FeeBase
Log inGet started
Menu

CPT code 28285: Hammertoe repair, lesser-toe deformity correction2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Hawaii, Guam, HI

Reports surgical correction of a hammertoe deformity, commonly involving a contracted lesser toe treated with joint fusion or bone resection.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality74.8K Medicare services in 2024

In Hawaii, Guam, HI, Medicare pays $586.95 for 28285 in the office and $384.91 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$586.95Office (non-facility)
$384.91Hospital or facility
+7.0%vs the national office rate ($548.44)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28285 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28285 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Hawaii, Guam, HI
  2. What 28285 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28285 covers

This procedure corrects a hammertoe, typically a lesser toe with a flexed, contracted joint that cannot be adequately addressed by conservative care. A foot and ankle surgeon or podiatrist may correct the deformity by treating the interphalangeal joint, for example with fusion or partial bone resection. The operation is commonly performed in an outpatient surgical setting. The specific technique depends on the deformity and operative findings.

Report the service for each toe surgically corrected, identifying the toe and side in the claim and operative documentation. The record should describe the deformity, the toe treated, and the corrective work performed. Medicare assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during that period. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple procedure reduction. Modifier 50 applies to bilateral performance, paid at 150%. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this service; co-surgeon payment requires supporting documentation, and team surgery is not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Hawaii, Guam, HI compares for 28285

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28285 runs from $489.80 in Arkansas to $711.32 in San Benito County, CA. Hawaii, Guam, HI pays $586.95. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28285 in Hawaii, Guam, HI vs other payment areas
  1. Hawaii, Guam, HI · this page$586.95
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$612.07+$25.12
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$622.02+$35.07
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$594.24+$7.29
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$578.27−$8.68
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$628.13+$41.18
  7. Alaska · Alaska$653.07+$66.12

Other areas in Hawaii first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28285 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$496.37$340.89
ArkansasArkansas$489.80$337.16
ArizonaArizona$534.78$362.59
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$576.91$382.16
Chico, CACalifornia$575.04$380.29
El Centro, CACalifornia$575.14$380.39
Fresno, CACalifornia$575.04$380.29
Hanford, CACalifornia$575.04$380.29

28285 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$489.80

$653.07

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28285 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$653.071
AL$496.371
AR$489.801
AZ$534.781
CA$575.04–$711.3229
CO$568.161
CT$582.991
DC$622.021
DE$543.131
FL$543.69–$594.243
GA$515.19–$558.672
GU$586.951
HI$586.951
IA$506.661
ID$509.951
IL$530.11–$578.274
IN$512.641
KS$505.081
KY$508.421
LA$507.93–$530.922
MA$565.44–$620.542
MD$552.71–$622.023
ME$513.04–$537.702
MI$521.13–$550.582
MN$543.861
MO$500.34–$531.943
MS$495.121
MT$548.401
NC$517.871
ND$536.141
NE$509.021
NH$559.991
NJ$589.49–$616.532
NM$524.001
NV$545.331
NY$525.06–$643.055
OH$518.621
OK$506.941
OR$540.91–$584.332
PA$519.04–$569.872
PR$551.921
RI$561.061
SC$519.141
SD$534.691
TN$507.491
TX$515.95–$566.448
UT$525.651
VA$536.49–$622.022
VI$551.921
VT$534.771
WA$564.14–$632.052
WI$519.641
WV$512.211
WY$543.061

See 28285 in every payment locality

How the 28285 rate is calculated

Each of 28285’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28285

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work5.48

5.48 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense10.32

10.32 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.62

0.62 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

16.4200

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$548.44

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Hawaii, Guam, HI inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,168

Code
28285
Physician work
5.48
Practice expense
10.32
Malpractice
0.62

GPCI2026.csv

46

Locality
Hawaii, Guam, HI
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.137
Malpractice
0.579
Office calculation for 28285 in Hawaii, Guam, HI
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work5.48× 1.0005.4800
Practice expense10.32× 1.13711.7338
Malpractice0.62× 0.5790.3590
Total RVUs17.5728
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Hawaii, Guam, HI$586.95

Office: (5.48 × 1 + 10.32 × 1.137 + 0.62 × 0.579) × $33.4009 = $586.95

Facility: (5.48 × 1 + 5 × 1.137 + 0.62 × 0.579) × $33.4009 = $384.91

Open 28285 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28285

28285 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28285

Hammertoe repair, lesser-toe deformity correction

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)1Permitted with supporting documentation.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28285

Hammertoe repair, lesser-toe deformity correction

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28285 without 50 · national office

$548.44

Hammertoe repair, lesser-toe deformity correction

28285-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$822.66

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

Codes related to 28285

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 28285
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Hawaii, Guam, HI
Used instead
28286Hammertoe repair, with MTP joint releaseUsed for correction of a cock-up fifth toe rather than a hammertoe deformity.$460.73
28272Toe joint release, interphalangeal joint, eachDescribes release of an interphalangeal joint contracture when that is the service performed.$404.76
28270Foot contracture release, midfoot joint, each jointDescribes metatarsophalangeal joint contracture release rather than hammertoe reconstruction.$524.27

How 28285 has changed in Hawaii, Guam, HI

28285 · Office / nonfacility

$586.95

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $21.87 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $565.08 to $586.95 (3.9%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $565.08changed to$586.95

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 5.62 changed to 5.48
    • Practice expense RVU 10.02 changed to 10.32
    • Malpractice RVU 0.60 changed to 0.62
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.149 changed to 1.137
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.561 changed to 0.579

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $581.33changed to$565.08

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Malpractice RVU 0.59 changed to 0.60

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $571.84changed to$581.33

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $583.74changed to$571.84

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 9.80 changed to 10.02
    • Malpractice RVU 0.58 changed to 0.59
    • Work GPCI 1.003 changed to 1.000
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.146 changed to 1.149
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.618 changed to 0.561

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $591.76changed to$583.74

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 9.64 changed to 9.80
    • Malpractice RVU 0.60 changed to 0.58
    • Work GPCI 1.010 changed to 1.003
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.143 changed to 1.146
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.675 changed to 0.618

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $599.31changed to$591.76

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 9.73 changed to 9.64
    • Malpractice RVU 0.56 changed to 0.60

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $601.02changed to$599.31

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 9.30 changed to 9.73
    • Work GPCI 1.006 changed to 1.010
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.144 changed to 1.143
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.644 changed to 0.675

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $600.82changed to$601.02

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 9.36 changed to 9.30
    • Malpractice RVU 0.52 changed to 0.56
    • Work GPCI 1.001 changed to 1.006
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.146 changed to 1.144
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.614 changed to 0.644

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $599.75changed to$600.82

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 9.35 changed to 9.36

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $599.59changed to$599.75

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 9.32 changed to 9.35
    • Work GPCI 1.002 changed to 1.001
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.154 changed to 1.146
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.616 changed to 0.614

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $599.84changed to$599.59

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 9.29 changed to 9.32
    • Work GPCI 1.003 changed to 1.002
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.162 changed to 1.154
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.618 changed to 0.616

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $602.45changed to$599.84

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Malpractice RVU 0.54 changed to 0.52

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $599.45changed to$602.45

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $593.33changed to$599.45

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 9.15 changed to 9.29
    • Malpractice RVU 0.51 changed to 0.54
    • Work GPCI 1.002 changed to 1.003
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.158 changed to 1.162
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.659 changed to 0.618

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $598.03changed to$593.33

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 10.04 changed to 9.15
    • Malpractice RVU 0.53 changed to 0.51
    • Work GPCI 1.000 changed to 1.002
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.154 changed to 1.158
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.700 changed to 0.659

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. October 1, 2013

    RVU13D

    No ratechanged to$598.03

  17. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$586.95$384.91RVU26D
2026-07-01$586.95$384.91RVU26C
2026-04-01$586.95$384.91RVU26B
2026-01-01$586.95$384.91RVU26A
2025-10-01$565.08$403.04RVU25D
2025-07-01$565.08$403.04RVU25C
2025-04-01$565.08$403.04RVU25B
2025-01-01$565.08$403.04RVU25A
2024-10-01$581.33$409.22RVU24D
2024-07-01$581.33$409.22RVU24C
2024-04-01$581.33$409.22RVU24B
2024-03-09$581.33$409.22RVU24AR
2024-01-01$571.84$402.54RVU24A
2023-10-01$583.74$408.21RVU23D
2023-07-01$583.74$408.21RVU23C
2023-04-01$583.74$408.21RVU23B
2023-01-01$583.74$408.21RVU23A
2022-10-01$591.76$410.59RVU22D
2022-07-01$591.76$410.59RVU22C
2022-04-01$591.76$410.59RVU22B
2022-01-01$591.76$410.59RVU22A
2021-10-01$599.31$408.67RVU21D
2021-07-01$599.31$408.67RVU21C
2021-04-01$599.31$408.67RVU21B
2021-01-01$599.31$408.67RVU21A
2020-10-01$601.02$413.58RVU20D
2020-07-01$601.02$413.58RVU20C
2020-04-01$601.02$413.58RVU20B
2020-01-01$601.02$413.58RVU20A
2019-10-01$600.82$411.25RVU19D
2019-07-01$600.82$411.25RVU19C
2019-04-01$600.82$411.25RVU19B
2019-01-01$600.82$411.25RVU19A
2018-10-01$599.75$409.57RVU18D
2018-07-01$599.75$409.57RVU18C
2018-04-01$599.75$409.57RVU18B
2018-01-01$599.75$409.57RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$599.59$409.90RVU17D
2017-07-01$599.59$409.90RVU17C
2017-04-01$599.59$409.90RVU17B
2017-01-01$599.59$409.90RVU17A
2016-10-01$599.84$409.70RVU16D
2016-07-01$599.84$409.70RVU16C
2016-04-01$599.84$409.70RVU16B
2016-01-01$599.84$409.70RVU16A
2015-10-01$602.45$410.37RVU15D
2015-07-01$602.45$410.37RVU15C
2015-04-01$599.45$408.33RVU15B
2015-01-01$599.45$408.33RVU15A
2014-10-01$593.33$407.08RVU14D
2014-07-01$593.33$407.08RVU14C
2014-04-01$593.33$407.08RVU14B
2014-01-01$593.33$407.08RVU14A
2013-10-01$598.03$402.50RVU13D
2013-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13C
2013-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13B
2013-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13AR

Price 28285 for an earlier date of service

Where the Hawaii, Guam, HI rate applies

Hawaii, Guam, HI is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 163 cities and communities in Hawaii. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Ahuimanu
  • Aiea
  • Ainaloa
  • Anahola
  • Black Sands
  • Captain Cook
  • Discovery Harbour
  • East Honolulu

Browse all communities in Hawaii

28285 billing questions

How is 28285 different from 28286?

28285 is for hammertoe correction. 28286 describes correction of a cock-up fifth toe, a distinct deformity and procedure.

What documentation supports 28285?

Document the hammertoe deformity, the specific toe and side, and the operative correction performed, such as interphalangeal joint fusion or bone resection.

How should multiple corrected toes be reported?

Report the service for each corrected toe and identify the individual toe and side using the applicable toe modifiers. The operative note should make the treated toes clear.

How does Medicare handle bilateral correction?

CMS identifies this as a bilateral procedure: modifier 50 is paid at 150%. Document the procedures performed on each side.

Is postoperative care included?

Yes. The 90-day global period includes the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during the 90 days after surgery.

Can an assistant or co-surgeon be reported?

Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code. Co-surgeon payment is allowed only with supporting documentation; team surgery is not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28285PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,168 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Hawaii, Guam, HIGPCI2026.csv, line 46 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

Did this answer your question about what 28285 pays in Hawaii, Guam, HI?

Tell us what you were actually trying to work out. We’ll answer you directly, or build the page that does.

Fee sheets · Coming soon

Put 28285 and the rest of your codes on one sheet

Your codes at your locality, with payer contracts beside Medicare.

Join the waitlist