CPT code 28103: Foot bone lesion, tarsal or metatarsal, autograft2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota
Reports excision or curettage of a benign bone lesion in a tarsal or metatarsal bone when the defect is filled with autograft.
In South Dakota, Medicare pays $349.53 for 28103 in a facility. There’s no office rate.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28103 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 28103 covers
An orthopedic or podiatric surgeon uses this service to remove or curette a bone cyst or benign tumor in a tarsal or metatarsal bone and fill the resulting defect with the patient’s bone graft. The procedure is performed in an operative setting; the graft may be harvested as part of the service. The code is specific to these foot bones, rather than the talus or calcaneus or a toe phalanx.
Report it when the operative record identifies the treated bone and lesion, describes excision or curettage, and documents autograft placement. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. For multiple procedures in one session, CMS pays the highest-valued procedure in full and others at 50%. Bilateral reporting with modifier 50 is paid at 150%. An assistant at surgery may be paid; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How South Dakota compares for 28103
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 28103 runs from $335.02 in Arkansas to $470.24 in Alaska. South Dakota pays $349.53. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- South Dakota · this page$349.53
- Los Angeles, CA · California$387.57+$38.04
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$398.00+$48.47
- Miami, FL · Florida$395.00+$45.47
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$387.67+$38.14
- Manhattan, NY · New York$406.85+$57.32
- Alaska · Alaska$470.24+$120.71
Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | — | $337.98 |
| ArkansasArkansas | — | $335.02 |
| ArizonaArizona | — | $355.17 |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | — | $370.79 |
| Chico, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | — | $369.11 |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Madera, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Merced, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Napa, CACalifornia | — | $406.52 |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | — | $383.86 |
| Redding, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | — | $375.06 |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | — | $381.60 |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | — | $380.01 |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | — | $384.58 |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | — | $424.18 |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | — | $423.56 |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | — | $432.89 |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | — | $430.34 |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | — | $374.45 |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | — | $384.91 |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | — | $380.25 |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | — | $388.51 |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | — | $405.62 |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | — | $369.02 |
| ColoradoColorado | — | $368.39 |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | — | $379.65 |
| DelawareDelaware | — | $359.45 |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | — | $378.22 |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | — | $365.42 |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | — | $368.10 |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | — | $351.62 |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | — | $371.29 |
| IowaIowa | — | $339.92 |
| IdahoIdaho | — | $341.95 |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | — | $370.26 |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | — | $361.09 |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | — | $380.84 |
| IndianaIndiana | — | $343.07 |
| KansasKansas | — | $340.50 |
| KentuckyKentucky | — | $346.16 |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | — | $356.78 |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | — | $346.44 |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | — | $393.11 |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | — | $368.17 |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | — | $378.78 |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | — | $363.91 |
| Rest of MaineMaine | — | $344.69 |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | — | $353.82 |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | — | $369.91 |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | — | $353.12 |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | — | $352.46 |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | — | $353.61 |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | — | $355.71 |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | — | $343.83 |
| MississippiMississippi | — | $339.39 |
| MontanaMontana | — | $361.70 |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | — | $346.64 |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | — | $350.82 |
| NebraskaNebraska | — | $340.58 |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | — | $364.61 |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $396.86 |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | — | $383.81 |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | — | $354.95 |
| NevadaNevada | — | $358.79 |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | — | $415.23 |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | — | $387.35 |
| Queens, NYNew York | — | $406.72 |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | — | $349.96 |
| OhioOhio | — | $350.89 |
| OklahomaOklahoma | — | $344.13 |
| Portland, OROregon | — | $374.52 |
| Rest of OregonOregon | — | $355.77 |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | — | $374.36 |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | — | $350.37 |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | — | $362.84 |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | — | $368.04 |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | — | $349.38 |
| TennesseeTennessee | — | $341.74 |
| Austin, TXTexas | — | $367.39 |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | — | $349.06 |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | — | $358.29 |
| Dallas, TXTexas | — | $360.57 |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | — | $359.55 |
| Galveston, TXTexas | — | $359.43 |
| Houston, TXTexas | — | $369.49 |
| Rest of TexasTexas | — | $353.51 |
| UtahUtah | — | $352.28 |
| VirginiaVirginia | — | $354.18 |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | — | $362.84 |
| VermontVermont | — | $351.39 |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | — | $366.86 |
| King County, WAWashington | — | $397.89 |
| WisconsinWisconsin | — | $343.72 |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | — | $353.11 |
| WyomingWyoming | — | $356.96 |
28103 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | No published base rate | 1 |
| AL | No published base rate | 1 |
| AR | No published base rate | 1 |
| AZ | No published base rate | 1 |
| CA | No published base rate | 29 |
| CO | No published base rate | 1 |
| CT | No published base rate | 1 |
| DC | No published base rate | 1 |
| DE | No published base rate | 1 |
| FL | No published base rate | 3 |
| GA | No published base rate | 2 |
| GU | No published base rate | 1 |
| HI | No published base rate | 1 |
| IA | No published base rate | 1 |
| ID | No published base rate | 1 |
| IL | No published base rate | 4 |
| IN | No published base rate | 1 |
| KS | No published base rate | 1 |
| KY | No published base rate | 1 |
| LA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MA | No published base rate | 2 |
| MD | No published base rate | 3 |
| ME | No published base rate | 2 |
| MI | No published base rate | 2 |
| MN | No published base rate | 1 |
| MO | No published base rate | 3 |
| MS | No published base rate | 1 |
| MT | No published base rate | 1 |
| NC | No published base rate | 1 |
| ND | No published base rate | 1 |
| NE | No published base rate | 1 |
| NH | No published base rate | 1 |
| NJ | No published base rate | 2 |
| NM | No published base rate | 1 |
| NV | No published base rate | 1 |
| NY | No published base rate | 5 |
| OH | No published base rate | 1 |
| OK | No published base rate | 1 |
| OR | No published base rate | 2 |
| PA | No published base rate | 2 |
| PR | No published base rate | 1 |
| RI | No published base rate | 1 |
| SC | No published base rate | 1 |
| SD | No published base rate | 1 |
| TN | No published base rate | 1 |
| TX | No published base rate | 8 |
| UT | No published base rate | 1 |
| VA | No published base rate | 2 |
| VI | No published base rate | 1 |
| VT | No published base rate | 1 |
| WA | No published base rate | 2 |
| WI | No published base rate | 1 |
| WV | No published base rate | 1 |
| WY | No published base rate | 1 |
How the 28103 rate is calculated
Each of 28103’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 28103
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work6.50
6.50 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense3.78
3.78 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice0.55
0.55 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
10.8300
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$361.73
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
3,119
- Code
- 28103
- Physician work
- 6.50
- Practice expense
- 3.78
- Malpractice
- 0.55
GPCI2026.csv
94
- Locality
- South Dakota
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.000
- Malpractice
- 0.336
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 6.50 | × 1.000 | 6.5000 |
| Practice expense | 3.78 | × 1.000 | 3.7800 |
| Malpractice | 0.55 | × 0.336 | 0.1848 |
| Total RVUs | 10.4648 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Facility rate, South Dakota$349.53
Facility: (6.5 × 1 + 3.78 × 1 + 0.55 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $349.53
Payment rules and modifiers for 28103
28103 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.
CMS payment indicators · 28103
Foot bone lesion, tarsal or metatarsal, autograft
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | 090 | Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included. |
| Multiple procedures | 2 | Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 1 | Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 2 | Paid. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 0 | Physician service: no professional/technical split. |
| Split (54/55/56) | 0.10/0.69/0.21 | Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care. |
Global surgery period · 28103
Foot bone lesion, tarsal or metatarsal, autograft
90-day global period ends
Dec 30, 2026
Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).
Visit on Oct 31, 2026
Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.
Pre-op dayGlobal period
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier 50 · payment effect
With and without the modifier
28103 without 50 · national facility
$361.73
Foot bone lesion, tarsal or metatarsal, autograft
28103-50 · Bilateral: 150%
$542.60
Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).
How 28103 has changed in South Dakota
28103 · Office / nonfacility
Rate unavailable
Effective 2026-10-01
A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $349.53 | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $349.53 | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $349.53 | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $349.53 | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $370.65 | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $370.65 | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $370.65 | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $370.65 | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $378.43 | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $378.43 | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $378.43 | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | Not available in this setting | $378.43 | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $372.26 | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $379.05 | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $379.05 | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $379.05 | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $379.05 | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $381.74 | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $381.74 | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $381.74 | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $381.74 | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $383.02 | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $383.02 | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $383.02 | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $383.02 | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.01 | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.01 | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.01 | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.01 | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $395.53 | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $395.53 | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $395.53 | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $395.53 | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.88 | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.88 | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.88 | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $394.88 | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $398.99 | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $398.99 | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $398.99 | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $398.99 | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $393.42 | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $393.42 | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $393.42 | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $393.42 | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $393.69 | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $393.69 | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $391.73 | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $391.73 | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $392.61 | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $392.61 | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $392.61 | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $392.61 | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | Not available in this setting | $384.66 | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | Not available in this setting | $384.66 | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | Not available in this setting | $384.66 | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | Not available in this setting | $384.66 | RVU13AR |
Where the South Dakota rate applies
South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Aberdeen
- Agar
- Agency Village
- Akaska
- Albee
- Alcester
- Alexandria
- Allen
28103 billing questions
How does 28103 differ from 28102?
28103 is for a tarsal or metatarsal bone. 28102 is for a lesion in the talus or calcaneus.
When should 28104 be considered instead?
28104 describes the corresponding tarsal or metatarsal lesion procedure using allograft. 28103 includes autograft.
Is graft harvesting separately reported?
The autograft harvest is included in 28103. Document the graft placement and its relationship to the treated bone defect.
What documentation supports this code?
Record the specific tarsal or metatarsal bone, lesion, excision or curettage performed, and autograft placement.
How does the 90-day global period affect follow-up care?
The day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care are included in the global period.
Can 28103 be reported bilaterally or with another procedure?
CMS pays bilateral reporting with modifier 50 at 150%. When multiple procedures are performed in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and others at 50%.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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