CPT code 99221: Initial hospital care, straightforward or low MDM, 40 minutes2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Minnesota
Report an initial inpatient or observation evaluation when decision making is straightforward or low, or qualifying practitioner time reaches 40 minutes.
In Minnesota, Medicare pays $70.41 for 99221 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 99221 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 99221 covers
This is the lowest of the three initial hospital care levels. It covers an initial evaluation during a hospital inpatient or observation stay by a physician or other qualified health professional. Hospitalists, attending physicians, and consulting specialists may use this family for their initial service, depending on services already provided by practitioners of the same specialty and group. The evaluation may include a medically appropriate history and examination and a plan for a stable, uncomplicated problem.
Select 99221 using straightforward or low medical decision making, or at least 40 minutes of qualifying practitioner time on the encounter date. Document the decision making or total time used for selection. Qualifying time can include chart review, orders, care coordination, and documentation, whether or not performed on the unit. When the same practitioner provides an office or emergency department service before admitting the patient that day, report the initial hospital service rather than a separate earlier visit. For Medicare, the admitting practitioner of record appends modifier AI to identify the admission service.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How Minnesota compares for 99221
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 99221 runs from $69.48 in Arkansas to $99.75 in Alaska. Minnesota pays $70.41. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- Minnesota · this page$70.41
- Los Angeles, CA · California$77.09+$6.68
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$80.58+$10.17
- Miami, FL · Florida$84.75+$14.34
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$83.15+$12.74
- Manhattan, NY · New York$83.91+$13.50
- Alaska · Alaska$99.75+$29.34
Other areas in Minnesota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $70.02 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $69.48 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $73.15 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $74.35 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $73.81 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $79.15 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $76.11 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $75.85 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $75.73 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $75.40 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $75.89 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $81.84 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $81.62 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $83.58 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $82.70 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $74.37 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $75.63 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $75.34 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $76.30 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $78.84 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $73.78 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $74.62 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $77.96 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $73.95 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $79.79 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $77.07 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $76.14 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $74.22 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $73.69 |
| IowaIowa | — | $69.49 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $70.04 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $79.82 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $76.87 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $80.13 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $70.22 |
| KansasKansas | — | $70.02 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $72.42 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $74.54 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $72.64 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $78.67 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $74.79 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $77.86 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $74.67 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $70.99 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $72.02 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $78.36 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $74.11 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $73.50 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $73.84 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $72.43 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $70.92 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $74.47 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $71.28 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $70.71 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $69.48 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $74.25 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $80.54 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $78.54 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | — | $74.62 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $73.44 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $86.00 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $79.57 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $83.27 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $71.91 |
| OhioOhio | — | $73.34 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $71.60 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $75.25 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $72.54 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $77.25 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $73.01 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | — | $74.54 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $75.28 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $72.49 |
| South DakotaSouth Dakota | — | $70.27 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $70.30 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $74.66 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $72.80 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $73.40 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $74.02 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $73.96 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $73.73 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $77.21 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $73.17 |
| UtahUtah | — | $73.02 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $72.39 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $74.54 |
| VermontVermont | — | $71.21 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $74.40 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $79.15 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $69.52 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $75.43 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $72.83 |
99221 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 99221 rate is calculated
Each of 99221’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 99221
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work1.63
1.63 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense0.41
0.41 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice0.19
0.19 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
2.2300
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$74.48
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact Minnesota inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
13,018
- Code
- 99221
- Physician work
- 1.63
- Practice expense
- 0.41
- Malpractice
- 0.19
GPCI2026.csv
66
- Locality
- Minnesota
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.029
- Malpractice
- 0.296
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 1.63 | × 1.000 | 1.6300 |
| Practice expense | 0.41 | × 1.029 | 0.4219 |
| Malpractice | 0.19 | × 0.296 | 0.0562 |
| Total RVUs | 2.1081 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, Minnesota$70.41
Facility: (1.63 × 1 + 0.41 × 1.029 + 0.19 × 0.296) × $33.4009 = $70.41
Payment rules and modifiers for 99221
99221 has no global surgery period, no multiple-procedure, bilateral or assistant-at-surgery adjustment, and no professional/technical split. What changes the payment is where the service happens: the place of service on the claim decides whether Medicare pays the office or the facility rate.
Place of service · 99221
Which rate does Medicare pay?
The POS code on the claim line (CMS-1500 box 24B).
POS 11 · non-facility rate · national
—
99221 isn’t priced in this setting.
How 99221 has changed in Minnesota
99221 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $70.41 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $70.41 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $70.41 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $70.41 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $76.26 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $76.26 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $76.26 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $76.26 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $78.23 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $78.23 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $78.23 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $78.23 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $76.96 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $79.67 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $79.67 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $79.67 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $79.67 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $96.35 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $96.35 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $96.35 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $96.35 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $97.03 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $97.03 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $97.03 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $97.03 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.86 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.86 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.86 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.86 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.00 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.00 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.00 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.00 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.26 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.26 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.26 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.26 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.94 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.94 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.94 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.94 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.30 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.30 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.30 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.30 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.03 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $99.03 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.53 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.53 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.27 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.27 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.27 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $98.27 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $95.28 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | Rate data unavailable | RVU13AR |
Where the Minnesota rate applies
Minnesota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 916 cities and communities in Minnesota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Ada
- Adams
- Adrian
- Afton
- Aitkin
- Akeley
- Albany
- Albert Lea
99221 billing questions
When should this code be chosen instead of 99222?
Use 99221 for straightforward or low MDM, or when selecting by time and at least 40 minutes is documented. Moderate MDM or at least 55 minutes supports 99222.
Can a consultant bill this code for Medicare patients?
Yes, if this is the consultant’s initial hospital service and its MDM or time supports 99221. Medicare consultants use the initial hospital care family rather than inpatient consultation codes; the admitting practitioner of record adds modifier AI.
Is the same-day emergency department visit billable when the ED physician admits the patient?
When the same practitioner evaluates the patient in the emergency department and then admits them on the same date, report the initial hospital service rather than a separate ED visit. Include the qualifying same-day work in selecting its level.
Does this code apply to observation stays?
Yes. The initial hospital care family covers both inpatient admissions and observation stays.
Can prolonged service time be added to this level?
Medicare’s prolonged inpatient or observation service is paired with 99223, not 99221. If selecting by time, use a higher initial care level when its minimum time is met.
What documentation supports a time-based selection?
Record qualifying practitioner time on the encounter date, including activities such as reviewing results and coordinating care. Exclude time spent solely by clinical staff or on separately billed services.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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