phases.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality197.4K Medicare services in 2024

CMS doesn’t publish a rate for 78431 in Virginia.

Contractor-pricedOffice (non-facility)
Contractor-pricedHospital or facility

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 78431 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 78431 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Virginia
  2. What 78431 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 78431 covers

This examination uses PET to assess myocardial perfusion in separate rest and stress acquisitions, with a concurrently acquired CT used for attenuation correction. Stress may be induced by exercise or medication. Nuclear medicine or cardiology imaging teams perform the technical study, and a qualified practitioner interprets the images. This protocol distinguishes the code from a single-study PET examination and from SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging.

Medicare assigns physician fee schedule status C (carrier priced): CMS publishes no national payment, and the Medicare Administrative Contractor sets payment for each claim. The service has professional and technical portions: modifier 26 identifies interpretation, modifier TC identifies equipment and staff, and no modifier reports the global service. Report the code for the rest-and-stress PET myocardial perfusion examination with CT.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Virginia compares for 78431

78431 in Virginia vs other payment areas
  1. Virginia · this pageUnavailable
  2. Los Angeles, CA · CaliforniaUnavailable
  3. Washington, DC area · District of ColumbiaUnavailable
  4. Miami, FL · FloridaUnavailable
  5. Chicago, IL · IllinoisUnavailable
  6. Manhattan, NY · New YorkUnavailable
  7. Alaska · AlaskaUnavailable

Other areas in Virginia first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

78431 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama——
ArkansasArkansas——
ArizonaArizona——
Bakersfield, CACalifornia——
Chico, CACalifornia——
El Centro, CACalifornia——
Fresno, CACalifornia——
Hanford, CACalifornia——

78431 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

View every state and territory as a table
78431 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AKNo published base rate1
ALNo published base rate1
ARNo published base rate1
AZNo published base rate1
CANo published base rate29
CONo published base rate1
CTNo published base rate1
DCNo published base rate1
DENo published base rate1
FLNo published base rate3
GANo published base rate2
GUNo published base rate1
HINo published base rate1
IANo published base rate1
IDNo published base rate1
ILNo published base rate4
INNo published base rate1
KSNo published base rate1
KYNo published base rate1
LANo published base rate2
MANo published base rate2
MDNo published base rate3
MENo published base rate2
MINo published base rate2
MNNo published base rate1
MONo published base rate3
MSNo published base rate1
MTNo published base rate1
NCNo published base rate1
NDNo published base rate1
NENo published base rate1
NHNo published base rate1
NJNo published base rate2
NMNo published base rate1
NVNo published base rate1
NYNo published base rate5
OHNo published base rate1
OKNo published base rate1
ORNo published base rate2
PANo published base rate2
PRNo published base rate1
RINo published base rate1
SCNo published base rate1
SDNo published base rate1
TNNo published base rate1
TXNo published base rate8
UTNo published base rate1
VANo published base rate2
VINo published base rate1
VTNo published base rate1
WANo published base rate2
WINo published base rate1
WVNo published base rate1
WYNo published base rate1

See 78431 in every payment locality

How the 78431 rate is calculated

Each of 78431’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 78431

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work0.00

0.00 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense0.00

0.00 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.00

0.00 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

0.0000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$0.00

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

Payment rules and modifiers for 78431

The CMS indicators that decide how 78431 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 78431

Cardiac PET, rest and stress with CT

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global periodXXXThe global surgery concept doesn’t apply.
Multiple procedures0No multiple-procedure reduction.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical1Diagnostic test with separate professional (26) and technical (TC) components.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 26 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

78431 without 26 · national facility

$0.00

Cardiac PET, rest and stress with CT

78431-26 · Professional component

$86.51

Pays only the interpretation and report.

When to use modifier 26

How 78431 has changed in Virginia

78431 · Office / nonfacility

Rate unavailable

Effective 2026-10-01

A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    No ratechanged toNo rate

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D, RVU21A, RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D, RVU22A, RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D, RVU23A, RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D, RVU24A, RVU24AR, RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D, RVU25A, RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D, RVU26A, RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D, RVU16A, RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D, RVU17A, RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D, RVU18AR1, RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D, RVU19A, RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU26D
2026-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU26C
2026-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU26B
2026-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU26A
2025-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU25D
2025-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU25C
2025-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU25B
2025-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU25A
2024-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU24D
2024-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU24C
2024-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU24B
2024-03-09Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU24AR
2024-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU24A
2023-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU23D
2023-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU23C
2023-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU23B
2023-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU23A
2022-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU22D
2022-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU22C
2022-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU22B
2022-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU22A
2021-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU21D
2021-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU21C
2021-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU21B
2021-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU21A
2020-10-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU20D
2020-07-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU20C
2020-04-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU20B
2020-01-01Contractor-pricedContractor-pricedRVU20A
2019-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU19D
2019-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU19C
2019-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU19B
2019-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU19A
2018-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU18D
2018-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU18C
2018-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU18B
2018-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU18AR1
2017-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU17D
2017-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU17C
2017-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU17B
2017-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU17A
2016-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16D
2016-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16C
2016-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16B
2016-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16A
2015-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15D
2015-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15C
2015-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15B
2015-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15A
2014-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14D
2014-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14C
2014-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14B
2014-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14A
2013-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13D
2013-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13C
2013-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13B
2013-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13AR

Price 78431 for an earlier date of service

Where the Virginia rate applies

Virginia is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 628 cities and communities in Virginia. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Abbs Valley
  • Abingdon
  • Accomac
  • Adwolf
  • Afton
  • Alberta
  • Aldie
  • Allison Gap

Browse all communities in Virginia

78431 billing questions

When should this code be used instead of a SPECT cardiac study?

Use this code for rest-and-stress myocardial perfusion imaging performed with PET and concurrently acquired CT. SPECT myocardial perfusion studies are reported with codes such as 78451 or 78452, depending on the study.

Does this code include both rest and stress imaging?

Yes. It represents PET myocardial perfusion imaging at rest and under exercise or pharmacologic stress, with concurrently acquired CT for attenuation correction.

How should the professional and technical portions be reported?

Append modifier 26 for the professional interpretation or modifier TC for the technical portion. Report the global service without either modifier.

Does Medicare publish a national payment for this code?

No. Its physician fee schedule status is C, meaning the Medicare Administrative Contractor sets payment for each claim.

How does this differ from 78429?

Code 78429 describes a single PET study with metabolic evaluation at rest or stress. This code represents PET myocardial perfusion imaging at both rest and stress.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

Did this answer your question about what 78431 pays in Virginia?

Tell us what you were actually trying to work out. We’ll answer you directly, or build the page that does.

Fee sheets

Put 78431 and the rest of your codes on one sheet

Your codes at your locality, with payer contracts beside Medicare.

Build my fee sheet