CPT code 88348: Electron microscopy, diagnostic tissue examination2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota

Reports ultrastructural examination of tissue, such as a kidney biopsy, when electron microscopy is needed to evaluate a diagnostic question.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality13.8K Medicare services in 2024

In South Dakota, Medicare pays $475.31 for 88348 in the office.

$475.31Office (non-facility)
Not available in this settingHospital or facility
−0.6%vs the national office rate ($477.97)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 88348 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 88348 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in South Dakota
  2. What 88348 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 88348 covers

A pathology laboratory prepares tissue for examination at ultrastructural resolution, typically by embedding it, cutting very thin sections, and viewing them with an electron microscope. A pathologist interprets the findings. A familiar use is evaluating a kidney biopsy for changes in glomerular basement membranes, deposits, or other features that help characterize renal disease. The service may also be used for other tissue when the diagnostic question requires ultrastructural detail.

Report 88348 for the diagnostic electron microscopy service, not simply because a specimen was submitted for routine microscopic review. The pathology documentation should identify the tissue examined, the reason for the study, and the electron-microscopic findings and interpretation. CMS recognizes a professional component for the interpretation, reported with modifier 26, and a technical component for equipment and staff, reported with modifier TC. Without either modifier, the code represents the global service. The professional and technical components are separately priced when billed with their respective modifiers.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How South Dakota compares for 88348

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 88348 runs from $416.12 in Arkansas to $669.30 in San Benito County, CA. South Dakota pays $475.31. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

88348 in South Dakota vs other payment areas
  1. South Dakota · this page$475.31
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$556.38+$81.07
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$556.70+$81.39
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$501.51+$26.20
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$485.63+$10.32
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$552.29+$76.98
  7. Alaska · Alaska$528.33+$53.02

Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

88348 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$423.12—
ArkansasArkansas$416.12—
ArizonaArizona$464.22—
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$518.12—
Chico, CACalifornia$517.73—
El Centro, CACalifornia$517.75—
Fresno, CACalifornia$517.73—
Hanford, CACalifornia$517.73—

88348 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$416.12

$593.52

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
88348 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$528.331
AL$423.121
AR$416.121
AZ$464.221
CA$517.73–$669.3029
CO$504.871
CT$512.501
DC$556.701
DE$472.711
FL$461.29–$501.513
GA$432.85–$485.722
GU$534.491
HI$534.491
IA$439.441
ID$441.871
IL$443.26–$492.884
IN$444.891
KS$435.191
KY$430.471
LA$428.94–$453.452
MA$500.46–$561.962
MD$483.23–$556.703
ME$442.46–$472.662
MI$441.52–$465.852
MN$487.471
MO$419.23–$457.583
MS$417.871
MT$477.961
NC$448.051
ND$475.591
NE$442.761
NH$494.891
NJ$519.41–$549.312
NM$443.511
NV$477.721
NY$455.53–$564.845
OH$441.041
OK$431.611
OR$475.08–$524.892
PA$442.91–$497.042
PR$482.581
RI$492.491
SC$445.081
SD$475.311
TN$437.451
TX$439.44–$502.258
UT$452.071
VA$469.57–$556.702
VI$482.581
VT$471.741
WA$500.16–$576.132
WI$457.351
WV$424.041
WY$476.921

See 88348 in every payment locality

How the 88348 rate is calculated

Each of 88348’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 88348

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work1.47

1.47 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense12.72

12.72 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.12

0.12 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

14.3100

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$477.97

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

11,260

Code
88348
Physician work
1.47
Practice expense
12.72
Malpractice
0.12

GPCI2026.csv

94

Locality
South Dakota
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
1.000
Malpractice
0.336
Office calculation for 88348 in South Dakota
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.47× 1.0001.4700
Practice expense12.72× 1.00012.7200
Malpractice0.12× 0.3360.0403
Total RVUs14.2303
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, South Dakota$475.31

Office: (1.47 × 1 + 12.72 × 1 + 0.12 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $475.31

Open 88348 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 88348

The CMS indicators that decide how 88348 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 88348

Electron microscopy, diagnostic tissue examination

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global periodXXXThe global surgery concept doesn’t apply.
Multiple procedures0No multiple-procedure reduction.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical1Diagnostic test with separate professional (26) and technical (TC) components.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 26 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

88348 without 26 · national office

$477.97

Electron microscopy, diagnostic tissue examination

88348-26 · Professional component

$72.15

Pays only the interpretation and report.

When to use modifier 26

How 88348 has changed in South Dakota

88348 · Office / nonfacility

$475.31

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $0.47 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $474.84 to $475.31 (0.1%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $474.84changed to$475.31

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 1.51 changed to 1.47
    • Practice expense RVU 13.12 changed to 12.72
    • Malpractice RVU 0.13 changed to 0.12
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.382 changed to 0.336

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $481.40changed to$474.84

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 12.91 changed to 13.12
    • Malpractice RVU 0.11 changed to 0.13

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $473.55changed to$481.40

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $475.65changed to$473.55

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 12.49 changed to 12.91
    • Malpractice RVU 0.10 changed to 0.11
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.364 changed to 0.382
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $460.67changed to$475.65

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 11.76 changed to 12.49
    • Malpractice RVU 0.12 changed to 0.10
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.347 changed to 0.364

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $430.62changed to$460.67

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 10.80 changed to 11.76
    • Malpractice RVU 0.09 changed to 0.12

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $392.27changed to$430.62

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 9.33 changed to 10.80
    • Malpractice RVU 0.08 changed to 0.09
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.368 changed to 0.347

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $364.04changed to$392.27

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 8.56 changed to 9.33
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.389 changed to 0.368

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $352.48changed to$364.04

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 8.25 changed to 8.56

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $349.61changed to$352.48

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 8.20 changed to 8.25
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.395 changed to 0.389

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $347.02changed to$349.61

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 8.15 changed to 8.20
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.400 changed to 0.395

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $347.48changed to$347.02

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 8.14 changed to 8.15
    • Malpractice RVU 0.05 changed to 0.08

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $345.75changed to$347.48

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $699.97changed to$345.75

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 17.98 changed to 8.14
    • Malpractice RVU 0.12 changed to 0.05
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.400

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    $723.05changed to$699.97

    • Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
    • Practice expense RVU 19.69 changed to 17.98
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.432 changed to 0.416

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: $723.05

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$475.31Not available in this settingRVU26D
2026-07-01$475.31Not available in this settingRVU26C
2026-04-01$475.31Not available in this settingRVU26B
2026-01-01$475.31Not available in this settingRVU26A
2025-10-01$474.84Not available in this settingRVU25D
2025-07-01$474.84Not available in this settingRVU25C
2025-04-01$474.84Not available in this settingRVU25B
2025-01-01$474.84Not available in this settingRVU25A
2024-10-01$481.40Not available in this settingRVU24D
2024-07-01$481.40Not available in this settingRVU24C
2024-04-01$481.40Not available in this settingRVU24B
2024-03-09$481.40Not available in this settingRVU24AR
2024-01-01$473.55Not available in this settingRVU24A
2023-10-01$475.65Not available in this settingRVU23D
2023-07-01$475.65Not available in this settingRVU23C
2023-04-01$475.65Not available in this settingRVU23B
2023-01-01$475.65Not available in this settingRVU23A
2022-10-01$460.67Not available in this settingRVU22D
2022-07-01$460.67Not available in this settingRVU22C
2022-04-01$460.67Not available in this settingRVU22B
2022-01-01$460.67Not available in this settingRVU22A
2021-10-01$430.62Not available in this settingRVU21D
2021-07-01$430.62Not available in this settingRVU21C
2021-04-01$430.62Not available in this settingRVU21B
2021-01-01$430.62Not available in this settingRVU21A
2020-10-01$392.27Not available in this settingRVU20D
2020-07-01$392.27Not available in this settingRVU20C
2020-04-01$392.27Not available in this settingRVU20B
2020-01-01$392.27Not available in this settingRVU20A
2019-10-01$364.04Not available in this settingRVU19D
2019-07-01$364.04Not available in this settingRVU19C
2019-04-01$364.04Not available in this settingRVU19B
2019-01-01$364.04Not available in this settingRVU19A
2018-10-01$352.48Not available in this settingRVU18D
2018-07-01$352.48Not available in this settingRVU18C
2018-04-01$352.48Not available in this settingRVU18B
2018-01-01$352.48Not available in this settingRVU18AR1
2017-10-01$349.61Not available in this settingRVU17D
2017-07-01$349.61Not available in this settingRVU17C
2017-04-01$349.61Not available in this settingRVU17B
2017-01-01$349.61Not available in this settingRVU17A
2016-10-01$347.02Not available in this settingRVU16D
2016-07-01$347.02Not available in this settingRVU16C
2016-04-01$347.02Not available in this settingRVU16B
2016-01-01$347.02Not available in this settingRVU16A
2015-10-01$347.48Not available in this settingRVU15D
2015-07-01$347.48Not available in this settingRVU15C
2015-04-01$345.75Not available in this settingRVU15B
2015-01-01$345.75Not available in this settingRVU15A
2014-10-01$699.97Not available in this settingRVU14D
2014-07-01$699.97Not available in this settingRVU14C
2014-04-01$699.97Not available in this settingRVU14B
2014-01-01$699.97Not available in this settingRVU14A
2013-10-01$723.05Not available in this settingRVU13D
2013-07-01$723.05Not available in this settingRVU13C
2013-04-01$723.05Not available in this settingRVU13B
2013-01-01$723.05Not available in this settingRVU13AR

Price 88348 for an earlier date of service

Where the South Dakota rate applies

South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aberdeen
  • Agar
  • Agency Village
  • Akaska
  • Albee
  • Alcester
  • Alexandria
  • Allen

Browse all communities in South Dakota

88348 billing questions

When is 88348 appropriate for a kidney biopsy?

Use it when the biopsy workup includes diagnostic ultrastructural examination to address a renal pathology question. Routine tissue microscopy or immunofluorescence alone is not this service.

How does 88348 differ from 88346?

88348 reports electron-microscopic examination of ultrastructure. 88346 reports immunofluorescence staining and examination for the first antibody.

Can the professional and technical portions be billed separately?

Yes. Report modifier 26 for the professional interpretation and modifier TC for the technical work, including equipment and staff. Without either modifier, 88348 represents the global service.

What documentation supports reporting 88348?

Document the tissue source, the diagnostic reason for electron microscopy, and the ultrastructural findings and interpretation. The record should support that electron microscopy was performed, rather than only routine histology or antibody staining.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 88348PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 11,260 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for South DakotaGPCI2026.csv, line 94 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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