CPT code 99152: Moderate sedation, same provider, age 5+, initial period2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Colorado
Report initial moderate sedation for a patient age 5 or older when the procedure provider directs it with an independent trained observer.
In Colorado, Medicare pays $54.01 for 99152 in the office and $11.01 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 99152 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 99152 covers
99152 covers moderate sedation directed by the physician or other qualified health care professional performing the underlying procedure for a patient age 5 or older. During a bronchoscopy, cardiac catheterization, transesophageal echocardiogram, or image-guided intervention, the proceduralist remains face-to-face with the patient while an independent trained observer, often a nurse, monitors consciousness and physiologic status. These services occur in catheterization labs, hospital procedure suites, and equipped offices.
Report 99152 once for the initial sedation period when at least 10 minutes of intraservice time are documented. Time begins when the sedating agent is administered and ends when the proceduralist’s continuous face-to-face attendance ends. Add 99153 at 23 minutes, with further units at 38 minutes and each subsequent 15-minute mark. Exclude preassessment and recovery from intraservice time; document agents, doses, the observer, monitoring, and start and stop times. For Medicare GI endoscopy with sedation directed by the endoscopist, report G0500 instead. The office practice-expense value reflects resources supplied by the practice rather than a facility.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How Colorado compares for 99152
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 99152 runs from $45.02 in Arkansas to $70.49 in San Benito County, CA. Colorado pays $54.01. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- Colorado · this page$54.01
- Los Angeles, CA · California$59.14+$5.13
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$59.49+$5.48
- Miami, FL · Florida$54.69+$0.68
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$53.00−$1.01
- Manhattan, NY · New York$59.38+$5.37
- Alaska · Alaska$57.90+$3.89
Other areas in Colorado first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | $45.74 | $10.38 |
| ArkansasArkansas | $45.02 | $10.30 |
| ArizonaArizona | $49.99 | $10.83 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | $55.24 | $10.95 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | $55.16 | $10.86 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | $64.85 | $11.59 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | $58.95 | $11.18 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | $55.48 | $11.19 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | $58.13 | $11.13 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | $57.92 | $11.08 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | $59.48 | $11.14 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | $68.94 | $11.96 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | $68.91 | $11.92 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | $70.49 | $12.21 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | $70.35 | $12.07 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | $56.96 | $10.93 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | $60.20 | $11.09 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | $58.19 | $11.07 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | $60.82 | $11.19 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | $64.80 | $11.54 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | $55.15 | $10.86 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | $55.06 | $11.53 |
| DelawareDelaware | $50.87 | $10.94 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | $52.79 | $11.85 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | $50.09 | $11.45 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | $52.34 | $11.28 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | $47.08 | $11.03 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | $56.78 | $10.83 |
| IowaIowa | $47.26 | $10.28 |
| IdahoIdaho | $47.54 | $10.36 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | $49.09 | $11.90 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | $48.34 | $11.44 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | $53.41 | $11.90 |
| IndianaIndiana | $47.85 | $10.39 |
| KansasKansas | $46.90 | $10.36 |
| KentuckyKentucky | $46.68 | $10.75 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | $49.09 | $11.06 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | $46.56 | $10.79 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | $59.83 | $11.58 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | $53.60 | $11.04 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | $54.88 | $11.52 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | $51.94 | $11.04 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | $47.69 | $10.51 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | $50.69 | $10.64 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | $50.65 | $11.65 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | $47.91 | $11.01 |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | $51.95 | $10.37 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | $48.85 | $10.90 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | $49.42 | $10.94 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | $45.60 | $10.77 |
| MississippiMississippi | $45.33 | $10.53 |
| MontanaMontana | $51.44 | $11.02 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | $48.26 | $10.55 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | $50.84 | $10.43 |
| NebraskaNebraska | $47.57 | $10.27 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | $53.04 | $10.97 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | $58.77 | $11.88 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | $55.74 | $11.61 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | $48.15 | $11.09 |
| NevadaNevada | $51.31 | $10.86 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | $60.78 | $12.73 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | $56.02 | $11.77 |
| Queens, NYNew York | $60.07 | $12.30 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | $49.04 | $10.64 |
| OhioOhio | $47.78 | $10.89 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | $46.71 | $10.62 |
| Portland, OROregon | $55.99 | $11.08 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | $50.97 | $10.72 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | $53.51 | $11.43 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | $47.93 | $10.83 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | $51.89 | $11.03 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | $52.88 | $11.13 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | $48.09 | $10.75 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | $50.77 | $10.36 |
| TennesseeTennessee | $47.14 | $10.41 |
| Austin, TXTexas | $53.78 | $11.02 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | $47.58 | $10.80 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | $50.90 | $10.85 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | $51.20 | $10.95 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | $50.79 | $10.94 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | $51.04 | $10.91 |
| Houston, TXTexas | $51.59 | $11.45 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | $49.19 | $10.84 |
| UtahUtah | $48.81 | $10.82 |
| VirginiaVirginia | $50.43 | $10.70 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | $51.89 | $11.03 |
| VermontVermont | $50.52 | $10.51 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | $53.54 | $10.98 |
| King County, WAWashington | $61.22 | $11.64 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | $48.98 | $10.26 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | $46.36 | $11.24 |
| WyomingWyoming | $51.18 | $10.76 |
99152 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
$45.02
$62.82
Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | $57.90 | 1 |
| AL | $45.74 | 1 |
| AR | $45.02 | 1 |
| AZ | $49.99 | 1 |
| CA | $55.15–$70.49 | 29 |
| CO | $54.01 | 1 |
| CT | $55.06 | 1 |
| DC | $59.49 | 1 |
| DE | $50.87 | 1 |
| FL | $50.09–$54.69 | 3 |
| GA | $47.08–$52.34 | 2 |
| GU | $56.78 | 1 |
| HI | $56.78 | 1 |
| IA | $47.26 | 1 |
| ID | $47.54 | 1 |
| IL | $48.34–$53.41 | 4 |
| IN | $47.85 | 1 |
| KS | $46.90 | 1 |
| KY | $46.68 | 1 |
| LA | $46.56–$49.09 | 2 |
| MA | $53.60–$59.83 | 2 |
| MD | $51.94–$59.49 | 3 |
| ME | $47.69–$50.69 | 2 |
| MI | $47.91–$50.65 | 2 |
| MN | $51.95 | 1 |
| MO | $45.60–$49.42 | 3 |
| MS | $45.33 | 1 |
| MT | $51.44 | 1 |
| NC | $48.26 | 1 |
| ND | $50.84 | 1 |
| NE | $47.57 | 1 |
| NH | $53.04 | 1 |
| NJ | $55.74–$58.77 | 2 |
| NM | $48.15 | 1 |
| NV | $51.31 | 1 |
| NY | $49.04–$60.78 | 5 |
| OH | $47.78 | 1 |
| OK | $46.71 | 1 |
| OR | $50.97–$55.99 | 2 |
| PA | $47.93–$53.51 | 2 |
| PR | $51.89 | 1 |
| RI | $52.88 | 1 |
| SC | $48.09 | 1 |
| SD | $50.77 | 1 |
| TN | $47.14 | 1 |
| TX | $47.58–$53.78 | 8 |
| UT | $48.81 | 1 |
| VA | $50.43–$59.49 | 2 |
| VI | $51.89 | 1 |
| VT | $50.52 | 1 |
| WA | $53.54–$61.22 | 2 |
| WI | $48.98 | 1 |
| WV | $46.36 | 1 |
| WY | $51.18 | 1 |
How the 99152 rate is calculated
Each of 99152’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 99152
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work0.25
0.25 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense1.26
1.26 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice0.03
0.03 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
1.5400
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$51.44
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact Colorado inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
12,990
- Code
- 99152
- Physician work
- 0.25
- Practice expense
- 1.26
- Malpractice
- 0.03
GPCI2026.csv
37
- Locality
- Colorado
- Physician work
- 1.012
- Practice expense
- 1.064
- Malpractice
- 0.781
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 0.25 | × 1.012 | 0.2530 |
| Practice expense | 1.26 | × 1.064 | 1.3406 |
| Malpractice | 0.03 | × 0.781 | 0.0234 |
| Total RVUs | 1.6171 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Office rate, Colorado$54.01
Office: (0.25 × 1.012 + 1.26 × 1.064 + 0.03 × 0.781) × $33.4009 = $54.01
Facility: (0.25 × 1.012 + 0.05 × 1.064 + 0.03 × 0.781) × $33.4009 = $11.01
Payment rules and modifiers for 99152
99152 has no global surgery period, no multiple-procedure, bilateral or assistant-at-surgery adjustment, and no professional/technical split. What changes the payment is where the service happens: the place of service on the claim decides whether Medicare pays the office or the facility rate.
Place of service · 99152
Which rate does Medicare pay?
The POS code on the claim line (CMS-1500 box 24B).
POS 11 · non-facility rate · national
$51.44
- Non-facility (office)
- $51.44
- Facility
- $11.02
Higher because the practice carries its own overhead.
How 99152 has changed in Colorado
99152 · Office / nonfacility
$54.01
Effective 2026-10-01
The base rate is $3.50 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $50.51 to $54.01 (6.9%).
It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
January 1, 2026
RVU26A
$50.51changed to$54.01
- Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
- Practice expense RVU 1.22 changed to 1.26
- Work GPCI 1.008 changed to 1.012
- Practice expense GPCI 1.053 changed to 1.064
- Malpractice GPCI 0.827 changed to 0.781
Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.
January 1, 2025
RVU25A
$52.33changed to$50.51
- Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
- Practice expense RVU 1.23 changed to 1.22
Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.
March 9, 2024
RVU24AR
$51.47changed to$52.33
- Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875
Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.
January 1, 2024
RVU24A
$52.65changed to$51.47
- Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
- Practice expense RVU 1.21 changed to 1.23
- Malpractice RVU 0.04 changed to 0.03
- Work GPCI 1.005 changed to 1.008
- Practice expense GPCI 1.050 changed to 1.053
- Malpractice GPCI 0.797 changed to 0.827
January 1, 2023
RVU23A
$53.93changed to$52.65
- Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
- Practice expense RVU 1.22 changed to 1.21
- Work GPCI 1.001 changed to 1.005
- Practice expense GPCI 1.047 changed to 1.050
- Malpractice GPCI 0.767 changed to 0.797
Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.
January 1, 2022
RVU22A
$54.57changed to$53.93
- Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
- Practice expense RVU 1.24 changed to 1.22
- Malpractice RVU 0.02 changed to 0.04
Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.
January 1, 2021
RVU21A
$52.92changed to$54.57
- Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
- Practice expense RVU 1.16 changed to 1.24
- Work GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.001
- Practice expense GPCI 1.033 changed to 1.047
- Malpractice GPCI 0.905 changed to 0.767
Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.
January 1, 2020
RVU20A
$52.69changed to$52.92
- Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
- Practice expense RVU 1.17 changed to 1.16
- Practice expense GPCI 1.018 changed to 1.033
- Malpractice GPCI 1.042 changed to 0.905
Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.
January 1, 2019
RVU19A
$53.37changed to$52.69
- Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
- Practice expense RVU 1.18 changed to 1.17
- Malpractice RVU 0.03 changed to 0.02
Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.
January 1, 2018
RVU18AR1
$52.72changed to$53.37
- Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
- Malpractice RVU 0.02 changed to 0.03
- Practice expense GPCI 1.015 changed to 1.018
- Malpractice GPCI 1.066 changed to 1.042
Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.
January 1, 2017
RVU17A
No ratechanged to$52.72
Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.
January 1, 2013
RVU13AR
Earliest loaded release: No rate
Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D, RVU16A, RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | $54.01 | $11.01 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | $54.01 | $11.01 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | $54.01 | $11.01 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | $54.01 | $11.01 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | $50.51 | $11.68 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | $50.51 | $11.68 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | $50.51 | $11.68 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | $50.51 | $11.68 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | $52.33 | $12.02 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | $52.33 | $12.02 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | $52.33 | $12.02 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | $52.33 | $12.02 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | $51.47 | $11.82 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | $52.65 | $12.44 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | $52.65 | $12.44 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | $52.65 | $12.44 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | $52.65 | $12.44 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | $53.93 | $12.62 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | $53.93 | $12.62 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | $53.93 | $12.62 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | $53.93 | $12.62 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | $54.57 | $12.56 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | $54.57 | $12.56 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | $54.57 | $12.56 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | $54.57 | $12.56 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | $52.92 | $12.66 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | $52.92 | $12.66 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | $52.92 | $12.66 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | $52.92 | $12.66 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | $52.69 | $12.70 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | $52.69 | $12.70 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | $52.69 | $12.70 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | $52.69 | $12.70 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | $53.37 | $13.06 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | $53.37 | $13.06 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | $53.37 | $13.06 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | $53.37 | $13.06 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | $52.72 | $12.65 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | $52.72 | $12.65 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | $52.72 | $12.65 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | $52.72 | $12.65 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not in this release | Not in this release | RVU13AR |
Where the Colorado rate applies
Colorado is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in Colorado. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Acres Green
- Aetna Estates
- Aguilar
- Air Force Academy
- Akron
- Alamosa
- Alamosa East
- Allenspark
99152 billing questions
What is the minimum time needed to report 99152?
At least 10 minutes of intraservice time is required. Sedation lasting under 10 minutes is not reported separately.
When is 99153 added?
Report one unit of 99153 when total intraservice time reaches 23 minutes. Additional units begin at 38 minutes, 53 minutes, and each subsequent 15-minute mark.
Can 99152 be billed if no independent observer is present?
No. This code requires a trained observer to monitor the patient while the proceduralist directs sedation and performs the procedure.
How does this differ from sedation provided by a separate clinician?
For a patient age 5 or older, a separate physician or qualified health care professional providing sedation reports 99156, adding 99157 only when the time warrants it. For a younger patient, the separate-provider initial code is 99155.
Should 99152 be used with a Medicare screening or diagnostic colonoscopy?
No. When the endoscopist provides moderate sedation for Medicare GI endoscopy to a patient age 5 or older, report G0500 instead of 99152.
Does the presedation evaluation count toward sedation time?
No. Presedation assessment, consent, and recovery monitoring after the proceduralist’s face-to-face attendance ends are excluded from intraservice time.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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