CPT code 28107: Bone lesion surgery, tarsal or metatarsal, allograft2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota

Reports removal or curettage of a benign bone lesion or cyst in a tarsal or metatarsal bone when an allograft is used to fill the defect.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality80 Medicare services in 2024

In South Dakota, Medicare pays $487.25 for 28107 in the office and $314.57 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$487.25Office (non-facility)
$314.57Hospital or facility
−2.1%vs the national office rate ($497.67)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28107 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28107 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in South Dakota
  2. What 28107 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28107 covers

A foot-and-ankle orthopedic surgeon or podiatric surgeon removes or curettes a bone cyst or benign tumor in a tarsal or metatarsal bone and uses donor bone material to fill the resulting defect. The service is generally performed in an operating room or other surgical facility. The code is specific to these foot bones; a lesion in the talus or calcaneus belongs to a different code group.

Select this code when the operative report identifies the tarsal or metatarsal bone treated, the lesion removal or curettage, and use of an allograft. The grafting work is represented in the service, so do not separately report a graft procedure for that same defect. CMS assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the following 90 days. When multiple procedures are performed in one session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate. An assistant at surgery may be paid; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How South Dakota compares for 28107

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28107 runs from $448.43 in Arkansas to $641.43 in San Benito County, CA. South Dakota pays $487.25. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28107 in South Dakota vs other payment areas
  1. South Dakota · this page$487.25
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$554.09+$66.84
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$562.09+$74.84
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$533.78+$46.53
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$520.79+$33.54
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$566.65+$79.40
  7. Alaska · Alaska$603.17+$115.92

Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28107 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$453.95$302.85
ArkansasArkansas$448.43$300.09
ArizonaArizona$486.26$318.93
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$523.43$334.17
Chico, CACalifornia$521.91$332.65
El Centro, CACalifornia$521.99$332.73
Fresno, CACalifornia$521.91$332.65
Hanford, CACalifornia$521.91$332.65

28107 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$448.43

$603.17

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28107 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$603.171
AL$453.951
AR$448.431
AZ$486.261
CA$521.91–$641.4329
CO$515.371
CT$527.441
DC$562.091
DE$493.481
FL$492.58–$533.783
GA$468.80–$506.112
GU$531.521
HI$531.521
IA$463.111
ID$465.781
IL$480.82–$520.794
IN$468.051
KS$461.541
KY$463.561
LA$463.06–$482.392
MA$513.12–$560.882
MD$501.80–$562.093
ME$468.12–$489.222
MI$474.01–$498.112
MN$495.181
MO$456.52–$483.533
MS$452.531
MT$497.641
NC$472.221
ND$488.351
NE$465.171
NH$507.821
NJ$533.83–$557.752
NM$476.321
NV$495.351
NY$478.25–$578.885
OH$472.111
OK$462.581
OR$491.83–$529.422
PA$472.60–$516.172
PR$500.691
RI$509.271
SC$472.881
SD$487.251
TN$463.541
TX$469.99–$513.388
UT$478.361
VA$488.04–$562.092
VI$500.691
VT$486.971
WA$512.00–$571.162
WI$474.411
WV$465.761
WY$493.591

See 28107 in every payment locality

How the 28107 rate is calculated

Each of 28107’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28107

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work5.59

5.59 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense8.84

8.84 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.47

0.47 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

14.9000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$497.67

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,122

Code
28107
Physician work
5.59
Practice expense
8.84
Malpractice
0.47

GPCI2026.csv

94

Locality
South Dakota
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.000
Malpractice
0.336
Office calculation for 28107 in South Dakota
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work5.59× 1.0005.5900
Practice expense8.84× 1.0008.8400
Malpractice0.47× 0.3360.1579
Total RVUs14.5879
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, South Dakota$487.25

Office: (5.59 × 1 + 8.84 × 1 + 0.47 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $487.25

Facility: (5.59 × 1 + 3.67 × 1 + 0.47 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $314.57

Open 28107 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28107

28107 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28107

Bone lesion surgery, tarsal or metatarsal, allograft

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)2Paid.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28107

Bone lesion surgery, tarsal or metatarsal, allograft

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28107 without 51 · national office

$497.67

Bone lesion surgery, tarsal or metatarsal, allograft

28107-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$248.84

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

How 28107 has changed in South Dakota

28107 · Office / nonfacility

$487.25

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $4.86 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $482.39 to $487.25 (1.0%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $482.39changed to$487.25

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 5.73 changed to 5.59
    • Practice expense RVU 9.00 changed to 8.84
    • Malpractice RVU 0.48 changed to 0.47
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.382 changed to 0.336

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $497.05changed to$482.39

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 9.03 changed to 9.00
    • Malpractice RVU 0.45 changed to 0.48

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $488.93changed to$497.05

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $498.49changed to$488.93

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 8.82 changed to 9.03
    • Malpractice RVU 0.44 changed to 0.45
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.364 changed to 0.382
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $505.00changed to$498.49

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 8.71 changed to 8.82
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.347 changed to 0.364

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $575.92changed to$505.00

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 10.56 changed to 8.71
    • Malpractice RVU 0.62 changed to 0.44

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $522.65changed to$575.92

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 8.59 changed to 10.56
    • Malpractice RVU 0.44 changed to 0.62
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.368 changed to 0.347

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $527.45changed to$522.65

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 8.75 changed to 8.59
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.44
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.389 changed to 0.368

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $527.82changed to$527.45

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 8.78 changed to 8.75
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.40

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $527.06changed to$527.82

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 8.79 changed to 8.78
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.39
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.395 changed to 0.389

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $565.71changed to$527.06

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 9.85 changed to 8.79
    • Malpractice RVU 0.55 changed to 0.42
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.400 changed to 0.395

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $526.50changed to$565.71

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 8.75 changed to 9.85
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.55

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $523.88changed to$526.50

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $554.41changed to$523.88

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 9.58 changed to 8.75
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.43
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.400

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $522.98changed to$554.41

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 9.46 changed to 9.58
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.40
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.432 changed to 0.416

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $522.98

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$487.25$314.57RVU26D
2026-07-01$487.25$314.57RVU26C
2026-04-01$487.25$314.57RVU26B
2026-01-01$487.25$314.57RVU26A
2025-10-01$482.39$332.63RVU25D
2025-07-01$482.39$332.63RVU25C
2025-04-01$482.39$332.63RVU25B
2025-01-01$482.39$332.63RVU25A
2024-10-01$497.05$338.93RVU24D
2024-07-01$497.05$338.93RVU24C
2024-04-01$497.05$338.93RVU24B
2024-03-09$497.05$338.93RVU24AR
2024-01-01$488.93$333.40RVU24A
2023-10-01$498.49$339.22RVU23D
2023-07-01$498.49$339.22RVU23C
2023-04-01$498.49$339.22RVU23B
2023-01-01$498.49$339.22RVU23A
2022-10-01$505.00$340.96RVU22D
2022-07-01$505.00$340.96RVU22C
2022-04-01$505.00$340.96RVU22B
2022-01-01$505.00$340.96RVU22A
2021-10-01$575.92$375.98RVU21D
2021-07-01$575.92$375.98RVU21C
2021-04-01$575.92$375.98RVU21B
2021-01-01$575.92$375.98RVU21A
2020-10-01$522.65$351.22RVU20D
2020-07-01$522.65$351.22RVU20C
2020-04-01$522.65$351.22RVU20B
2020-01-01$522.65$351.22RVU20A
2019-10-01$527.45$352.66RVU19D
2019-07-01$527.45$352.66RVU19C
2019-04-01$527.45$352.66RVU19B
2019-01-01$527.45$352.66RVU19A
2018-10-01$527.82$351.78RVU18D
2018-07-01$527.82$351.78RVU18C
2018-04-01$527.82$351.78RVU18B
2018-01-01$527.82$351.78RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$527.06$351.92RVU17D
2017-07-01$527.06$351.92RVU17C
2017-04-01$527.06$351.92RVU17B
2017-01-01$527.06$351.92RVU17A
2016-10-01$565.71$373.44RVU16D
2016-07-01$565.71$373.44RVU16C
2016-04-01$565.71$373.44RVU16B
2016-01-01$565.71$373.44RVU16A
2015-10-01$526.50$351.14RVU15D
2015-07-01$526.50$351.14RVU15C
2015-04-01$523.88$349.39RVU15B
2015-01-01$523.88$349.39RVU15A
2014-10-01$554.41$367.41RVU14D
2014-07-01$554.41$367.41RVU14C
2014-04-01$554.41$367.41RVU14B
2014-01-01$554.41$367.41RVU14A
2013-10-01$522.98$343.34RVU13D
2013-07-01$522.98$343.34RVU13C
2013-04-01$522.98$343.34RVU13B
2013-01-01$522.98$343.34RVU13AR

Price 28107 for an earlier date of service

Where the South Dakota rate applies

South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aberdeen
  • Agar
  • Agency Village
  • Akaska
  • Albee
  • Alcester
  • Alexandria
  • Allen

Browse all communities in South Dakota

28107 billing questions

How is this code distinguished from 28106?

Both apply to a tarsal or metatarsal bone lesion, but 28107 is for use of an allograft. Code 28106 is the corresponding service when an autograft is used.

Can the allograft be billed separately?

The allograft use is included in this service for the treated bone defect. Do not separately report a graft procedure for that same defect.

What documentation supports code selection?

Document the specific tarsal or metatarsal bone, removal or curettage of the cyst or benign tumor, and use of an allograft to fill the defect.

Can modifier 50 be appended when both feet are treated?

No. CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply to this code, and modifier 50 is inappropriate.

What postoperative care is included?

The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the 90 days after surgery.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28107PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,122 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for South DakotaGPCI2026.csv, line 94 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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