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CPT code 78708: Renal imaging, pharmacologic intervention2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Nevada

A renal nuclear medicine study combining perfusion and function imaging with a pharmacologic challenge to assess drainage or functional response.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality19.5K Medicare services in 2024

In Nevada, Medicare pays $171.86 for 78708 in the office.

$171.86Office (non-facility)
Not available in this settingHospital or facility
−0.3%vs the national office rate ($172.35)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 78708 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 78708 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Nevada
  2. What 78708 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 78708 covers

A renal renogram uses a radiotracer and serial imaging to assess blood flow, relative renal function, and tracer washout after a pharmacologic challenge. Common situations include evaluating suspected urinary obstruction with delayed drainage or assessing renal response to an ACE inhibitor, such as captopril. A nuclear medicine physician or radiologist interprets images acquired in a hospital or outpatient nuclear medicine department; technologists perform the imaging, and the drug challenge is part of the study.

Select this code when the renal flow-and-function imaging includes a pharmacologic intervention. Document the clinical indication, intervention, imaging performed, and interpretation. Use 78707 for the corresponding study without a drug intervention; 78709 describes studies involving multiple pharmacologic interventions. CMS allows the professional component with modifier 26, the technical component with modifier TC, or the global service without either modifier.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Nevada compares for 78708

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 78708 runs from $152.34 in Arkansas to $232.11 in San Benito County, CA. Nevada pays $171.86. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

78708 in Nevada vs other payment areas
  1. Nevada · this page$171.86
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$196.38+$24.52
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$197.90+$26.04
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$183.27+$11.41
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$178.03+$6.17
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$197.96+$26.10
  7. Alaska · Alaska$198.81+$26.95

Other areas in Nevada first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

78708 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$154.60—
ArkansasArkansas$152.34—
ArizonaArizona$167.81—
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$184.07—
Chico, CACalifornia$183.72—
El Centro, CACalifornia$183.74—
Fresno, CACalifornia$183.72—
Hanford, CACalifornia$183.72—

78708 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$152.34

$207.92

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
78708 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$198.811
AL$154.601
AR$152.341
AZ$167.811
CA$183.72–$232.1129
CO$180.291
CT$183.861
DC$197.901
DE$170.621
FL$168.51–$183.273
GA$159.09–$175.272
GU$188.511
HI$188.511
IA$159.151
ID$160.071
IL$163.17–$178.954
IN$161.021
KS$158.121
KY$157.691
LA$157.33–$165.222
MA$179.08–$198.642
MD$173.99–$197.903
ME$160.62–$169.832
MI$161.58–$170.342
MN$173.511
MO$154.42–$166.153
MS$153.421
MT$172.341
NC$162.361
ND$170.171
NE$160.111
NH$177.191
NJ$186.17–$195.762
NM$162.361
NV$171.861
NY$164.79–$202.455
OH$161.131
OK$157.701
OR$170.74–$186.392
PA$161.55–$179.072
PR$173.721
RI$176.971
SC$161.971
SD$169.911
TN$158.881
TX$160.45–$179.518
UT$164.221
VA$169.07–$197.902
VI$173.721
VT$169.241
WA$178.83–$202.992
WI$164.381
WV$157.001
WY$171.391

See 78708 in every payment locality

How the 78708 rate is calculated

Each of 78708’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 78708

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work1.18

1.18 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense3.87

3.87 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.11

0.11 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

5.1600

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$172.35

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Nevada inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

9,491

Code
78708
Physician work
1.18
Practice expense
3.87
Malpractice
0.11

GPCI2026.csv

73

Locality
Nevada
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.001
Malpractice
0.833
Office calculation for 78708 in Nevada
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.18× 1.0001.1800
Practice expense3.87× 1.0013.8739
Malpractice0.11× 0.8330.0916
Total RVUs5.1455
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Nevada$171.86

Office: (1.18 × 1 + 3.87 × 1.001 + 0.11 × 0.833) × $33.4009 = $171.86

Open 78708 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 78708

The CMS indicators that decide how 78708 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 78708

Renal imaging, pharmacologic intervention

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global periodXXXThe global surgery concept doesn’t apply.
Multiple procedures0No multiple-procedure reduction.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical1Diagnostic test with separate professional (26) and technical (TC) components.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 26 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

78708 without 26 · national office

$172.35

Renal imaging, pharmacologic intervention

78708-26 · Professional component

$54.11

Pays only the interpretation and report.

When to use modifier 26

Codes related to 78708

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 78708
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Nevada
Same family
78707Renal imaging, single study, no drugRelated renal flow-and-function imaging code for a study performed without pharmacologic intervention.$209.10
78709Renal imaging, multiple flow and function studiesRelated renal flow-and-function imaging code for studies using multiple pharmacologic interventions.$325.88
78701Kidney imaging, with vascular flowRenal imaging code focused on morphology with vascular flow rather than the drug-challenge study.$202.87
Used instead
78725Kidney function study, quantitative clearanceA renal function study without imaging, reported instead when the service is non-imaging.$99.29

How 78708 has changed in Nevada

78708 · Office / nonfacility

$171.86

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $1.85 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $170.01 to $171.86 (1.1%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $170.01changed to$171.86

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 1.21 changed to 1.18
    • Practice expense RVU 3.97 changed to 3.87
    • Malpractice RVU 0.09 changed to 0.11
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.001
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.844 changed to 0.833

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $174.24changed to$170.01

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 3.94 changed to 3.97
    • Malpractice RVU 0.10 changed to 0.09

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $171.40changed to$174.24

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $176.48changed to$171.40

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 3.91 changed to 3.94
    • Malpractice RVU 0.08 changed to 0.10
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.098 changed to 0.844

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $180.68changed to$176.48

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 3.87 changed to 3.91
    • Malpractice RVU 0.10 changed to 0.08
    • Work GPCI 1.005 changed to 1.000
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.351 changed to 1.098

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $182.53changed to$180.68

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 3.88 changed to 3.87

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $183.26changed to$182.53

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 3.75 changed to 3.88
    • Work GPCI 1.004 changed to 1.005
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.130 changed to 1.351

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $185.51changed to$183.26

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 3.78 changed to 3.75
    • Work GPCI 1.002 changed to 1.004
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.017 changed to 1.000
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.909 changed to 1.130

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $186.78changed to$185.51

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 3.82 changed to 3.78

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $188.75changed to$186.78

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Work GPCI 1.004 changed to 1.002
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.034 changed to 1.017
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.946 changed to 0.909

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $188.17changed to$188.75

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 3.75 changed to 3.82
    • Work GPCI 1.005 changed to 1.004
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.051 changed to 1.034
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.982 changed to 0.946

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $187.74changed to$188.17

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 3.73 changed to 3.75
    • Malpractice RVU 0.09 changed to 0.10

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $186.81changed to$187.74

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $184.13changed to$186.81

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 3.64 changed to 3.73
    • Malpractice RVU 0.08 changed to 0.09
    • Work GPCI 1.001 changed to 1.005
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.055 changed to 1.051
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.107 changed to 0.982

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $183.47changed to$184.13

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 3.86 changed to 3.64
    • Work GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.001
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.058 changed to 1.055
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.232 changed to 1.107

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. October 1, 2013

    RVU13D

    No ratechanged to$183.47

  17. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$171.86Not available in this settingRVU26D
2026-07-01$171.86Not available in this settingRVU26C
2026-04-01$171.86Not available in this settingRVU26B
2026-01-01$171.86Not available in this settingRVU26A
2025-10-01$170.01Not available in this settingRVU25D
2025-07-01$170.01Not available in this settingRVU25C
2025-04-01$170.01Not available in this settingRVU25B
2025-01-01$170.01Not available in this settingRVU25A
2024-10-01$174.24Not available in this settingRVU24D
2024-07-01$174.24Not available in this settingRVU24C
2024-04-01$174.24Not available in this settingRVU24B
2024-03-09$174.24Not available in this settingRVU24AR
2024-01-01$171.40Not available in this settingRVU24A
2023-10-01$176.48Not available in this settingRVU23D
2023-07-01$176.48Not available in this settingRVU23C
2023-04-01$176.48Not available in this settingRVU23B
2023-01-01$176.48Not available in this settingRVU23A
2022-10-01$180.68Not available in this settingRVU22D
2022-07-01$180.68Not available in this settingRVU22C
2022-04-01$180.68Not available in this settingRVU22B
2022-01-01$180.68Not available in this settingRVU22A
2021-10-01$182.53Not available in this settingRVU21D
2021-07-01$182.53Not available in this settingRVU21C
2021-04-01$182.53Not available in this settingRVU21B
2021-01-01$182.53Not available in this settingRVU21A
2020-10-01$183.26Not available in this settingRVU20D
2020-07-01$183.26Not available in this settingRVU20C
2020-04-01$183.26Not available in this settingRVU20B
2020-01-01$183.26Not available in this settingRVU20A
2019-10-01$185.51Not available in this settingRVU19D
2019-07-01$185.51Not available in this settingRVU19C
2019-04-01$185.51Not available in this settingRVU19B
2019-01-01$185.51Not available in this settingRVU19A
2018-10-01$186.78Not available in this settingRVU18D
2018-07-01$186.78Not available in this settingRVU18C
2018-04-01$186.78Not available in this settingRVU18B
2018-01-01$186.78Not available in this settingRVU18AR1
2017-10-01$188.75Not available in this settingRVU17D
2017-07-01$188.75Not available in this settingRVU17C
2017-04-01$188.75Not available in this settingRVU17B
2017-01-01$188.75Not available in this settingRVU17A
2016-10-01$188.17Not available in this settingRVU16D
2016-07-01$188.17Not available in this settingRVU16C
2016-04-01$188.17Not available in this settingRVU16B
2016-01-01$188.17Not available in this settingRVU16A
2015-10-01$187.74Not available in this settingRVU15D
2015-07-01$187.74Not available in this settingRVU15C
2015-04-01$186.81Not available in this settingRVU15B
2015-01-01$186.81Not available in this settingRVU15A
2014-10-01$184.13Not available in this settingRVU14D
2014-07-01$184.13Not available in this settingRVU14C
2014-04-01$184.13Not available in this settingRVU14B
2014-01-01$184.13Not available in this settingRVU14A
2013-10-01$183.47Not available in this settingRVU13D
2013-07-01Rate data unavailableNot available in this settingRVU13C
2013-04-01Rate data unavailableNot available in this settingRVU13B
2013-01-01Rate data unavailableNot available in this settingRVU13AR

Price 78708 for an earlier date of service

Where the Nevada rate applies

Nevada is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 138 cities and communities in Nevada. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Alamo
  • Amargosa Valley
  • Austin
  • Baker
  • Battle Mountain
  • Beatty
  • Beaverdam
  • Bennett Springs

Browse all communities in Nevada

78708 billing questions

How does 78708 differ from 78707?

78708 describes renal flow-and-function imaging performed with a pharmacologic intervention. Use 78707 when the study is performed without one.

When is 78709 more appropriate?

78709 is the related code for a renal flow-and-function study involving multiple pharmacologic interventions. 78708 describes the study with a pharmacologic intervention.

Can the professional and technical portions be billed separately?

Yes. Report modifier 26 for the interpretation and report modifier TC for the equipment and staff portion. Without either modifier, the claim represents the global service.

What documentation supports reporting 78708?

Document the reason for the study, the pharmacologic intervention used, the imaging performed, and the interpreting clinician’s findings.

Is this the same as a non-imaging renal function study?

No. 78708 describes renal flow-and-function imaging with a pharmacologic intervention; 78725 is a renal function study without imaging.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 78708PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 9,491 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for NevadaGPCI2026.csv, line 73 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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