CPT code 31574: Vocal fold injection, flexible scope, unilateral2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Delaware

A laryngologist uses flexible endoscopic guidance to inject augmentation material into one vocal fold, commonly to improve glottic closure and voice.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality4.5K Medicare services in 2024

In Delaware, Medicare pays $891.28 for 31574 in the office and $127.99 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$891.28Office (non-facility)
$127.99Hospital or facility
−1.2%vs the national office rate ($901.82)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 31574 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 31574 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Delaware
  2. What 31574 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 31574 covers

An otolaryngologist or laryngologist passes a flexible laryngoscope to visualize the vocal folds and injects material to add bulk to one fold. This is commonly performed for glottic insufficiency, such as when vocal fold paralysis, paresis, or atrophy leaves an incomplete closure affecting voice or airway protection. The procedure may be performed in an office or facility, using an approach such as transoral or percutaneous injection.

Report this code for augmentation of one vocal fold under flexible endoscopic guidance, not for a diagnostic examination alone or an injection with a different therapeutic purpose. The record should identify the treated side, indication, injection approach, and augmentation performed. For bilateral treatment, CMS pays with modifier 50 at 150%. When related endoscopies are performed together, endoscopy family pricing applies. The 0-day global period includes same-day preoperative and postoperative care. Assistant-at-surgery payment requires documentation of medical necessity; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Delaware compares for 31574

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 31574 runs from $781.69 in Arkansas to $1,263.26 in San Benito County, CA. Delaware pays $891.28. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

31574 in Delaware vs other payment areas
  1. Delaware · this page$891.28
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$1,049.38+$158.10
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$1,051.75+$160.47
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$953.45+$62.17
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$922.00+$30.72
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$1,045.26+$153.98
  7. Alaska · Alaska$988.70+$97.42

Other areas in Delaware first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

31574 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$795.28$119.28
ArkansasArkansas$781.69$118.06
ArizonaArizona$874.96$126.35
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$976.45$129.72
Chico, CACalifornia$975.41$128.68
El Centro, CACalifornia$975.47$128.74
Fresno, CACalifornia$975.41$128.68
Hanford, CACalifornia$975.41$128.68

31574 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$781.69

$1,119.34

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
31574 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$988.701
AL$795.281
AR$781.691
AZ$874.961
CA$975.41–$1,263.2629
CO$952.021
CT$968.351
DC$1,051.751
DE$891.281
FL$872.20–$953.453
GA$816.58–$917.452
GU$1,007.821
HI$1,007.821
IA$825.671
ID$830.641
IL$838.07–$933.554
IN$836.471
KS$818.041
KY$810.821
LA$808.10–$855.632
MA$943.61–$1,061.012
MD$911.36–$1,051.753
ME$832.43–$890.092
MI$832.85–$881.702
MN$916.871
MO$789.64–$862.943
MS$786.011
MT$901.801
NC$843.171
ND$894.681
NE$831.931
NH$933.561
NJ$980.74–$1,037.332
NM$836.961
NV$900.631
NY$857.72–$1,070.415
OH$831.391
OK$812.401
OR$895.01–$989.992
PA$834.69–$938.812
PR$910.561
RI$928.781
SC$838.411
SD$893.841
TN$822.491
TX$828.01–$947.638
UT$851.961
VA$884.51–$1,051.752
VI$910.561
VT$887.781
WA$942.94–$1,087.602
WI$859.461
WV$800.811
WY$898.701

See 31574 in every payment locality

How the 31574 rate is calculated

Each of 31574’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 31574

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work2.37

2.37 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense24.27

24.27 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.36

0.36 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

27.0000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$901.82

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Delaware inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,607

Code
31574
Physician work
2.37
Practice expense
24.27
Malpractice
0.36

GPCI2026.csv

40

Locality
Delaware
Physician work
1.005
Practice expense
0.988
Malpractice
0.899
Office calculation for 31574 in Delaware
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work2.37× 1.0052.3819
Practice expense24.27× 0.98823.9788
Malpractice0.36× 0.8990.3236
Total RVUs26.6842
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Delaware$891.28

Office: (2.37 × 1.005 + 24.27 × 0.988 + 0.36 × 0.899) × $33.4009 = $891.28

Facility: (2.37 × 1.005 + 1.14 × 0.988 + 0.36 × 0.899) × $33.4009 = $127.99

Open 31574 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 31574

The CMS indicators that decide how 31574 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 31574

Vocal fold injection, flexible scope, unilateral

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period000Same-day global: pre- and post-op care on the day of the procedure is included.
Multiple procedures3Endoscopy family rules apply.
Bilateral (modifier 50)1Bilateral with modifier 50 pays 150% of the fee schedule amount.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 50 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

31574 without 50 · national office

$901.82

Vocal fold injection, flexible scope, unilateral

31574-50 · Bilateral: 150%

$1,352.73

Both sides on one line with modifier 50 are paid at 150% of the fee schedule amount (subject to multiple-procedure rules with other procedures).

When to use modifier 50

How 31574 has changed in Delaware

31574 · Office / nonfacility

$891.28

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $28.25 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $863.03 to $891.28 (3.3%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $863.03changed to$891.28

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 2.43 changed to 2.37
    • Practice expense RVU 24.08 changed to 24.27
    • Work GPCI 1.009 changed to 1.005
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.992 changed to 0.988
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.949 changed to 0.899

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $926.11changed to$863.03

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 25.23 changed to 24.08

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $911.00changed to$926.11

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $979.23changed to$911.00

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 25.94 changed to 25.23
    • Malpractice RVU 0.35 changed to 0.36
    • Work GPCI 1.007 changed to 1.009
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.007 changed to 0.992
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.938 changed to 0.949
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $1028.77changed to$979.23

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 26.39 changed to 25.94
    • Malpractice RVU 0.34 changed to 0.35
    • Work GPCI 1.005 changed to 1.007
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.022 changed to 1.007
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.927 changed to 0.938

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $1072.25changed to$1028.77

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 27.37 changed to 26.39

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $1049.97changed to$1072.25

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 25.78 changed to 27.37
    • Malpractice RVU 0.32 changed to 0.34
    • Work GPCI 1.006 changed to 1.005
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.021 changed to 1.022
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.023 changed to 0.927

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $1057.49changed to$1049.97

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 26.01 changed to 25.78
    • Malpractice RVU 0.35 changed to 0.32
    • Work GPCI 1.007 changed to 1.006
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.019 changed to 1.021
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.119 changed to 1.023

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $1056.66changed to$1057.49

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 26.03 changed to 26.01
    • Malpractice RVU 0.34 changed to 0.35

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $1072.32changed to$1056.66

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 26.38 changed to 26.03
    • Malpractice RVU 0.35 changed to 0.34
    • Work GPCI 1.010 changed to 1.007
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.025 changed to 1.019
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.101 changed to 1.119

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    No ratechanged to$1072.32

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D, RVU16A, RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$891.28$127.99RVU26D
2026-07-01$891.28$127.99RVU26C
2026-04-01$891.28$127.99RVU26B
2026-01-01$891.28$127.99RVU26A
2025-10-01$863.03$144.91RVU25D
2025-07-01$863.03$144.91RVU25C
2025-04-01$863.03$144.91RVU25B
2025-01-01$863.03$144.91RVU25A
2024-10-01$926.11$148.46RVU24D
2024-07-01$926.11$148.46RVU24C
2024-04-01$926.11$148.46RVU24B
2024-03-09$926.11$148.46RVU24AR
2024-01-01$911.00$146.04RVU24A
2023-10-01$979.23$150.69RVU23D
2023-07-01$979.23$150.69RVU23C
2023-04-01$979.23$150.69RVU23B
2023-01-01$979.23$150.69RVU23A
2022-10-01$1,028.77$151.30RVU22D
2022-07-01$1,028.77$151.30RVU22C
2022-04-01$1,028.77$151.30RVU22B
2022-01-01$1,028.77$151.30RVU22A
2021-10-01$1,072.25$150.77RVU21D
2021-07-01$1,072.25$150.77RVU21C
2021-04-01$1,072.25$150.77RVU21B
2021-01-01$1,072.25$150.77RVU21A
2020-10-01$1,049.97$154.20RVU20D
2020-07-01$1,049.97$154.20RVU20C
2020-04-01$1,049.97$154.20RVU20B
2020-01-01$1,049.97$154.20RVU20A
2019-10-01$1,057.49$157.02RVU19D
2019-07-01$1,057.49$157.02RVU19C
2019-04-01$1,057.49$157.02RVU19B
2019-01-01$1,057.49$157.02RVU19A
2018-10-01$1,056.66$155.71RVU18D
2018-07-01$1,056.66$155.71RVU18C
2018-04-01$1,056.66$155.71RVU18B
2018-01-01$1,056.66$155.71RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$1,072.32$157.83RVU17D
2017-07-01$1,072.32$157.83RVU17C
2017-04-01$1,072.32$157.83RVU17B
2017-01-01$1,072.32$157.83RVU17A
2016-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16D
2016-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16C
2016-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16B
2016-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16A
2015-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15D
2015-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15C
2015-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15B
2015-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15A
2014-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14D
2014-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14C
2014-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14B
2014-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14A
2013-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13D
2013-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13C
2013-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13B
2013-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13AR

Price 31574 for an earlier date of service

Where the Delaware rate applies

Delaware is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 79 cities and communities in Delaware. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Arden
  • Ardencroft
  • Ardentown
  • Bear
  • Bellefonte
  • Bethany Beach
  • Bethel
  • Blades

Browse all communities in Delaware

31574 billing questions

When is this code appropriate instead of 31573?

Use this code for injection intended to augment a vocal fold, typically to improve closure. Code 31573 describes flexible laryngoscopy with a therapeutic injection, such as chemodenervation, rather than augmentation.

How should bilateral vocal fold augmentation be reported?

Report the bilateral procedure with modifier 50. CMS pays the bilateral procedure at 150%.

Can a diagnostic laryngoscopy be billed separately during the injection?

The flexible scope is used to guide the augmentation procedure. Do not separately report a diagnostic scope for the same examination work.

What documentation supports the service?

Document the indication for augmentation, the vocal fold treated, the flexible endoscopic guidance, and the injection approach and service performed.

How does the global period affect same-day care?

This procedure has a 0-day global period. Same-day preoperative and postoperative care is included.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 31574PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,607 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for DelawareGPCI2026.csv, line 40 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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