CPT code 97036: Hydrotherapy, hubbard tank, each 15 minutes2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in South Dakota
Reports timed Hubbard tank hydrotherapy when a therapist applies immersion-based water treatment to one or more areas during a rehabilitation visit.
In South Dakota, Medicare pays $34.52 for 97036 in the office.
Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 97036 nationwide
Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.
On this page 11 sections
What 97036 covers
This service covers therapeutic immersion in a Hubbard tank, a large tank used to treat one or more body areas with water. Physical therapists and other qualified therapy clinicians may use it during rehabilitation when tank-based hydrotherapy is part of the treatment plan, including care involving multiple extremities or a larger body area. The code represents the water modality, not active exercise performed in a pool or tank.
Report one unit for each 15 minutes of service, supported by documentation of the treatment provided and its duration. Distinguish this service from localized whirlpool treatment and from active aquatic exercise. Medicare treats it as a therapy service rather than separate professional and technical components, so it is not split with a professional-component modifier. Under the therapy multiple procedure payment reduction, practice expense is reduced for the second and later therapy units furnished on the same day.
This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.
How South Dakota compares for 97036
Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 97036 runs from $31.04 in Arkansas to $46.68 in San Benito County, CA. South Dakota pays $34.52. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.
- South Dakota · this page$34.52
- Los Angeles, CA · California$39.59+$5.07
- Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$39.74+$5.22
- Miami, FL · Florida$36.27+$1.75
- Chicago, IL · Illinois$35.36+$0.84
- Manhattan, NY · New York$39.59+$5.07
- Alaska · Alaska$40.89+$6.37
Other areas in South Dakota first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.
Every other payment area
| Payment locality | Office | Facility |
|---|---|---|
| AlabamaAlabama | $31.46 | — |
| ArkansasArkansas | $31.04 | — |
| ArizonaArizona | $33.91 | — |
| Bakersfield, CACalifornia | $37.19 | — |
| Chico, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| El Centro, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Fresno, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Hanford, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Madera, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Merced, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Modesto, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Napa, CACalifornia | $43.13 | — |
| Oxnard, CACalifornia | $39.43 | — |
| Redding, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Rest of CaliforniaCalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Riverside, CACalifornia | $37.26 | — |
| Sacramento, CACalifornia | $39.00 | — |
| Salinas, CACalifornia | $38.85 | — |
| San Diego, CACalifornia | $39.77 | — |
| Marin County, CACalifornia | $45.72 | — |
| San Francisco, CACalifornia | $45.70 | — |
| San Benito County, CACalifornia | $46.68 | — |
| Santa Clara County, CACalifornia | $46.64 | — |
| San Luis Obispo, CACalifornia | $38.22 | — |
| Santa Cruz, CACalifornia | $40.16 | — |
| Santa Maria, CACalifornia | $39.00 | — |
| Santa Rosa, CACalifornia | $40.57 | — |
| Stockton, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Vallejo, CACalifornia | $43.11 | — |
| Visalia, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| Yuba City, CACalifornia | $37.15 | — |
| ColoradoColorado | $36.38 | — |
| ConnecticutConnecticut | $36.92 | — |
| DelawareDelaware | $34.45 | — |
| Fort Lauderdale, FLFlorida | $35.33 | — |
| Rest of FloridaFlorida | $33.80 | — |
| Atlanta, GAGeorgia | $35.23 | — |
| Rest of GeorgiaGeorgia | $32.10 | — |
| Hawaii, Guam, HIHawaii | $38.03 | — |
| IowaIowa | $32.41 | — |
| IdahoIdaho | $32.56 | — |
| East St. Louis, ILIllinois | $33.07 | — |
| Rest of IllinoisIllinois | $32.75 | — |
| Suburban Chicago, ILIllinois | $35.74 | — |
| IndianaIndiana | $32.74 | — |
| KansasKansas | $32.17 | — |
| KentuckyKentucky | $31.93 | — |
| New Orleans, LALouisiana | $33.30 | — |
| Rest of LouisianaLouisiana | $31.84 | — |
| Metropolitan Boston, MAMassachusetts | $39.94 | — |
| Rest of MassachusettsMassachusetts | $36.15 | — |
| Baltimore area, MDMaryland | $36.79 | — |
| Rest of MarylandMaryland | $35.10 | — |
| Rest of MaineMaine | $32.61 | — |
| Southern Maine, MEMaine | $34.39 | — |
| Detroit, MIMichigan | $34.09 | — |
| Rest of MichiganMichigan | $32.60 | — |
| MinnesotaMinnesota | $35.23 | — |
| Metropolitan Kansas City, MOMissouri | $33.20 | — |
| Metropolitan St. Louis, MOMissouri | $33.54 | — |
| Rest of MissouriMissouri | $31.27 | — |
| MississippiMississippi | $31.17 | — |
| MontanaMontana | $34.74 | — |
| North CarolinaNorth Carolina | $32.94 | — |
| North DakotaNorth Dakota | $34.54 | — |
| NebraskaNebraska | $32.60 | — |
| New HampshireNew Hampshire | $35.72 | — |
| Northern New JerseyNew Jersey | $39.36 | — |
| Rest of New JerseyNew Jersey | $37.45 | — |
| New MexicoNew Mexico | $32.72 | — |
| NevadaNevada | $34.71 | — |
| NYC suburbs and Long Island, NYNew York | $40.36 | — |
| Poughkeepsie and northern NYC suburbs, NYNew York | $37.61 | — |
| Queens, NYNew York | $40.04 | — |
| Rest of New YorkNew York | $33.39 | — |
| OhioOhio | $32.56 | — |
| OklahomaOklahoma | $31.98 | — |
| Portland, OROregon | $37.58 | — |
| Rest of OregonOregon | $34.54 | — |
| Metropolitan Philadelphia, PAPennsylvania | $36.00 | — |
| Rest of PennsylvaniaPennsylvania | $32.66 | — |
| Puerto RicoPuerto Rico | $35.01 | — |
| Rhode IslandRhode Island | $35.71 | — |
| South CarolinaSouth Carolina | $32.78 | — |
| TennesseeTennessee | $32.30 | — |
| Austin, TXTexas | $36.17 | — |
| Beaumont, TXTexas | $32.46 | — |
| Brazoria, TXTexas | $34.51 | — |
| Dallas, TXTexas | $34.67 | — |
| Fort Worth, TXTexas | $34.43 | — |
| Galveston, TXTexas | $34.58 | — |
| Houston, TXTexas | $34.76 | — |
| Rest of TexasTexas | $33.43 | — |
| UtahUtah | $33.20 | — |
| VirginiaVirginia | $34.21 | — |
| Virgin Islands, VIUnited States Virgin Islands | $35.01 | — |
| VermontVermont | $34.32 | — |
| Rest of WashingtonWashington | $36.11 | — |
| King County, WAWashington | $40.83 | — |
| WisconsinWisconsin | $33.45 | — |
| West VirginiaWest Virginia | $31.60 | — |
| WyomingWyoming | $34.65 | — |
97036 rates by state
Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.
Explore a state
Local rates. Clear comparisons.
Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.
$31.04
$41.92
Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.
View every state and territory as a table
| State / territory | Office rate range | Localities |
|---|---|---|
| AK | $40.89 | 1 |
| AL | $31.46 | 1 |
| AR | $31.04 | 1 |
| AZ | $33.91 | 1 |
| CA | $37.15–$46.68 | 29 |
| CO | $36.38 | 1 |
| CT | $36.92 | 1 |
| DC | $39.74 | 1 |
| DE | $34.45 | 1 |
| FL | $33.80–$36.27 | 3 |
| GA | $32.10–$35.23 | 2 |
| GU | $38.03 | 1 |
| HI | $38.03 | 1 |
| IA | $32.41 | 1 |
| ID | $32.56 | 1 |
| IL | $32.75–$35.74 | 4 |
| IN | $32.74 | 1 |
| KS | $32.17 | 1 |
| KY | $31.93 | 1 |
| LA | $31.84–$33.30 | 2 |
| MA | $36.15–$39.94 | 2 |
| MD | $35.10–$39.74 | 3 |
| ME | $32.61–$34.39 | 2 |
| MI | $32.60–$34.09 | 2 |
| MN | $35.23 | 1 |
| MO | $31.27–$33.54 | 3 |
| MS | $31.17 | 1 |
| MT | $34.74 | 1 |
| NC | $32.94 | 1 |
| ND | $34.54 | 1 |
| NE | $32.60 | 1 |
| NH | $35.72 | 1 |
| NJ | $37.45–$39.36 | 2 |
| NM | $32.72 | 1 |
| NV | $34.71 | 1 |
| NY | $33.39–$40.36 | 5 |
| OH | $32.56 | 1 |
| OK | $31.98 | 1 |
| OR | $34.54–$37.58 | 2 |
| PA | $32.66–$36.00 | 2 |
| PR | $35.01 | 1 |
| RI | $35.71 | 1 |
| SC | $32.78 | 1 |
| SD | $34.52 | 1 |
| TN | $32.30 | 1 |
| TX | $32.46–$36.17 | 8 |
| UT | $33.20 | 1 |
| VA | $34.21–$39.74 | 2 |
| VI | $35.01 | 1 |
| VT | $34.32 | 1 |
| WA | $36.11–$40.83 | 2 |
| WI | $33.45 | 1 |
| WV | $31.60 | 1 |
| WY | $34.65 | 1 |
How the 97036 rate is calculated
Each of 97036’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.
How the rate is built · 97036
RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor
Work0.28
0.28 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Practice expense0.75
0.75 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Malpractice0.01
0.01 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI
Adjusted RVUs
1.0400
Conversion factor
$33.4009
Medicare rate
$34.74
Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.
The exact South Dakota inputs and CMS source lines
PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv
12,856
- Code
- 97036
- Physician work
- 0.28
- Practice expense
- 0.75
- Malpractice
- 0.01
GPCI2026.csv
94
- Locality
- South Dakota
- Physician work
- 1.000
- Practice expense
- 1.000
- Malpractice
- 0.336
| Component | RVU | Locality factor | Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|
| Physician work | 0.28 | × 1.000 | 0.2800 |
| Practice expense | 0.75 | × 1.000 | 0.7500 |
| Malpractice | 0.01 | × 0.336 | 0.0034 |
| Total RVUs | 1.0334 | ||
| Conversion factor | × 33.4009 | ||
Office rate, South Dakota$34.52
Office: (0.28 × 1 + 0.75 × 1 + 0.01 × 0.336) × $33.4009 = $34.52
Payment rules and modifiers for 97036
The CMS indicators that decide how 97036 is paid alongside other services.
CMS payment indicators · 97036
Hydrotherapy, hubbard tank, each 15 minutes
| Rule | CMS value | What it means |
|---|---|---|
| Global period | XXX | The global surgery concept doesn’t apply. |
| Multiple procedures | 5 | Therapy reduction: practice expense of the second and later units is reduced. |
| Bilateral (modifier 50) | 0 | The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply. |
| Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS) | 0 | Not paid without supporting documentation. |
| Co-surgeons (62) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Team surgery (66) | 0 | Not permitted. |
| Professional/technical | 7 | Therapy service: the split doesn’t apply. |
What modifiers do to the payment
Modifier CQ · payment effect
With and without the modifier
97036 without CQ · national office
$34.74
Hydrotherapy, hubbard tank, each 15 minutes
97036-CQ · Allowed amount unchanged
$34.74
Medicare cuts its own payment by 15% after the patient’s 20% coinsurance; the allowed amount stays the same. On $100 allowed: $20 coinsurance, then Medicare pays $68 instead of $80.
How 97036 has changed in South Dakota
97036 · Office / nonfacility
$34.52
Effective 2026-10-01
The base rate is $0.43 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $34.09 to $34.52 (1.3%).
It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.
One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.
What changed, release by release
January 1, 2026
RVU26A
$34.09changed to$34.52
- Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
- Practice expense RVU 0.77 changed to 0.75
- Malpractice GPCI 0.382 changed to 0.336
Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.
January 1, 2025
RVU25A
$34.75changed to$34.09
- Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
- Practice expense RVU 0.76 changed to 0.77
Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.
March 9, 2024
RVU24AR
$34.18changed to$34.75
- Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875
Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.
January 1, 2024
RVU24A
$35.03changed to$34.18
- Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
- Practice expense RVU 0.75 changed to 0.76
- Malpractice GPCI 0.364 changed to 0.382
January 1, 2023
RVU23A
$34.73changed to$35.03
- Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
- Practice expense RVU 0.72 changed to 0.75
- Malpractice GPCI 0.347 changed to 0.364
Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.
January 1, 2022
RVU22A
$35.01changed to$34.73
- Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.
January 1, 2021
RVU21A
$35.86changed to$35.01
- Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
- Practice expense RVU 0.71 changed to 0.72
- Malpractice GPCI 0.368 changed to 0.347
Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.
January 1, 2020
RVU20A
$35.46changed to$35.86
- Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
- Practice expense RVU 0.70 changed to 0.71
- Malpractice GPCI 0.389 changed to 0.368
Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.
January 1, 2019
RVU19A
$36.14changed to$35.46
- Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
- Practice expense RVU 0.72 changed to 0.70
Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.
January 1, 2018
RVU18AR1
$33.16changed to$36.14
- Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
- Practice expense RVU 0.64 changed to 0.72
- Malpractice GPCI 0.395 changed to 0.389
Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.
January 1, 2017
RVU17A
$33.08changed to$33.16
- Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
- Malpractice GPCI 0.400 changed to 0.395
Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.
January 1, 2016
RVU16A
$33.35changed to$33.08
- Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
- Malpractice RVU 0.02 changed to 0.01
Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.
July 1, 2015
RVU15C
$33.18changed to$33.35
- Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335
Held through RVU15D.
January 1, 2015
RVU15A
$32.75changed to$33.18
- Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
- Practice expense RVU 0.63 changed to 0.64
- Malpractice RVU 0.01 changed to 0.02
- Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.400
Held through RVU15B.
January 1, 2014
RVU14A
$33.15changed to$32.75
- Conversion factor 34.0230 changed to 35.8228
- Practice expense RVU 0.69 changed to 0.63
- Malpractice GPCI 0.432 changed to 0.416
Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.
January 1, 2013
RVU13AR
Earliest loaded release: $33.15
Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.
| Effective from | Office | Facility | CMS release |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-01 | $34.52 | Not available in this setting | RVU26D |
| 2026-07-01 | $34.52 | Not available in this setting | RVU26C |
| 2026-04-01 | $34.52 | Not available in this setting | RVU26B |
| 2026-01-01 | $34.52 | Not available in this setting | RVU26A |
| 2025-10-01 | $34.09 | Not available in this setting | RVU25D |
| 2025-07-01 | $34.09 | Not available in this setting | RVU25C |
| 2025-04-01 | $34.09 | Not available in this setting | RVU25B |
| 2025-01-01 | $34.09 | Not available in this setting | RVU25A |
| 2024-10-01 | $34.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU24D |
| 2024-07-01 | $34.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU24C |
| 2024-04-01 | $34.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU24B |
| 2024-03-09 | $34.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU24AR |
| 2024-01-01 | $34.18 | Not available in this setting | RVU24A |
| 2023-10-01 | $35.03 | Not available in this setting | RVU23D |
| 2023-07-01 | $35.03 | Not available in this setting | RVU23C |
| 2023-04-01 | $35.03 | Not available in this setting | RVU23B |
| 2023-01-01 | $35.03 | Not available in this setting | RVU23A |
| 2022-10-01 | $34.73 | Not available in this setting | RVU22D |
| 2022-07-01 | $34.73 | Not available in this setting | RVU22C |
| 2022-04-01 | $34.73 | Not available in this setting | RVU22B |
| 2022-01-01 | $34.73 | Not available in this setting | RVU22A |
| 2021-10-01 | $35.01 | Not available in this setting | RVU21D |
| 2021-07-01 | $35.01 | Not available in this setting | RVU21C |
| 2021-04-01 | $35.01 | Not available in this setting | RVU21B |
| 2021-01-01 | $35.01 | Not available in this setting | RVU21A |
| 2020-10-01 | $35.86 | Not available in this setting | RVU20D |
| 2020-07-01 | $35.86 | Not available in this setting | RVU20C |
| 2020-04-01 | $35.86 | Not available in this setting | RVU20B |
| 2020-01-01 | $35.86 | Not available in this setting | RVU20A |
| 2019-10-01 | $35.46 | Not available in this setting | RVU19D |
| 2019-07-01 | $35.46 | Not available in this setting | RVU19C |
| 2019-04-01 | $35.46 | Not available in this setting | RVU19B |
| 2019-01-01 | $35.46 | Not available in this setting | RVU19A |
| 2018-10-01 | $36.14 | Not available in this setting | RVU18D |
| 2018-07-01 | $36.14 | Not available in this setting | RVU18C |
| 2018-04-01 | $36.14 | Not available in this setting | RVU18B |
| 2018-01-01 | $36.14 | Not available in this setting | RVU18AR1 |
| 2017-10-01 | $33.16 | Not available in this setting | RVU17D |
| 2017-07-01 | $33.16 | Not available in this setting | RVU17C |
| 2017-04-01 | $33.16 | Not available in this setting | RVU17B |
| 2017-01-01 | $33.16 | Not available in this setting | RVU17A |
| 2016-10-01 | $33.08 | Not available in this setting | RVU16D |
| 2016-07-01 | $33.08 | Not available in this setting | RVU16C |
| 2016-04-01 | $33.08 | Not available in this setting | RVU16B |
| 2016-01-01 | $33.08 | Not available in this setting | RVU16A |
| 2015-10-01 | $33.35 | Not available in this setting | RVU15D |
| 2015-07-01 | $33.35 | Not available in this setting | RVU15C |
| 2015-04-01 | $33.18 | Not available in this setting | RVU15B |
| 2015-01-01 | $33.18 | Not available in this setting | RVU15A |
| 2014-10-01 | $32.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU14D |
| 2014-07-01 | $32.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU14C |
| 2014-04-01 | $32.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU14B |
| 2014-01-01 | $32.75 | Not available in this setting | RVU14A |
| 2013-10-01 | $33.15 | Not available in this setting | RVU13D |
| 2013-07-01 | $33.15 | Not available in this setting | RVU13C |
| 2013-04-01 | $33.15 | Not available in this setting | RVU13B |
| 2013-01-01 | $33.15 | Not available in this setting | RVU13AR |
Where the South Dakota rate applies
South Dakota is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 485 cities and communities in South Dakota. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.
- Aberdeen
- Agar
- Agency Village
- Akaska
- Albee
- Alcester
- Alexandria
- Allen
97036 billing questions
When should this code be chosen instead of whirlpool therapy?
Use this code for Hubbard tank treatment. Whirlpool therapy is a separate modality; select the code that matches the equipment and treatment actually provided.
How are units reported?
The code is reported in 15-minute units. Document the treatment duration to support the units billed.
Can active aquatic exercise be reported with this service?
This code represents the tank modality, while aquatic exercise is an active therapeutic procedure. Report both only when each distinct service was provided and documented.
Should modifier 26 be appended?
No. Medicare treats this as a therapy service, not as separate professional and technical components.
What happens to payment when multiple therapy units are billed on the same day?
Medicare reduces the practice expense for the second and later therapy units furnished that day under the therapy multiple procedure payment reduction.
Where these rates come from
FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.
CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027
Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
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