CPT code 97161: PT evaluation, low complexity, typically 20 minutes2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Idaho

Initial physical therapy evaluation reported when the history, examination, stable presentation, and clinical decision making support low complexity.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality1.7M Medicare services in 2024

In Idaho, Medicare pays $94.00 for 97161 in the office.

$94.00Office (non-facility)
Not available in this settingHospital or facility
−3.9%vs the national office rate ($97.86)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 97161 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 97161 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Idaho
  2. What 97161 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 97161 covers

A physical therapist uses this initial evaluation to assess movement, functional limitations, and rehabilitation needs in private practice, an outpatient clinic, or a hospital outpatient department. Low complexity calls for a history without personal factors or comorbidities affecting the plan, examination of one or two elements, a stable presentation, and low-complexity clinical decision making supported by standardized assessment tools or measurable functional outcomes. An adult with a straightforward musculoskeletal complaint may fit when the documented findings meet these criteria. The therapist uses the findings to establish functional goals and a treatment plan.

Report one unit for the evaluation; approximately 20 minutes face to face is typical, not a billing threshold. Select the level from the documented history, examined elements, presentation, and decision making rather than time or one component alone. Record the findings, assessment measures, goals, and plan of care for physician or nonphysician practitioner certification. Medicare physical therapy claims use modifier GP. This therapy service is billed without separate professional and technical components, so modifier 26 is inappropriate. When multiple therapy units are billed on the same day, the therapy multiple procedure payment reduction reduces practice expense for the second and later units.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

Billing guides for 97161: PT evaluation codes · Physical therapy CPT codes

How Idaho compares for 97161

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 97161 runs from $91.20 in Arkansas to $126.43 in Alaska. Idaho pays $94.00. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

97161 in Idaho vs other payment areas
  1. Idaho · this page$94.00
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$108.30+$14.30
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$108.88+$14.88
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$100.27+$6.27
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$98.89+$4.89
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$108.82+$14.82
  7. Alaska · Alaska$126.43+$32.43

Other areas in Idaho first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

97161 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$91.96—
ArkansasArkansas$91.20—
ArizonaArizona$96.39—
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$103.14—
Chico, CACalifornia$103.01—
El Centro, CACalifornia$103.01—
Fresno, CACalifornia$103.01—
Hanford, CACalifornia$103.01—

97161 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$91.20

$126.43

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
97161 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$126.431
AL$91.961
AR$91.201
AZ$96.391
CA$103.01–$123.7429
CO$101.361
CT$102.511
DC$108.881
DE$97.531
FL$96.00–$100.273
GA$92.95–$98.822
GU$104.041
HI$104.041
IA$93.751
ID$94.001
IL$94.04–$99.734
IN$94.331
KS$93.271
KY$92.721
LA$92.55–$95.192
MA$101.06–$108.882
MD$98.90–$108.883
ME$94.05–$97.332
MI$93.90–$96.482
MN$98.971
MO$91.50–$95.653
MS$91.371
MT$97.861
NC$94.661
ND$97.671
NE$94.111
NH$99.711
NJ$104.20–$108.502
NM$94.111
NV$97.851
NY$95.46–$110.155
OH$93.861
OK$92.861
OR$97.58–$103.722
PA$94.07–$100.742
PR$98.371
RI$100.331
SC$94.311
SD$97.641
TN$93.521
TX$93.69–$100.608
UT$95.061
VA$96.98–$108.882
VI$98.371
VT$97.241
WA$100.90–$110.842
WI$95.701
WV$91.971
WY$97.781

See 97161 in every payment locality

How the 97161 rate is calculated

Each of 97161’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 97161

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work1.54

1.54 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense1.38

1.38 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.01

0.01 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

2.9300

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$97.86

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Idaho inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

12,877

Code
97161
Physician work
1.54
Practice expense
1.38
Malpractice
0.01

GPCI2026.csv

47

Locality
Idaho
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.920
Malpractice
0.473
Office calculation for 97161 in Idaho
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.54× 1.0001.5400
Practice expense1.38× 0.9201.2696
Malpractice0.01× 0.4730.0047
Total RVUs2.8143
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Idaho$94.00

Office: (1.54 × 1 + 1.38 × 0.92 + 0.01 × 0.473) × $33.4009 = $94.00

Open 97161 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 97161

The CMS indicators that decide how 97161 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 97161

PT evaluation, low complexity, typically 20 minutes

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global periodXXXThe global surgery concept doesn’t apply.
Multiple procedures5Therapy reduction: practice expense of the second and later units is reduced.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical7Therapy service: the split doesn’t apply.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier CQ · payment effect

With and without the modifier

97161 without CQ · national office

$97.86

PT evaluation, low complexity, typically 20 minutes

97161-CQ · Allowed amount unchanged

$97.86

Medicare cuts its own payment by 15% after the patient’s 20% coinsurance; the allowed amount stays the same. On $100 allowed: $20 coinsurance, then Medicare pays $68 instead of $80.

How 97161 has changed in Idaho

97161 · Office / nonfacility

$94.00

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $1.00 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $93.00 to $94.00 (1.1%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $93.00changed to$94.00

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Practice expense RVU 1.45 changed to 1.38
    • Malpractice RVU 0.04 changed to 0.01
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.908 changed to 0.920
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.461 changed to 0.473

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $95.10changed to$93.00

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 1.43 changed to 1.45

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $93.55changed to$95.10

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $95.75changed to$93.55

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 1.42 changed to 1.43
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.893 changed to 0.908
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.439 changed to 0.461
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $95.27changed to$95.75

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 1.35 changed to 1.42
    • Malpractice RVU 0.07 changed to 0.04
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.877 changed to 0.893
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.416 changed to 0.439

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $95.16changed to$95.27

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 1.33 changed to 1.35
    • Malpractice RVU 0.05 changed to 0.07

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $82.05changed to$95.16

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Work RVU 1.20 changed to 1.54
    • Practice expense RVU 1.18 changed to 1.33
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.890 changed to 0.877
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.464 changed to 0.416

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $81.55changed to$82.05

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 1.15 changed to 1.18
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.902 changed to 0.890
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.512 changed to 0.464

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $80.81changed to$81.55

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 1.13 changed to 1.15

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $77.20changed to$80.81

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 1.00 changed to 1.13
    • Malpractice RVU 0.10 changed to 0.05
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.900 changed to 0.902
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.510 changed to 0.512

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. April 1, 2017

    RVU17B

    $76.55changed to$77.20

    • Practice expense RVU 0.98 changed to 1.00

    Held through RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    No ratechanged to$76.55

  13. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D, RVU15A, RVU15B, RVU15C, RVU15D, RVU16A, RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$94.00Not available in this settingRVU26D
2026-07-01$94.00Not available in this settingRVU26C
2026-04-01$94.00Not available in this settingRVU26B
2026-01-01$94.00Not available in this settingRVU26A
2025-10-01$93.00Not available in this settingRVU25D
2025-07-01$93.00Not available in this settingRVU25C
2025-04-01$93.00Not available in this settingRVU25B
2025-01-01$93.00Not available in this settingRVU25A
2024-10-01$95.10Not available in this settingRVU24D
2024-07-01$95.10Not available in this settingRVU24C
2024-04-01$95.10Not available in this settingRVU24B
2024-03-09$95.10Not available in this settingRVU24AR
2024-01-01$93.55Not available in this settingRVU24A
2023-10-01$95.75Not available in this settingRVU23D
2023-07-01$95.75Not available in this settingRVU23C
2023-04-01$95.75Not available in this settingRVU23B
2023-01-01$95.75Not available in this settingRVU23A
2022-10-01$95.27Not available in this settingRVU22D
2022-07-01$95.27Not available in this settingRVU22C
2022-04-01$95.27Not available in this settingRVU22B
2022-01-01$95.27Not available in this settingRVU22A
2021-10-01$95.16Not available in this settingRVU21D
2021-07-01$95.16Not available in this settingRVU21C
2021-04-01$95.16Not available in this settingRVU21B
2021-01-01$95.16Not available in this settingRVU21A
2020-10-01$82.05Not available in this settingRVU20D
2020-07-01$82.05Not available in this settingRVU20C
2020-04-01$82.05Not available in this settingRVU20B
2020-01-01$82.05Not available in this settingRVU20A
2019-10-01$81.55Not available in this settingRVU19D
2019-07-01$81.55Not available in this settingRVU19C
2019-04-01$81.55Not available in this settingRVU19B
2019-01-01$81.55Not available in this settingRVU19A
2018-10-01$80.81Not available in this settingRVU18D
2018-07-01$80.81Not available in this settingRVU18C
2018-04-01$80.81Not available in this settingRVU18B
2018-01-01$80.81Not available in this settingRVU18AR1
2017-10-01$77.20Not available in this settingRVU17D
2017-07-01$77.20Not available in this settingRVU17C
2017-04-01$77.20Not available in this settingRVU17B
2017-01-01$76.55Not available in this settingRVU17A
2016-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16D
2016-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16C
2016-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16B
2016-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU16A
2015-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15D
2015-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15C
2015-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15B
2015-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU15A
2014-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14D
2014-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14C
2014-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14B
2014-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14A
2013-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13D
2013-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13C
2013-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13B
2013-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13AR

Price 97161 for an earlier date of service

Where the Idaho rate applies

Idaho is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 235 cities and communities in Idaho. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Aberdeen
  • Acequia
  • Albion
  • American Falls
  • Ammon
  • Arbon Valley
  • Arco
  • Arimo

Browse all communities in Idaho

97161 billing questions

How do I choose between 97161, 97162, and 97163?

Compare the documented history, examination, clinical presentation, and decision making with the requirements for each level. Do not choose a level from time or one component alone; 97162 generally involves personal factors or comorbidities affecting care, a broader exam, and an evolving presentation.

Do I bill time units for 97161?

No. Report one unit for the evaluation. The approximately 20-minute face-to-face time is typical, not a minimum that must be met.

Can treatment be billed on the same day as the evaluation?

Yes. Therapeutic exercise or manual therapy can be reported separately when the treatment is distinct from the evaluation and its time is documented. The therapy multiple procedure payment reduction affects practice expense for the second and later therapy units that day.

Which modifier is used for a Medicare physical therapy evaluation?

Use GP to identify the service as furnished under a physical therapy plan of care. Do not use modifier 26; this therapy service is not divided into separately billed professional and technical components.

When should 97164 be used instead?

Use 97164 to re-evaluate a patient under an established physical therapy plan of care, such as after a significant change in status. Use an initial evaluation code when a new episode requires an initial assessment and plan.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 97161PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 12,877 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for IdahoGPCI2026.csv, line 47 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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