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CPT code 78110: Plasma volume, single sample2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Washington, DC area

Reports a single-sample plasma volume study using tracer dilution and blood sampling to measure the circulating plasma compartment.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality

In Washington, DC area, Medicare pays $82.91 for 78110 in the office.

$82.91Office (non-facility)
Not available in this settingHospital or facility
+16.5%vs the national office rate ($71.14)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 78110 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 78110 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Washington, DC area
  2. What 78110 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 78110 covers

This study measures circulating plasma volume through tracer dilution and analysis of a blood sample. It may be performed in a nuclear medicine department as part of an evaluation involving suspected abnormal plasma volume or a hematologic blood-volume question. Nuclear medicine staff typically perform the technical work, and a qualified physician interprets the study findings.

Choose this code when the plasma volume protocol uses a single sample; use 78111 when the study uses multiple samples. Documentation should support the plasma-volume measurement, the single-sample protocol, and the interpretation or technical work furnished. CMS recognizes professional and technical components: report modifier 26 for the interpretation, modifier TC for the equipment and staff, or neither modifier when billing the global service.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Washington, DC area compares for 78110

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 78110 runs from $61.43 in Arkansas to $98.97 in San Benito County, CA. Washington, DC area pays $82.91. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

78110 in Washington, DC area vs other payment areas
  1. Washington, DC area · this page$82.91
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$82.40−$0.51
  3. Miami, FL · Florida$76.29−$6.62
  4. Chicago, IL · Illinois$73.67−$9.24
  5. Manhattan, NY · New York$82.76−$0.15
  6. Alaska · Alaska$77.67−$5.24
  7. Alabama · Alabama$62.53−$20.38

Other areas in District of Columbia first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

78110 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
ArkansasArkansas$61.43—
ArizonaArizona$68.95—
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$76.67—
Chico, CACalifornia$76.54—
El Centro, CACalifornia$76.55—
Fresno, CACalifornia$76.54—
Hanford, CACalifornia$76.54—
Madera, CACalifornia$76.54—

78110 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$61.43

$87.76

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
78110 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$77.671
AL$62.531
AR$61.431
AZ$68.951
CA$76.54–$98.9729
CO$74.891
CT$76.481
DC$82.911
DE$70.251
FL$69.21–$76.293
GA$64.65–$72.512
GU$79.091
HI$79.091
IA$64.771
ID$65.211
IL$66.59–$74.184
IN$65.681
KS$64.261
KY$63.991
LA$63.81–$67.652
MA$74.25–$83.472
MD$71.83–$82.913
ME$65.46–$69.962
MI$65.87–$70.082
MN$71.801
MO$62.39–$68.123
MS$61.931
MT$71.141
NC$66.311
ND$70.151
NE$65.241
NH$73.521
NJ$77.37–$81.762
NM$66.241
NV$70.931
NY$67.49–$84.915
OH$65.671
OK$64.021
OR$70.40–$77.832
PA$65.88–$74.172
PR$71.811
RI$73.171
SC$66.101
SD$70.041
TN$64.631
TX$65.34–$74.638
UT$67.191
VA$69.58–$82.912
VI$71.811
VT$69.691
WA$74.17–$85.492
WI$67.341
WV$63.591
WY$70.711

See 78110 in every payment locality

How the 78110 rate is calculated

Each of 78110’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 78110

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work0.19

0.19 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense1.89

1.89 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.05

0.05 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

2.1300

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$71.14

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Washington, DC area inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

9,224

Code
78110
Physician work
0.19
Practice expense
1.89
Malpractice
0.05

GPCI2026.csv

39

Locality
Washington, DC area
Physician work
1.054
Practice expense
1.178
Malpractice
1.113
Office calculation for 78110 in Washington, DC area
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work0.19× 1.0540.2003
Practice expense1.89× 1.1782.2264
Malpractice0.05× 1.1130.0557
Total RVUs2.4823
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Washington, DC area$82.91

Office: (0.19 × 1.054 + 1.89 × 1.178 + 0.05 × 1.113) × $33.4009 = $82.91

Open 78110 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 78110

The CMS indicators that decide how 78110 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 78110

Plasma volume, single sample

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global periodXXXThe global surgery concept doesn’t apply.
Multiple procedures0No multiple-procedure reduction.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical1Diagnostic test with separate professional (26) and technical (TC) components.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 26 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

78110 without 26 · national office

$71.14

Plasma volume, single sample

78110-26 · Professional component

$7.68

Pays only the interpretation and report.

When to use modifier 26

Codes related to 78110

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 78110
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Washington, DC area
Same family
78111Plasma volume, multiple samplingPlasma volume study using multiple samples rather than a single sample.$113.13
Used instead
78120Red cell mass, single determinationMeasures red cell mass with a single sample instead of plasma volume.$84.36
78121Red cell mass, multiple determinationsMeasures red cell mass with multiple samples rather than plasma volume.$113.50
78122Blood volume test, whole blood determinationFor whole blood volume determination rather than a plasma-only measurement.$117.27

How 78110 has changed in Washington, DC area

78110 · Office / nonfacility

$82.91

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $3.19 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $79.72 to $82.91 (4.0%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $79.72changed to$82.91

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Practice expense RVU 1.85 changed to 1.89
    • Work GPCI 1.057 changed to 1.054
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.192 changed to 1.178
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.168 changed to 1.113

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $81.24changed to$79.72

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 1.83 changed to 1.85

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $79.92changed to$81.24

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $83.76changed to$79.92

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 1.82 changed to 1.83
    • Work GPCI 1.056 changed to 1.057
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.214 changed to 1.192
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.231 changed to 1.168

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $87.44changed to$83.76

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 1.83 changed to 1.82
    • Work GPCI 1.054 changed to 1.056
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.236 changed to 1.214
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.294 changed to 1.231

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $87.74changed to$87.44

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 1.82 changed to 1.83

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $86.59changed to$87.74

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 1.76 changed to 1.82
    • Malpractice RVU 0.04 changed to 0.05
    • Work GPCI 1.049 changed to 1.054
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.221 changed to 1.236
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.277 changed to 1.294

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $85.41changed to$86.59

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Work GPCI 1.045 changed to 1.049
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.205 changed to 1.221
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.261 changed to 1.277

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $101.80changed to$85.41

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 2.14 changed to 1.76

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $125.30changed to$101.80

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 2.69 changed to 2.14
    • Work GPCI 1.048 changed to 1.045
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.271 changed to 1.261

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $116.84changed to$125.30

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 2.50 changed to 2.69
    • Work GPCI 1.051 changed to 1.048
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.280 changed to 1.271

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $128.06changed to$116.84

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 2.76 changed to 2.50
    • Malpractice RVU 0.03 changed to 0.04

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $127.43changed to$128.06

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $114.37changed to$127.43

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 2.45 changed to 2.76
    • Malpractice RVU 0.04 changed to 0.03
    • Work GPCI 1.050 changed to 1.051
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.202 changed to 1.205
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.205 changed to 1.280

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $112.66changed to$114.37

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 2.56 changed to 2.45
    • Work GPCI 1.049 changed to 1.050
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.198 changed to 1.202
    • Malpractice GPCI 1.130 changed to 1.205

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $112.66

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$82.91Not available in this settingRVU26D
2026-07-01$82.91Not available in this settingRVU26C
2026-04-01$82.91Not available in this settingRVU26B
2026-01-01$82.91Not available in this settingRVU26A
2025-10-01$79.72Not available in this settingRVU25D
2025-07-01$79.72Not available in this settingRVU25C
2025-04-01$79.72Not available in this settingRVU25B
2025-01-01$79.72Not available in this settingRVU25A
2024-10-01$81.24Not available in this settingRVU24D
2024-07-01$81.24Not available in this settingRVU24C
2024-04-01$81.24Not available in this settingRVU24B
2024-03-09$81.24Not available in this settingRVU24AR
2024-01-01$79.92Not available in this settingRVU24A
2023-10-01$83.76Not available in this settingRVU23D
2023-07-01$83.76Not available in this settingRVU23C
2023-04-01$83.76Not available in this settingRVU23B
2023-01-01$83.76Not available in this settingRVU23A
2022-10-01$87.44Not available in this settingRVU22D
2022-07-01$87.44Not available in this settingRVU22C
2022-04-01$87.44Not available in this settingRVU22B
2022-01-01$87.44Not available in this settingRVU22A
2021-10-01$87.74Not available in this settingRVU21D
2021-07-01$87.74Not available in this settingRVU21C
2021-04-01$87.74Not available in this settingRVU21B
2021-01-01$87.74Not available in this settingRVU21A
2020-10-01$86.59Not available in this settingRVU20D
2020-07-01$86.59Not available in this settingRVU20C
2020-04-01$86.59Not available in this settingRVU20B
2020-01-01$86.59Not available in this settingRVU20A
2019-10-01$85.41Not available in this settingRVU19D
2019-07-01$85.41Not available in this settingRVU19C
2019-04-01$85.41Not available in this settingRVU19B
2019-01-01$85.41Not available in this settingRVU19A
2018-10-01$101.80Not available in this settingRVU18D
2018-07-01$101.80Not available in this settingRVU18C
2018-04-01$101.80Not available in this settingRVU18B
2018-01-01$101.80Not available in this settingRVU18AR1
2017-10-01$125.30Not available in this settingRVU17D
2017-07-01$125.30Not available in this settingRVU17C
2017-04-01$125.30Not available in this settingRVU17B
2017-01-01$125.30Not available in this settingRVU17A
2016-10-01$116.84Not available in this settingRVU16D
2016-07-01$116.84Not available in this settingRVU16C
2016-04-01$116.84Not available in this settingRVU16B
2016-01-01$116.84Not available in this settingRVU16A
2015-10-01$128.06Not available in this settingRVU15D
2015-07-01$128.06Not available in this settingRVU15C
2015-04-01$127.43Not available in this settingRVU15B
2015-01-01$127.43Not available in this settingRVU15A
2014-10-01$114.37Not available in this settingRVU14D
2014-07-01$114.37Not available in this settingRVU14C
2014-04-01$114.37Not available in this settingRVU14B
2014-01-01$114.37Not available in this settingRVU14A
2013-10-01$112.66Not available in this settingRVU13D
2013-07-01$112.66Not available in this settingRVU13C
2013-04-01$112.66Not available in this settingRVU13B
2013-01-01$112.66Not available in this settingRVU13AR

Price 78110 for an earlier date of service

Where the Washington, DC area rate applies

Washington, DC area is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 1 cities and communities in District of Columbia. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Washington

Browse all communities in District of Columbia

78110 billing questions

How is 78110 different from 78111?

78110 is for a plasma volume study using a single sample. Use 78111 when the protocol uses multiple samples.

Which modifier identifies the physician interpretation?

Append modifier 26 when billing only the professional interpretation. Modifier TC identifies the technical work, including equipment and staff.

When is the global service reported?

Bill 78110 without modifier 26 or TC when the billing entity furnishes both the professional and technical components.

Is this code for red cell mass or total blood volume?

No. 78110 measures plasma volume; 78120 and 78121 measure red cell mass, while 78122 is for whole blood volume determination.

What documentation supports the single-sample code?

The record should identify the plasma volume study and support that its protocol used a single sample. The interpretation should document the physician's findings when the professional component is billed.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 78110PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 9,224 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for Washington, DC areaGPCI2026.csv, line 39 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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