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CPT code 28011: Toe tendon release, multiple tendons2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Vermont

Percutaneous release of multiple tendons in a toe is reported when a surgeon treats a toe contracture by cutting more than one tendon.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality4.6K Medicare services in 2024

In Vermont, Medicare pays $312.21 for 28011 in the office and $256.65 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$312.21Office (non-facility)
$256.65Hospital or facility
−2.6%vs the national office rate ($320.65)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28011 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28011 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Vermont
  2. What 28011 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28011 covers

This service releases more than one tendon in a toe through a percutaneous approach, using small skin openings rather than an open exposure. It may be performed by a podiatric or orthopedic surgeon to address a toe contracture, such as a flexible deformity in which tendon tightness limits toe position. The operative note should identify the treated toe and the tendons released; the code is distinguished from the single-tendon service by the number of tendons treated.

Report the multiple-tendon service when the documented procedure releases multiple tendons, not merely because more than one toe is involved. Medicare assigns a 90-day global period, which includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during that period. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple-procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery, and co-surgeon and team-surgery billing are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Vermont compares for 28011

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28011 runs from $290.37 in Arkansas to $403.73 in San Benito County, CA. Vermont pays $312.21. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28011 in Vermont vs other payment areas
  1. Vermont · this page$312.21
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$352.44+$40.23
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$359.56+$47.35
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$348.46+$36.25
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$340.20+$27.99
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$364.75+$52.54
  7. Alaska · Alaska$395.04+$82.83

Other areas in Vermont first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28011 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$293.75$244.65
ArkansasArkansas$290.37$242.16
ArizonaArizona$313.48$259.10
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$334.04$272.54
Chico, CACalifornia$332.76$271.26
El Centro, CACalifornia$332.83$271.33
Fresno, CACalifornia$332.76$271.26
Hanford, CACalifornia$332.76$271.26

28011 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$290.37

$395.04

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28011 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$395.041
AL$293.751
AR$290.371
AZ$313.481
CA$332.76–$403.7329
CO$330.051
CT$339.221
DC$359.561
DE$317.951
FL$320.16–$348.463
GA$305.17–$326.502
GU$337.851
HI$337.851
IA$298.141
ID$300.021
IL$313.77–$340.204
IN$301.371
KS$297.761
KY$300.871
LA$300.79–$312.622
MA$328.98–$357.382
MD$322.93–$359.563
ME$302.06–$314.092
MI$307.83–$324.172
MN$315.871
MO$297.15–$312.633
MS$293.771
MT$320.621
NC$304.471
ND$312.511
NE$299.221
NH$325.811
NJ$342.97–$357.182
NM$309.481
NV$318.531
NY$308.20–$372.995
OH$306.171
OK$299.651
OR$315.91–$337.982
PA$306.15–$332.672
PR$322.291
RI$327.351
SC$305.851
SD$311.561
TN$299.051
TX$304.59–$329.098
UT$309.191
VA$313.77–$359.562
VI$322.291
VT$312.211
WA$328.07–$363.172
WI$304.131
WV$304.591
WY$317.091

See 28011 in every payment locality

How the 28011 rate is calculated

Each of 28011’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28011

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work4.17

4.17 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense5.02

5.02 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.41

0.41 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

9.6000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$320.65

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Vermont inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,093

Code
28011
Physician work
4.17
Practice expense
5.02
Malpractice
0.41

GPCI2026.csv

105

Locality
Vermont
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.990
Malpractice
0.506
Office calculation for 28011 in Vermont
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work4.17× 1.0004.1700
Practice expense5.02× 0.9904.9698
Malpractice0.41× 0.5060.2075
Total RVUs9.3473
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Vermont$312.21

Office: (4.17 × 1 + 5.02 × 0.99 + 0.41 × 0.506) × $33.4009 = $312.21

Facility: (4.17 × 1 + 3.34 × 0.99 + 0.41 × 0.506) × $33.4009 = $256.65

Open 28011 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28011

28011 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28011

Toe tendon release, multiple tendons

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28011

Toe tendon release, multiple tendons

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28011 without 51 · national office

$320.65

Toe tendon release, multiple tendons

28011-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$160.33

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

Codes related to 28011

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 28011
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Vermont
Same family
28010Toe tendon release, single tendon, percutaneousPercutaneous release of a single toe tendon; 28011 distinguishes multiple tendons.$229.89
Used instead
28270Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each jointJoint capsulotomy may address a toe contracture when the correction requires joint release.$477.29
28285Hammertoe repair, lesser-toe deformity correctionHammertoe correction is a different operative approach for structural toe deformity.$534.77

How 28011 has changed in Vermont

28011 · Office / nonfacility

$312.21

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $7.27 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $304.94 to $312.21 (2.4%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $304.94changed to$312.21

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 4.28 changed to 4.17
    • Practice expense RVU 4.98 changed to 5.02
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.41
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.993 changed to 0.990
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.518 changed to 0.506

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $310.50changed to$304.94

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 4.88 changed to 4.98

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $305.43changed to$310.50

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $311.31changed to$305.43

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 4.72 changed to 4.88
    • Malpractice RVU 0.37 changed to 0.39
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.997 changed to 0.993
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.543 changed to 0.518

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $314.30changed to$311.31

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 4.57 changed to 4.72
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.37
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.001 changed to 0.997
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.569 changed to 0.543

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $316.06changed to$314.30

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 4.54 changed to 4.57
    • Malpractice RVU 0.41 changed to 0.40

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $323.29changed to$316.06

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 4.41 changed to 4.54
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.41
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.008 changed to 1.001
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.582 changed to 0.569

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $326.27changed to$323.29

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 4.48 changed to 4.41
    • Malpractice RVU 0.38 changed to 0.40
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.015 changed to 1.008
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.595 changed to 0.582

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $327.59changed to$326.27

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 4.52 changed to 4.48
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.38

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $327.34changed to$327.59

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 4.54 changed to 4.52
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.39
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.010 changed to 1.015
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.639 changed to 0.595

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $327.53changed to$327.34

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 4.57 changed to 4.54
    • Malpractice RVU 0.41 changed to 0.40
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.004 changed to 1.010
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.682 changed to 0.639

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $329.09changed to$327.53

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 4.56 changed to 4.57
    • Malpractice RVU 0.44 changed to 0.41

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $327.45changed to$329.09

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $327.34changed to$327.45

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 4.54 changed to 4.56
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.44
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.006 changed to 1.004
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.618 changed to 0.682

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    No ratechanged to$327.34

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$312.21$256.65RVU26D
2026-07-01$312.21$256.65RVU26C
2026-04-01$312.21$256.65RVU26B
2026-01-01$312.21$256.65RVU26A
2025-10-01$304.94$270.57RVU25D
2025-07-01$304.94$270.57RVU25C
2025-04-01$304.94$270.57RVU25B
2025-01-01$304.94$270.57RVU25A
2024-10-01$310.50$274.80RVU24D
2024-07-01$310.50$274.80RVU24C
2024-04-01$310.50$274.80RVU24B
2024-03-09$310.50$274.80RVU24AR
2024-01-01$305.43$270.32RVU24A
2023-10-01$311.31$275.16RVU23D
2023-07-01$311.31$275.16RVU23C
2023-04-01$311.31$275.16RVU23B
2023-01-01$311.31$275.16RVU23A
2022-10-01$314.30$278.27RVU22D
2022-07-01$314.30$278.27RVU22C
2022-04-01$314.30$278.27RVU22B
2022-01-01$314.30$278.27RVU22A
2021-10-01$316.06$279.03RVU21D
2021-07-01$316.06$279.03RVU21C
2021-04-01$316.06$279.03RVU21B
2021-01-01$316.06$279.03RVU21A
2020-10-01$323.29$287.28RVU20D
2020-07-01$323.29$287.28RVU20C
2020-04-01$323.29$287.28RVU20B
2020-01-01$323.29$287.28RVU20A
2019-10-01$326.27$289.69RVU19D
2019-07-01$326.27$289.69RVU19C
2019-04-01$326.27$289.69RVU19B
2019-01-01$326.27$289.69RVU19A
2018-10-01$327.59$291.78RVU18D
2018-07-01$327.59$291.78RVU18C
2018-04-01$327.59$291.78RVU18B
2018-01-01$327.59$291.78RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$327.34$291.82RVU17D
2017-07-01$327.34$291.82RVU17C
2017-04-01$327.34$291.82RVU17B
2017-01-01$327.34$291.82RVU17A
2016-10-01$327.53$291.95RVU16D
2016-07-01$327.53$291.95RVU16C
2016-04-01$327.53$291.95RVU16B
2016-01-01$327.53$291.95RVU16A
2015-10-01$329.09$293.01RVU15D
2015-07-01$329.09$293.01RVU15C
2015-04-01$327.45$291.56RVU15B
2015-01-01$327.45$291.56RVU15A
2014-10-01$327.34$292.38RVU14D
2014-07-01$327.34$292.38RVU14C
2014-04-01$327.34$292.38RVU14B
2014-01-01$327.34$292.38RVU14A
2013-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13D
2013-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13C
2013-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13B
2013-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13AR

Price 28011 for an earlier date of service

Where the Vermont rate applies

Vermont is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 180 cities and communities in Vermont. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Albany
  • Alburgh
  • Algiers
  • Arlington
  • Ascutney
  • Bakersfield
  • Barnet
  • Barre

Browse all communities in Vermont

28011 billing questions

How does this differ from 28010?

28011 is for percutaneous release of multiple tendons in a toe. 28010 is the corresponding single-tendon service.

Does treating more than one toe establish multiple tendons?

No. The distinction is the number of tendons released, not simply the number of toes treated. Document the toe and tendons addressed.

Can modifier 50 be used for bilateral treatment?

No. CMS identifies bilateral adjustment as inappropriate for this code. Do not use modifier 50 to report it bilaterally.

What postoperative care is included?

The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the 90 days after surgery.

Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28011PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,093 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for VermontGPCI2026.csv, line 105 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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