CPT code 99231: Subsequent hospital visit, straightforward or low MDM, 25 minutes2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Utah

Report a subsequent hospital inpatient or observation visit when medical decision making is straightforward or low, or practitioner time reaches 25 minutes.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality4.1M Medicare services in 2024

In Utah, Medicare pays $43.34 for 99231 in a facility. There’s no office rate.

Not available in this settingOffice (non-facility)
$43.34Hospital or facility

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 99231 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 99231 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Utah
  2. What 99231 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 99231 covers

Physicians and qualified health care professionals, including hospitalists, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and consulting specialists, use this level for later inpatient or observation visits during a hospital stay. A rounding visit may involve checking interval symptoms, reviewing new laboratory results, and continuing or adjusting the care plan. The level depends on documented medical decision making or practitioner time, not simply whether the patient appears stable or the encounter is brief.

Report 99231 for straightforward or low medical decision making, or when the billing practitioner spends at least 25 minutes on the date of service. Medical decision making is determined from the problems addressed, data reviewed or analyzed, and management risk; two of those three elements must support the selected level. Count qualifying same-day practitioner time, including work away from the bedside, but exclude time spent on separately reported services. Document the assessment and plan, medically appropriate history and examination when performed, and total time if selecting by time. Initial care and discharge management have separate codes; another practitioner may report a medically necessary subsequent visit on the discharge date.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Utah compares for 99231

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the facility rate for 99231 runs from $41.66 in Arkansas to $60.11 in Alaska. Utah pays $43.34. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

99231 in Utah vs other payment areas
  1. Utah · this page$43.34
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$46.03+$2.69
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$47.62+$4.28
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$48.50+$5.16
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$47.82+$4.48
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$49.09+$5.75
  7. Alaska · Alaska$60.11+$16.77

Other areas in Utah first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

99231 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama—$41.93
ArkansasArkansas—$41.66
ArizonaArizona—$43.46
Bakersfield, CACalifornia—$44.45
Chico, CACalifornia—$44.19
El Centro, CACalifornia—$44.20
Fresno, CACalifornia—$44.19
Hanford, CACalifornia—$44.19

99231 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

View every state and territory as a table
99231 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AKNo published base rate1
ALNo published base rate1
ARNo published base rate1
AZNo published base rate1
CANo published base rate29
CONo published base rate1
CTNo published base rate1
DCNo published base rate1
DENo published base rate1
FLNo published base rate3
GANo published base rate2
GUNo published base rate1
HINo published base rate1
IANo published base rate1
IDNo published base rate1
ILNo published base rate4
INNo published base rate1
KSNo published base rate1
KYNo published base rate1
LANo published base rate2
MANo published base rate2
MDNo published base rate3
MENo published base rate2
MINo published base rate2
MNNo published base rate1
MONo published base rate3
MSNo published base rate1
MTNo published base rate1
NCNo published base rate1
NDNo published base rate1
NENo published base rate1
NHNo published base rate1
NJNo published base rate2
NMNo published base rate1
NVNo published base rate1
NYNo published base rate5
OHNo published base rate1
OKNo published base rate1
ORNo published base rate2
PANo published base rate2
PRNo published base rate1
RINo published base rate1
SCNo published base rate1
SDNo published base rate1
TNNo published base rate1
TXNo published base rate8
UTNo published base rate1
VANo published base rate2
VINo published base rate1
VTNo published base rate1
WANo published base rate2
WINo published base rate1
WVNo published base rate1
WYNo published base rate1

See 99231 in every payment locality

How the 99231 rate is calculated

Each of 99231’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 99231

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work1.00

1.00 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense0.24

0.24 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.08

0.08 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

1.3200

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$44.09

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Utah inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

13,021

Code
99231
Physician work
1.00
Practice expense
0.24
Malpractice
0.08

GPCI2026.csv

104

Locality
Utah
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.940
Malpractice
0.898
Facility calculation for 99231 in Utah
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work1.00× 1.0001.0000
Practice expense0.24× 0.9400.2256
Malpractice0.08× 0.8980.0718
Total RVUs1.2974
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Facility rate, Utah$43.34

Facility: (1 × 1 + 0.24 × 0.94 + 0.08 × 0.898) × $33.4009 = $43.34

Open 99231 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 99231

99231 has no global surgery period, no multiple-procedure, bilateral or assistant-at-surgery adjustment, and no professional/technical split. What changes the payment is where the service happens: the place of service on the claim decides whether Medicare pays the office or the facility rate.

Place of service · 99231

Which rate does Medicare pay?

The POS code on the claim line (CMS-1500 box 24B).

POS 11 · non-facility rate · national

—

99231 isn’t priced in this setting.

How 99231 has changed in Utah

99231 · Office / nonfacility

Rate unavailable

Effective 2026-10-01

A rate is unavailable in one of these releases, so a change cannot be calculated.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01Not available in this setting$43.34RVU26D
2026-07-01Not available in this setting$43.34RVU26C
2026-04-01Not available in this setting$43.34RVU26B
2026-01-01Not available in this setting$43.34RVU26A
2025-10-01Not available in this setting$46.22RVU25D
2025-07-01Not available in this setting$46.22RVU25C
2025-04-01Not available in this setting$46.22RVU25B
2025-01-01Not available in this setting$46.22RVU25A
2024-10-01Not available in this setting$47.88RVU24D
2024-07-01Not available in this setting$47.88RVU24C
2024-04-01Not available in this setting$47.88RVU24B
2024-03-09Not available in this setting$47.88RVU24AR
2024-01-01Not available in this setting$47.09RVU24A
2023-10-01Not available in this setting$48.43RVU23D
2023-07-01Not available in this setting$48.43RVU23C
2023-04-01Not available in this setting$48.43RVU23B
2023-01-01Not available in this setting$48.43RVU23A
2022-10-01Not available in this setting$37.46RVU22D
2022-07-01Not available in this setting$37.46RVU22C
2022-04-01Not available in this setting$37.46RVU22B
2022-01-01Not available in this setting$37.46RVU22A
2021-10-01Not available in this setting$37.21RVU21D
2021-07-01Not available in this setting$37.21RVU21C
2021-04-01Not available in this setting$37.21RVU21B
2021-01-01Not available in this setting$37.21RVU21A
2020-10-01Not available in this setting$39.21RVU20D
2020-07-01Not available in this setting$39.21RVU20C
2020-04-01Not available in this setting$39.21RVU20B
2020-01-01Not available in this setting$39.21RVU20A
2019-10-01Not available in this setting$39.60RVU19D
2019-07-01Not available in this setting$39.60RVU19C
2019-04-01Not available in this setting$39.60RVU19B
2019-01-01Not available in this setting$39.60RVU19A
2018-10-01Not available in this setting$39.55RVU18D
2018-07-01Not available in this setting$39.55RVU18C
2018-04-01Not available in this setting$39.55RVU18B
2018-01-01Not available in this setting$39.55RVU18AR1
2017-10-01Not available in this setting$39.42RVU17D
2017-07-01Not available in this setting$39.42RVU17C
2017-04-01Not available in this setting$39.42RVU17B
2017-01-01Not available in this setting$39.42RVU17A
2016-10-01Not available in this setting$39.30RVU16D
2016-07-01Not available in this setting$39.30RVU16C
2016-04-01Not available in this setting$39.30RVU16B
2016-01-01Not available in this setting$39.30RVU16A
2015-10-01Not available in this setting$39.02RVU15D
2015-07-01Not available in this setting$39.02RVU15C
2015-04-01Not available in this setting$38.82RVU15B
2015-01-01Not available in this setting$38.82RVU15A
2014-10-01Not available in this setting$38.81RVU14D
2014-07-01Not available in this setting$38.81RVU14C
2014-04-01Not available in this setting$38.81RVU14B
2014-01-01Not available in this setting$38.81RVU14A
2013-10-01Not available in this setting$37.39RVU13D
2013-07-01Not available in this setting$37.39RVU13C
2013-04-01Not available in this setting$37.39RVU13B
2013-01-01Not available in this setting$37.39RVU13AR

Price 99231 for an earlier date of service

Where the Utah rate applies

Utah is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 334 cities and communities in Utah. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Alpine
  • Alta
  • Altamont
  • Alton
  • Amalga
  • American Fork
  • Aneth
  • Annabella

Browse all communities in Utah

99231 billing questions

How do I decide between 99231 and 99232?

Select 99231 for straightforward or low medical decision making, or at least 25 minutes of total practitioner time. Moderate medical decision making or at least 35 minutes supports 99232.

Can 99231 be reported for observation patients?

Yes. The subsequent hospital care codes cover both inpatient and observation status; the former separate subsequent observation codes were deleted in 2023.

Can 99231 be reported on the day of discharge?

The practitioner managing discharge reports discharge management rather than a subsequent visit for that work. Another practitioner may report 99231 for a medically necessary subsequent visit on the discharge date when its level is supported.

What counts toward the 25-minute time threshold?

Count the billing practitioner's qualifying time on the date of the visit, including reviewing results, examining the patient, documenting, and communicating with the care team. Exclude time spent on separately reported services.

How are split or shared visits with an NP or PA billed to Medicare?

For a facility visit shared by a physician and an NP or PA in the same group, the practitioner who performs the substantive portion bills 99231 with modifier FS. The substantive portion is more than half the total distinct time or the substantive part of medical decision making.

Can a consultant use 99231 for follow-up visits?

Yes. After a consultant's initial inpatient or observation visit, a later medically necessary visit may be reported with 99231 when its level is supported. Medicare uses initial hospital care codes, rather than consultation codes, for the consultant's initial visit.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 99231PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 13,021 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for UtahGPCI2026.csv, line 104 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

Did this answer your question about what 99231 pays in Utah?

Tell us what you were actually trying to work out. We’ll answer you directly, or build the page that does.

Fee sheets

Put 99231 and the rest of your codes on one sheet

Your codes at your locality, with payer contracts beside Medicare.

Build my fee sheet