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CPT code 28045: Foot mass excision, deep, under 1.5 cm2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Connecticut

Reports surgical removal of a deep soft-tissue mass in the foot or toe when the lesion measures less than 1.5 cm.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality1.1K Medicare services in 2024

In Connecticut, Medicare pays $514.61 for 28045 in the office and $346.98 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$514.61Office (non-facility)
$346.98Hospital or facility
+6.1%vs the national office rate ($484.98)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28045 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28045 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Connecticut
  2. What 28045 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28045 covers

A foot or ankle surgeon, often an orthopedic surgeon or podiatrist, uses this code for excision of a small mass in the foot or toe that lies in deeper tissue rather than being confined to the subcutaneous layer. The service involves surgically exposing and removing the lesion; the setting may be an operating room or an office procedure setting, depending on the case and resources needed.

Select this code when the documented lesion is in the foot or toe, is deep, and measures less than 1.5 cm. The operative report should identify the site, depth, lesion size, and removal performed; pathology findings may further describe the specimen. Medicare assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. When multiple procedures occur in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50%. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Assistant-at-surgery payment requires documented medical necessity; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Connecticut compares for 28045

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28045 runs from $435.40 in Arkansas to $624.12 in San Benito County, CA. Connecticut pays $514.61. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28045 in Connecticut vs other payment areas
  1. Connecticut · this page$514.61
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$539.19+$24.58
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$548.14+$33.53
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$524.43+$9.82
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$511.03−$3.58
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$553.81+$39.20
  7. Alaska · Alaska$584.39+$69.78

Other areas in Connecticut first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28045 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$440.96$304.76
ArkansasArkansas$435.40$301.70
ArizonaArizona$473.41$322.58
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$509.10$338.51
Chico, CACalifornia$507.43$336.84
El Centro, CACalifornia$507.52$336.93
Fresno, CACalifornia$507.43$336.84
Hanford, CACalifornia$507.43$336.84

28045 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$435.40

$584.39

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28045 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$584.391
AL$440.961
AR$435.401
AZ$473.411
CA$507.43–$624.1229
CO$501.691
CT$514.611
DC$548.141
DE$480.571
FL$481.31–$524.433
GA$457.17–$493.772
GU$517.061
HI$517.061
IA$449.491
ID$452.311
IL$469.94–$511.034
IN$454.571
KS$448.231
KY$451.301
LA$450.92–$470.352
MA$499.51–$546.452
MD$488.75–$548.143
ME$455.00–$475.722
MI$462.11–$487.222
MN$480.681
MO$444.55–$471.123
MS$440.021
MT$484.941
NC$459.071
ND$474.271
NE$451.461
NH$494.601
NJ$520.47–$543.712
NM$464.571
NV$482.261
NY$465.14–$566.525
OH$459.931
OK$449.971
OR$478.47–$515.352
PA$460.24–$503.532
PR$487.901
RI$495.961
SC$460.271
SD$473.001
TN$450.281
TX$457.64–$500.088
UT$465.771
VA$474.76–$548.142
VI$487.901
VT$473.181
WA$498.32–$556.282
WI$460.341
WV$454.821
WY$480.291

See 28045 in every payment locality

How the 28045 rate is calculated

Each of 28045’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28045

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work5.31

5.31 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense8.67

8.67 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.54

0.54 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

14.5200

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$484.98

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Connecticut inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,101

Code
28045
Physician work
5.31
Practice expense
8.67
Malpractice
0.54

GPCI2026.csv

38

Locality
Connecticut
Physician work
1.020
Practice expense
1.077
Malpractice
1.210
Office calculation for 28045 in Connecticut
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work5.31× 1.0205.4162
Practice expense8.67× 1.0779.3376
Malpractice0.54× 1.2100.6534
Total RVUs15.4072
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Connecticut$514.61

Office: (5.31 × 1.02 + 8.67 × 1.077 + 0.54 × 1.21) × $33.4009 = $514.61

Facility: (5.31 × 1.02 + 4.01 × 1.077 + 0.54 × 1.21) × $33.4009 = $346.98

Open 28045 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28045

28045 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28045

Foot mass excision, deep, under 1.5 cm

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28045

Foot mass excision, deep, under 1.5 cm

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28045 without 50 · national office

$484.98

Foot mass excision, deep, under 1.5 cm

28045-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$727.47

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

Codes related to 28045

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 28045
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Connecticut
Same family
28043Tumor excision, subcutaneous, under 1.5 cmSmall foot or toe mass excision in the subcutaneous layer rather than deeper tissue.$405.96
28041Tumor excision, deep, 1.5 cm or largerDeep foot or toe mass excision for lesions measuring 1.5 cm or greater.No office rate
28039Tumor excision, subcutaneous, 1.5 cm or largerSubcutaneous foot or toe mass excision for lesions measuring 1.5 cm or greater.$505.90
Used instead
28046Tumor resection, soft tissue under 3 cmResection code for a foot or toe tumor under 3 cm when the service is a resection.No office rate
28047Tumor resection, 3 cm or largerResection code for a foot or toe tumor measuring 3 cm or greater.No office rate

How 28045 has changed in Connecticut

28045 · Office / nonfacility

$514.61

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $14.14 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $500.47 to $514.61 (2.8%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $500.47changed to$514.61

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 5.45 changed to 5.31
    • Practice expense RVU 8.49 changed to 8.67
    • Malpractice RVU 0.53 changed to 0.54
    • Work GPCI 1.022 changed to 1.020
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.091 changed to 1.077
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.207 changed to 1.210

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $513.18changed to$500.47

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 8.45 changed to 8.49
    • Malpractice RVU 0.52 changed to 0.53

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $504.80changed to$513.18

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $521.26changed to$504.80

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 8.35 changed to 8.45
    • Malpractice RVU 0.53 changed to 0.52
    • Work GPCI 1.030 changed to 1.022
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.102 changed to 1.091
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.070 changed to 1.207

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $526.58changed to$521.26

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 8.15 changed to 8.35
    • Malpractice RVU 0.52 changed to 0.53
    • Work GPCI 1.037 changed to 1.030
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.114 changed to 1.102
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.934 changed to 1.070

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $540.73changed to$526.58

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 8.41 changed to 8.15
    • Malpractice RVU 0.51 changed to 0.52

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $547.49changed to$540.73

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 8.09 changed to 8.41
    • Work GPCI 1.029 changed to 1.037
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.113 changed to 1.114
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.094 changed to 0.934

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $554.82changed to$547.49

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 8.31 changed to 8.09
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.51
    • Work GPCI 1.021 changed to 1.029
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.112 changed to 1.113
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.255 changed to 1.094

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $559.47changed to$554.82

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 8.43 changed to 8.31
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.47

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $558.66changed to$559.47

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 8.41 changed to 8.43
    • Work GPCI 1.023 changed to 1.021
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.117 changed to 1.112
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.244 changed to 1.255

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $556.49changed to$558.66

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 8.37 changed to 8.41
    • Malpractice RVU 0.47 changed to 0.48
    • Work GPCI 1.024 changed to 1.023
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.121 changed to 1.117
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.232 changed to 1.244

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $557.77changed to$556.49

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 8.33 changed to 8.37
    • Malpractice RVU 0.49 changed to 0.47

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $555.00changed to$557.77

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $553.21changed to$555.00

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 8.24 changed to 8.33
    • Malpractice RVU 0.54 changed to 0.49
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.116 changed to 1.121
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.234 changed to 1.232

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $556.69changed to$553.21

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 9.09 changed to 8.24
    • Malpractice RVU 0.56 changed to 0.54
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.110 changed to 1.116
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.235 changed to 1.234

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $556.69

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$514.61$346.98RVU26D
2026-07-01$514.61$346.98RVU26C
2026-04-01$514.61$346.98RVU26B
2026-01-01$514.61$346.98RVU26A
2025-10-01$500.47$365.66RVU25D
2025-07-01$500.47$365.66RVU25C
2025-04-01$500.47$365.66RVU25B
2025-01-01$500.47$365.66RVU25A
2024-10-01$513.18$370.82RVU24D
2024-07-01$513.18$370.82RVU24C
2024-04-01$513.18$370.82RVU24B
2024-03-09$513.18$370.82RVU24AR
2024-01-01$504.80$364.76RVU24A
2023-10-01$521.26$373.38RVU23D
2023-07-01$521.26$373.38RVU23C
2023-04-01$521.26$373.38RVU23B
2023-01-01$521.26$373.38RVU23A
2022-10-01$526.58$373.15RVU22D
2022-07-01$526.58$373.15RVU22C
2022-04-01$526.58$373.15RVU22B
2022-01-01$526.58$373.15RVU22A
2021-10-01$540.73$375.14RVU21D
2021-07-01$540.73$375.14RVU21C
2021-04-01$540.73$375.14RVU21B
2021-01-01$540.73$375.14RVU21A
2020-10-01$547.49$383.60RVU20D
2020-07-01$547.49$383.60RVU20C
2020-04-01$547.49$383.60RVU20B
2020-01-01$547.49$383.60RVU20A
2019-10-01$554.82$385.30RVU19D
2019-07-01$554.82$385.30RVU19C
2019-04-01$554.82$385.30RVU19B
2019-01-01$554.82$385.30RVU19A
2018-10-01$559.47$386.13RVU18D
2018-07-01$559.47$386.13RVU18C
2018-04-01$559.47$386.13RVU18B
2018-01-01$559.47$386.13RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$558.66$385.88RVU17D
2017-07-01$558.66$385.88RVU17C
2017-04-01$558.66$385.88RVU17B
2017-01-01$558.66$385.88RVU17A
2016-10-01$556.49$384.31RVU16D
2016-07-01$556.49$384.31RVU16C
2016-04-01$556.49$384.31RVU16B
2016-01-01$556.49$384.31RVU16A
2015-10-01$557.77$384.56RVU15D
2015-07-01$557.77$384.56RVU15C
2015-04-01$555.00$382.65RVU15B
2015-01-01$555.00$382.65RVU15A
2014-10-01$553.21$384.50RVU14D
2014-07-01$553.21$384.50RVU14C
2014-04-01$553.21$384.50RVU14B
2014-01-01$553.21$384.50RVU14A
2013-10-01$556.69$379.20RVU13D
2013-07-01$556.69$379.20RVU13C
2013-04-01$556.69$379.20RVU13B
2013-01-01$556.69$379.20RVU13AR

Price 28045 for an earlier date of service

Where the Connecticut rate applies

Connecticut is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 215 cities and communities in Connecticut. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Ansonia
  • Ball Pond
  • Baltic
  • Bantam
  • Bethel
  • Bethlehem Village
  • Bigelow Corners
  • Blue Hills

Browse all communities in Connecticut

28045 billing questions

How does this code differ from 28043?

Use 28045 for a deep lesion under 1.5 cm. Code 28043 is for a lesion of that size confined to the subcutaneous layer.

Does lesion size refer to the incision?

No. Document the size of the lesion, along with its depth and foot or toe location; the incision length does not establish the size category.

When should 28041 be considered instead?

Use 28041 for a deep foot or toe lesion measuring 1.5 cm or greater. The distinction from 28045 is the documented lesion size.

How is bilateral surgery reported?

For bilateral procedures, report modifier 50; CMS pays this code at 150%.

Are routine postoperative visits separately included?

Related postoperative care during the 90-day global period is included, as is the day-before preoperative visit.

Can an assistant surgeon be paid for this procedure?

Assistant-at-surgery payment is available only with documentation of medical necessity. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28045PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,101 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for ConnecticutGPCI2026.csv, line 38 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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