CPT code 28160: Toe bone excision, joint or partial phalanx2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Vermont

In Vermont, Medicare pays $397.71 for 28160 in the office and $247.92 when it’s performed in a hospital or facility.

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 28160 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

What 28160 covers

This service covers operative removal involving a toe interphalangeal joint or part of a toe phalanx. Podiatrists and orthopedic foot and ankle surgeons may perform it for a painful toe deformity when the planned procedure is joint excision or removal of part of the phalanx. For example, documentation may describe the specific toe and the bone or joint excised to address a rigid deformity or focal pressure.

Select this code from the operative work, not just the diagnosis: document the affected toe, the extent of bone removed, and whether the surgeon excised the joint or part of a phalanx. Medicare assigns a 90-day global period, including the day-before preoperative visit and 90 days of related postoperative care. When multiple procedures are performed in the same session, the highest-valued procedure is paid in full and other procedures are subject to the standard 50% multiple-procedure reduction. Modifier 50 is inappropriate for this code. Medicare does not pay an assistant at surgery; co-surgeons and team surgery are not permitted.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Vermont compares for 28160

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 28160 runs from $362.78 in Arkansas to $532.92 in San Benito County, CA. Vermont pays $397.71. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

Every other payment area

28160 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

See 28160 in every payment locality

How the 28160 rate is calculated

Each of 28160’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

Payment rules and modifiers for 28160

28160 has a 90-day global period: related visits in that window are included in the surgery payment.

What modifiers do to the payment

When to use modifier 51

Codes related to 28160

Related codes aren’t interchangeable: bill the code that matches the service performed.

How 28160 has changed in Vermont

Price 28160 for an earlier date of service

Where the Vermont rate applies

Vermont is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 180 cities and communities in Vermont. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

• Albany
• Alburgh
• Algiers
• Arlington
• Ascutney
• Bakersfield
• Barnet
• Barre

Browse all communities in Vermont

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates