CPT code 77001: Fluoroscopic guidance, central venous device placement2026 Medicare rate & RVUs

Medicare pays $98.53 for 77001 nationally in the office. Local office rates run $85.81–$136.47.

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

What 77001 covers

This service uses real-time X-ray imaging to guide placement or replacement of a central venous access device, such as a central catheter or implanted port. A physician performing the access procedure may use fluoroscopy to follow the wire and catheter and assess device position; radiology personnel may provide the imaging equipment and technical support. It is commonly performed in hospitals, procedure suites, and other settings where central venous access devices are placed or replaced.

Report 77001 only with a primary procedure for central venous access device placement or replacement; it is not a standalone service. The record should identify the associated access procedure, the fluoroscopic guidance provided, and the physician’s interpretation. CMS treats the service as having professional and technical components: modifier 26 identifies the interpretation, modifier TC identifies the equipment and staff, and billing without either modifier represents the global service. Payment for this add-on is within the primary procedure’s global period.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

Where 77001 pays more and less

The same RVUs, adjusted for each area’s costs. Open a locality for its calculation, history and nearby areas.

109 of 109 payment localities

77001 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

How the 77001 rate is calculated

Each of 77001’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

Payment rules and modifiers for 77001

The CMS indicators that decide how 77001 is paid alongside other services.

What modifiers do to the payment

When to use modifier 26

77001 compared with similar codes

How to choose

77002Fluoroscopy guidanceNeedle placement

77002 covers fluoroscopic needle placement, such as for biopsy, aspiration, injection, or localization. Use 77001 for guidance associated with central venous access device placement or replacement.

77003Fluoroscopic guidanceSpinal or paraspinal injection

77003 is for fluoroscopic guidance and localization during spine or paraspinous injection procedures. 77001 is tied to a central venous access device procedure.

36561Port placementAge five or older

36561 reports placement of a tunneled central venous access device with a subcutaneous port in a patient age 5 or older. 77001 reports the associated fluoroscopic guidance, not the device placement itself.

Codes related to 77001

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates