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CPT code 28150: Toe amputation, at the MTP joint2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Vermont

Report this service when a surgeon removes an entire toe through its metatarsophalangeal joint, such as for a nonviable or severely infected toe.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality432 Medicare services in 2024

In Vermont, Medicare pays $404.45 for 28150 in the office and $257.31 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

$404.45Office (non-facility)
$257.31Hospital or facility
−2.3%vs the national office rate ($414.17)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28150 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 28150 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Vermont
  2. What 28150 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 28150 covers

A surgeon removes the toe by disarticulating it at the metatarsophalangeal joint. This operation may be performed by a podiatrist or orthopedic surgeon when a toe is nonviable from ischemia or gangrene, or when severe infection makes preservation unsuitable. The operative report should identify the affected digit and document the amputation level; removal limited to a toe bone or joint is a different service.

Report 28150 for the complete toe removal at the MTP joint, not for an amputation through an interphalangeal joint. Medicare treats it as major surgery with a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and related postoperative care during that period. When other procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard multiple-procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for bilateral reporting. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery, and co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Vermont compares for 28150

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28150 runs from $370.24 in Arkansas to $538.54 in San Benito County, CA. Vermont pays $404.45. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

28150 in Vermont vs other payment areas
  1. Vermont · this page$404.45
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$462.97+$58.52
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$469.90+$65.45
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$446.88+$42.43
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$435.04+$30.59
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$473.87+$69.42
  7. Alaska · Alaska$493.57+$89.12

Other areas in Vermont first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

28150 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$375.16$245.11
ArkansasArkansas$370.24$242.56
ArizonaArizona$403.97$259.95
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$436.34$273.44
Chico, CACalifornia$435.02$272.11
El Centro, CACalifornia$435.09$272.19
Fresno, CACalifornia$435.02$272.11
Hanford, CACalifornia$435.02$272.11

28150 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

MEWIVTNHMTNDMNMINYMARIWAIDWYSDIAILINOHPANJCTORNVUTCONEMOKYWVVAMDDECAAZNMKSOKARTNNCSCDCTXLAMSALGAFLAKHI

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$370.24

$493.57

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
28150 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$493.571
AL$375.161
AR$370.241
AZ$403.971
CA$435.02–$538.5429
CO$429.461
CT$440.131
DC$469.901
DE$410.261
FL$409.86–$446.883
GA$388.61–$421.672
GU$444.051
HI$444.051
IA$383.221
ID$385.631
IL$399.45–$435.044
IN$387.651
KS$381.881
KY$383.851
LA$383.42–$400.652
MA$427.35–$469.102
MD$417.52–$469.903
ME$387.77–$406.512
MI$393.21–$414.852
MN$411.661
MO$377.61–$401.613
MS$373.981
MT$414.141
NC$391.421
ND$405.641
NE$385.051
NH$423.131
NJ$445.19–$465.772
NM$395.301
NV$412.031
NY$396.80–$484.845
OH$391.471
OK$382.911
OR$408.86–$441.802
PA$391.88–$430.172
PR$416.841
RI$423.891
SC$392.091
SD$404.631
TN$383.661
TX$389.55–$428.028
UT$396.971
VA$405.49–$469.902
VI$416.841
VT$404.451
WA$426.42–$477.942
WI$393.221
WV$386.011
WY$410.441

See 28150 in every payment locality

How the 28150 rate is calculated

Each of 28150’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 28150

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work4.12

4.12 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense7.85

7.85 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.43

0.43 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

12.4000

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$414.17

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Vermont inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

3,138

Code
28150
Physician work
4.12
Practice expense
7.85
Malpractice
0.43

GPCI2026.csv

105

Locality
Vermont
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.990
Malpractice
0.506
Office calculation for 28150 in Vermont
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work4.12× 1.0004.1200
Practice expense7.85× 0.9907.7715
Malpractice0.43× 0.5060.2176
Total RVUs12.1091
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Vermont$404.45

Office: (4.12 × 1 + 7.85 × 0.99 + 0.43 × 0.506) × $33.4009 = $404.45

Facility: (4.12 × 1 + 3.4 × 0.99 + 0.43 × 0.506) × $33.4009 = $257.31

Open 28150 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 28150

28150 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

CMS payment indicators · 28150

Toe amputation, at the MTP joint

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global period090Major surgery: the day before, the day of, and 90 days after are included.
Multiple procedures2Standard reduction: highest-valued procedure at 100%, others at 50%.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)1Not paid (statutory restriction).
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical0Physician service: no professional/technical split.
Split (54/55/56)0.10/0.69/0.21Share of the payment for pre-op, the procedure itself, and post-op care.

Global surgery period · 28150

Toe amputation, at the MTP joint

90-day global period ends

Dec 30, 2026

Covers Sep 30, 2026 through Dec 30, 2026 (92 days, including the day before surgery).

Visit on Oct 31, 2026

Day 30 of the 90-day post-op period: related follow-up care is included in the surgical payment.

  • 24Unrelated E/M visit by the same physician
  • 79Unrelated procedure (starts its own global period)
  • 58Staged, more extensive, or therapy procedure that was planned
  • 78Unplanned return to the operating room for a related complication
SurgeryVisit
Sep 23, 2026Jan 10, 2027

Pre-op dayGlobal period

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 51 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

28150 without 51 · national office

$414.17

Toe amputation, at the MTP joint

28150-51 · Second procedure: 50%

$207.09

When this isn’t the highest-valued procedure in the session, Medicare pays 50% of its fee schedule amount (the highest is paid at 100%).

When to use modifier 51

Codes related to 28150

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

Codes related to 28150
CodeHow it relatesOffice range, Vermont
Same family
28160Toe bone excision, joint or partial phalanxToe amputation through an interphalangeal joint rather than the MTP joint.$397.71
Used instead
28124Toe bone excision, partial phalanx excisionFor partial excision of toe phalanx bone rather than complete toe removal at the MTP joint.$463.58
28126Toe bone excision, complete phalanx removalFor resection of toe phalanx condyle(s), a more limited bone procedure than toe amputation.$378.29

How 28150 has changed in Vermont

28150 · Office / nonfacility

$404.45

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $8.60 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $395.85 to $404.45 (2.2%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release

  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $395.85changed to$404.45

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 4.23 changed to 4.12
    • Practice expense RVU 7.84 changed to 7.85
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.993 changed to 0.990
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.518 changed to 0.506

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $409.51changed to$395.85

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 7.91 changed to 7.84
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.43

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $402.83changed to$409.51

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $414.23changed to$402.83

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 7.80 changed to 7.91
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.42
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.997 changed to 0.993
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.543 changed to 0.518

  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $420.65changed to$414.23

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 7.69 changed to 7.80
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.001 changed to 0.997
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.569 changed to 0.543

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $430.82changed to$420.65

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 7.87 changed to 7.69
    • Malpractice RVU 0.42 changed to 0.40

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $434.16changed to$430.82

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 7.49 changed to 7.87
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.42
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.008 changed to 1.001
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.582 changed to 0.569

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $439.91changed to$434.16

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 7.63 changed to 7.49
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.43
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.015 changed to 1.008
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.595 changed to 0.582

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $440.31changed to$439.91

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 7.66 changed to 7.63
    • Malpractice RVU 0.38 changed to 0.39

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $439.86changed to$440.31

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 7.70 changed to 7.66
    • Malpractice RVU 0.39 changed to 0.38
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.010 changed to 1.015
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.639 changed to 0.595

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $438.73changed to$439.86

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Practice expense RVU 7.72 changed to 7.70
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.39
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.004 changed to 1.010
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.682 changed to 0.639

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $440.33changed to$438.73

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Practice expense RVU 7.70 changed to 7.72
    • Malpractice RVU 0.43 changed to 0.40

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $438.14changed to$440.33

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    $434.99changed to$438.14

    • Conversion factor 35.8228 changed to 35.7547
    • Practice expense RVU 7.62 changed to 7.70
    • Malpractice RVU 0.40 changed to 0.43
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.006 changed to 1.004
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.618 changed to 0.682

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2014

    RVU14A

    No ratechanged to$434.99

    Held through RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

  16. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$404.45$257.31RVU26D
2026-07-01$404.45$257.31RVU26C
2026-04-01$404.45$257.31RVU26B
2026-01-01$404.45$257.31RVU26A
2025-10-01$395.85$268.98RVU25D
2025-07-01$395.85$268.98RVU25C
2025-04-01$395.85$268.98RVU25B
2025-01-01$395.85$268.98RVU25A
2024-10-01$409.51$274.32RVU24D
2024-07-01$409.51$274.32RVU24C
2024-04-01$409.51$274.32RVU24B
2024-03-09$409.51$274.32RVU24AR
2024-01-01$402.83$269.84RVU24A
2023-10-01$414.23$274.70RVU23D
2023-07-01$414.23$274.70RVU23C
2023-04-01$414.23$274.70RVU23B
2023-01-01$414.23$274.70RVU23A
2022-10-01$420.65$276.20RVU22D
2022-07-01$420.65$276.20RVU22C
2022-04-01$420.65$276.20RVU22B
2022-01-01$420.65$276.20RVU22A
2021-10-01$430.82$277.49RVU21D
2021-07-01$430.82$277.49RVU21C
2021-04-01$430.82$277.49RVU21B
2021-01-01$430.82$277.49RVU21A
2020-10-01$434.16$283.56RVU20D
2020-07-01$434.16$283.56RVU20C
2020-04-01$434.16$283.56RVU20B
2020-01-01$434.16$283.56RVU20A
2019-10-01$439.91$285.91RVU19D
2019-07-01$439.91$285.91RVU19C
2019-04-01$439.91$285.91RVU19B
2019-01-01$439.91$285.91RVU19A
2018-10-01$440.31$285.75RVU18D
2018-07-01$440.31$285.75RVU18C
2018-04-01$440.31$285.75RVU18B
2018-01-01$440.31$285.75RVU18AR1
2017-10-01$439.86$285.81RVU17D
2017-07-01$439.86$285.81RVU17C
2017-04-01$439.86$285.81RVU17B
2017-01-01$439.86$285.81RVU17A
2016-10-01$438.73$285.60RVU16D
2016-07-01$438.73$285.60RVU16C
2016-04-01$438.73$285.60RVU16B
2016-01-01$438.73$285.60RVU16A
2015-10-01$440.33$286.64RVU15D
2015-07-01$440.33$286.64RVU15C
2015-04-01$438.14$285.22RVU15B
2015-01-01$438.14$285.22RVU15A
2014-10-01$434.99$284.00RVU14D
2014-07-01$434.99$284.00RVU14C
2014-04-01$434.99$284.00RVU14B
2014-01-01$434.99$284.00RVU14A
2013-10-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13D
2013-07-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13C
2013-04-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13B
2013-01-01Rate data unavailableRate data unavailableRVU13AR

Price 28150 for an earlier date of service

Where the Vermont rate applies

Vermont is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 180 cities and communities in Vermont. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Albany
  • Alburgh
  • Algiers
  • Arlington
  • Ascutney
  • Bakersfield
  • Barnet
  • Barre

Browse all communities in Vermont

28150 billing questions

How does 28150 differ from 28160?

28150 is for removing the toe through the metatarsophalangeal joint. 28160 is for an amputation through an interphalangeal joint.

Can 28150 be used when only part of a toe bone is removed?

No. Use 28150 for removal of the toe through the MTP joint; a limited bone excision, such as 28124, describes a different extent of surgery.

What documentation supports reporting 28150?

Document the affected digit, the MTP-joint amputation level, and the operative work performed. The record should make clear that the procedure removed the toe rather than only a portion of a phalanx.

Can modifier 50 be used when both feet are treated?

No. The CMS bilateral adjustment does not apply, and modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code.

How are other procedures in the same session paid?

Under the standard multiple-procedure reduction, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and the other procedures are paid at 50% when performed in the same session.

Is an assistant surgeon or co-surgeon payable?

Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery for this code. Co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 28150PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 3,138 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for VermontGPCI2026.csv, line 105 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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