CPT code 88341: Immunostain, each additional single antibody2026 Medicare rate & RVUs in Vermont

Report 88341 for each additional distinct single-antibody immunostain on a specimen after its initial single-antibody stain is reported with 88342.

CMS RVU26DEffective Oct 1, 2026One payment locality3.8M Medicare services in 2024

In Vermont, Medicare pays $93.27 for 88341 in the office.

$93.27Office (non-facility)
Not available in this settingHospital or facility
−1.0%vs the national office rate ($94.19)

Check a contract rate as a % of Medicare · 88341 nationwide

Medicare allowed amount for participating (non-QP) physicians, before deductible, coinsurance and claim adjustments. Not a patient’s bill or a hospital charge.

We’ll open 88341 for the payment locality that covers the ZIP.

On this page 11 sections
  1. Rate in Vermont
  2. What 88341 covers
  3. Compared with other areas
  4. Rate map
  5. How it’s calculated
  6. Payment rules
  7. Related codes
  8. Rate history
  9. Where it applies
  10. Billing questions
  11. Sources

What 88341 covers

This service covers another single-antibody immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry stain on a specimen after its first single-antibody stain. A laboratory applies a distinct antibody, such as a keratin or CD marker, to tissue sections or cytology material. A pathologist interprets the staining to help classify a carcinoma, lymphoma, or other lesion. Hospital pathology departments and independent laboratories perform the staining; the specimen may also have a separately reported surgical pathology examination.

Report one unit for each distinct additional single-antibody stain per specimen, not for each slide or tissue block. Report the initial single-antibody stain on each separately identified specimen with 88342; document the specimen, antibodies tested, and results. Control slides do not generate additional units. As an add-on, 88341 must accompany a primary procedure and is paid within that procedure’s global period. Modifier 26 identifies the pathologist’s interpretation, and modifier TC identifies the laboratory’s staining, reagents, and staff work when components are billed separately. Billing without either modifier identifies the global service.

This summary was written with AI assistance from CMS physician fee schedule data and checked against the CMS billing rules shown here. Rates on this page come directly from CMS files.

How Vermont compares for 88341

Across 109 of 109 payment localities, the office rate for 88341 runs from $83.39 in Arkansas to $129.42 in San Benito County, CA. Vermont pays $93.27. The RVUs are the same everywhere; the geographic indexes change the dollars.

88341 in Vermont vs other payment areas
  1. Vermont · this page$93.27
  2. Los Angeles, CA · California$108.65+$15.38
  3. Washington, DC area · District of Columbia$108.66+$15.39
  4. Miami, FL · Florida$97.80+$4.53
  5. Chicago, IL · Illinois$95.13+$1.86
  6. Manhattan, NY · New York$107.79+$14.52
  7. Alaska · Alaska$108.13+$14.86

Other areas in Vermont first, then benchmark localities. Bars start at $0.

Every other payment area

88341 in every other Medicare payment locality
Payment localityOfficeFacility
AlabamaAlabama$84.61—
ArkansasArkansas$83.39—
ArizonaArizona$91.80—
Bakersfield, CACalifornia$101.66—
Chico, CACalifornia$101.59—
El Centro, CACalifornia$101.60—
Fresno, CACalifornia$101.59—
Hanford, CACalifornia$101.59—

88341 rates by state

Office rate range in each state. Select a state to see its payment localities.

Explore a state

Local rates. Clear comparisons.

Hover or focus a tile to see its rate range. Select it to open the state’s fee schedule.

$83.39

$115.51

Color shows the midpoint of each state’s locality range.

View every state and territory as a table
88341 office rate range by state
State / territoryOffice rate rangeLocalities
AK$108.131
AL$84.611
AR$83.391
AZ$91.801
CA$101.59–$129.4229
CO$99.171
CT$100.441
DC$108.661
DE$93.341
FL$91.04–$97.803
GA$86.10–$95.522
GU$104.391
HI$104.391
IA$87.571
ID$87.981
IL$87.81–$96.624
IN$88.511
KS$86.781
KY$85.781
LA$85.50–$89.782
MA$98.42–$109.552
MD$95.25–$108.663
ME$88.03–$93.392
MI$87.67–$91.782
MN$96.141
MO$83.76–$90.573
MS$83.611
MT$94.191
NC$89.011
ND$93.991
NE$88.171
NH$97.241
NJ$101.90–$107.452
NM$87.991
NV$94.211
NY$90.32–$109.925
OH$87.631
OK$86.041
OR$93.79–$102.782
PA$87.98–$97.682
PR$95.021
RI$96.991
SC$88.401
SD$93.971
TN$87.171
TX$87.37–$98.578
UT$89.631
VA$92.81–$108.662
VI$95.021
VT$93.271
WA$98.35–$112.182
WI$90.791
WV$84.451
WY$94.101

See 88341 in every payment locality

How the 88341 rate is calculated

Each of 88341’s three RVUs is multiplied by a geographic index (GPCI) for the payment locality, added up, and multiplied by the conversion factor. Drag the indexes or enter a ZIP to see what moves the rate.

How the rate is built · 88341

RVUs × geographic indexes × conversion factor

Office or facility?

Work0.55

0.55 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Practice expense2.26

2.26 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Malpractice0.01

0.01 RVUs× 1.000 GPCI

Adjusted RVUs

2.8200

Conversion factor

$33.4009

Medicare rate

$94.19

Every GPCI starts at 1.000, the national rate. Enter a ZIP or drag a slider.

The exact Vermont inputs and CMS source lines

PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv

11,248

Code
88341
Physician work
0.55
Practice expense
2.26
Malpractice
0.01

GPCI2026.csv

105

Locality
Vermont
Physician work
1.000
Practice expense
0.990
Malpractice
0.506
Office calculation for 88341 in Vermont
ComponentRVULocality factorAdjusted
Physician work0.55× 1.0000.5500
Practice expense2.26× 0.9902.2374
Malpractice0.01× 0.5060.0051
Total RVUs2.7925
Conversion factor× 33.4009

Office rate, Vermont$93.27

Office: (0.55 × 1 + 2.26 × 0.99 + 0.01 × 0.506) × $33.4009 = $93.27

Open 88341 in the RVU calculator

Payment rules and modifiers for 88341

The CMS indicators that decide how 88341 is paid alongside other services.

CMS payment indicators · 88341

Immunostain, each additional single antibody

RuleCMS valueWhat it means
Global periodZZZAdd-on code: falls within the primary procedure’s global period.
Multiple procedures0No multiple-procedure reduction.
Bilateral (modifier 50)0The 150% bilateral adjustment doesn’t apply.
Assistant at surgery (80/81/82/AS)0Not paid without supporting documentation.
Co-surgeons (62)0Not permitted.
Team surgery (66)0Not permitted.
Professional/technical1Diagnostic test with separate professional (26) and technical (TC) components.

What modifiers do to the payment

Modifier 26 · payment effect

With and without the modifier

88341 without 26 · national office

$94.19

Immunostain, each additional single antibody

88341-26 · Professional component

$26.72

Pays only the interpretation and report.

When to use modifier 26

How 88341 has changed in Vermont

88341 · Office / nonfacility

$93.27

Effective 2026-10-01

The base rate is $0.47 higher than on 2025-10-01, moving from $92.80 to $93.27 (0.5%).

It is unchanged from the immediately preceding available release, effective 2026-07-01.

Base rate by release · bars start at $0 · select a bar to compare

One bar per available release, ordered by effective date. Missing rates remain gaps. These comparisons hold the code, setting and locality identifiers constant; they do not isolate which policy or input caused a change.

What changed, release by release
  1. January 1, 2026

    RVU26A

    $92.80changed to$93.27

    • Conversion factor 32.3465 changed to 33.4009
    • Work RVU 0.56 changed to 0.55
    • Practice expense RVU 2.32 changed to 2.26
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.993 changed to 0.990
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.518 changed to 0.506

    Held through RVU26B, RVU26C, RVU26D.

  2. January 1, 2025

    RVU25A

    $89.88changed to$92.80

    • Conversion factor 33.2875 changed to 32.3465
    • Practice expense RVU 2.15 changed to 2.32

    Held through RVU25B, RVU25C, RVU25D.

  3. March 9, 2024

    RVU24AR

    $88.41changed to$89.88

    • Conversion factor 32.7442 changed to 33.2875

    Held through RVU24B, RVU24C, RVU24D.

  4. January 1, 2024

    RVU24A

    $86.73changed to$88.41

    • Conversion factor 33.8872 changed to 32.7442
    • Practice expense RVU 2.00 changed to 2.15
    • Practice expense GPCI 0.997 changed to 0.993
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.543 changed to 0.518
  5. January 1, 2023

    RVU23A

    $89.55changed to$86.73

    • Conversion factor 34.6062 changed to 33.8872
    • Practice expense RVU 2.02 changed to 2.00
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.001 changed to 0.997
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.569 changed to 0.543

    Held through RVU23B, RVU23C, RVU23D.

  6. January 1, 2022

    RVU22A

    $93.79changed to$89.55

    • Conversion factor 34.8931 changed to 34.6062
    • Practice expense RVU 2.12 changed to 2.02

    Held through RVU22B, RVU22C, RVU22D.

  7. January 1, 2021

    RVU21A

    $94.63changed to$93.79

    • Conversion factor 36.0896 changed to 34.8931
    • Practice expense RVU 2.04 changed to 2.12
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.008 changed to 1.001
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.582 changed to 0.569

    Held through RVU21B, RVU21C, RVU21D.

  8. January 1, 2020

    RVU20A

    $95.38changed to$94.63

    • Conversion factor 36.0391 changed to 36.0896
    • Practice expense RVU 2.05 changed to 2.04
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.015 changed to 1.008
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.595 changed to 0.582

    Held through RVU20B, RVU20C, RVU20D.

  9. January 1, 2019

    RVU19A

    $95.65changed to$95.38

    • Conversion factor 35.9996 changed to 36.0391
    • Practice expense RVU 2.06 changed to 2.05

    Held through RVU19B, RVU19C, RVU19D.

  10. January 1, 2018

    RVU18AR1

    $92.82changed to$95.65

    • Conversion factor 35.8887 changed to 35.9996
    • Practice expense RVU 2.00 changed to 2.06
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.010 changed to 1.015
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.639 changed to 0.595

    Held through RVU18B, RVU18C, RVU18D.

  11. January 1, 2017

    RVU17A

    $90.40changed to$92.82

    • Conversion factor 35.8043 changed to 35.8887
    • Work RVU 0.53 changed to 0.56
    • Practice expense RVU 1.98 changed to 2.00
    • Practice expense GPCI 1.004 changed to 1.010
    • Malpractice GPCI 0.682 changed to 0.639

    Held through RVU17B, RVU17C, RVU17D.

  12. January 1, 2016

    RVU16A

    $67.89changed to$90.40

    • Conversion factor 35.9335 changed to 35.8043
    • Work RVU 0.42 changed to 0.53
    • Practice expense RVU 1.45 changed to 1.98
    • Malpractice RVU 0.02 changed to 0.01

    Held through RVU16B, RVU16C, RVU16D.

  13. July 1, 2015

    RVU15C

    $67.56changed to$67.89

    • Conversion factor 35.7547 changed to 35.9335

    Held through RVU15D.

  14. January 1, 2015

    RVU15A

    No ratechanged to$67.56

    Held through RVU15B.

  15. January 1, 2013

    RVU13AR

    Earliest loaded release: No rate

    Held through RVU13B, RVU13C, RVU13D, RVU14A, RVU14B, RVU14C, RVU14D.

Rates in every CMS release
Effective fromOfficeFacilityCMS release
2026-10-01$93.27Not available in this settingRVU26D
2026-07-01$93.27Not available in this settingRVU26C
2026-04-01$93.27Not available in this settingRVU26B
2026-01-01$93.27Not available in this settingRVU26A
2025-10-01$92.80Not available in this settingRVU25D
2025-07-01$92.80Not available in this settingRVU25C
2025-04-01$92.80Not available in this settingRVU25B
2025-01-01$92.80Not available in this settingRVU25A
2024-10-01$89.88Not available in this settingRVU24D
2024-07-01$89.88Not available in this settingRVU24C
2024-04-01$89.88Not available in this settingRVU24B
2024-03-09$89.88Not available in this settingRVU24AR
2024-01-01$88.41Not available in this settingRVU24A
2023-10-01$86.73Not available in this settingRVU23D
2023-07-01$86.73Not available in this settingRVU23C
2023-04-01$86.73Not available in this settingRVU23B
2023-01-01$86.73Not available in this settingRVU23A
2022-10-01$89.55Not available in this settingRVU22D
2022-07-01$89.55Not available in this settingRVU22C
2022-04-01$89.55Not available in this settingRVU22B
2022-01-01$89.55Not available in this settingRVU22A
2021-10-01$93.79Not available in this settingRVU21D
2021-07-01$93.79Not available in this settingRVU21C
2021-04-01$93.79Not available in this settingRVU21B
2021-01-01$93.79Not available in this settingRVU21A
2020-10-01$94.63Not available in this settingRVU20D
2020-07-01$94.63Not available in this settingRVU20C
2020-04-01$94.63Not available in this settingRVU20B
2020-01-01$94.63Not available in this settingRVU20A
2019-10-01$95.38Not available in this settingRVU19D
2019-07-01$95.38Not available in this settingRVU19C
2019-04-01$95.38Not available in this settingRVU19B
2019-01-01$95.38Not available in this settingRVU19A
2018-10-01$95.65Not available in this settingRVU18D
2018-07-01$95.65Not available in this settingRVU18C
2018-04-01$95.65Not available in this settingRVU18B
2018-01-01$95.65Not available in this settingRVU18AR1
2017-10-01$92.82Not available in this settingRVU17D
2017-07-01$92.82Not available in this settingRVU17C
2017-04-01$92.82Not available in this settingRVU17B
2017-01-01$92.82Not available in this settingRVU17A
2016-10-01$90.40Not available in this settingRVU16D
2016-07-01$90.40Not available in this settingRVU16C
2016-04-01$90.40Not available in this settingRVU16B
2016-01-01$90.40Not available in this settingRVU16A
2015-10-01$67.89Not available in this settingRVU15D
2015-07-01$67.89Not available in this settingRVU15C
2015-04-01$67.56Not available in this settingRVU15B
2015-01-01$67.56Not available in this settingRVU15A
2014-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14D
2014-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14C
2014-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14B
2014-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU14A
2013-10-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13D
2013-07-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13C
2013-04-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13B
2013-01-01Not in this releaseNot in this releaseRVU13AR

Price 88341 for an earlier date of service

Where the Vermont rate applies

Vermont is a Medicare payment area, not a city. Our Census mapping connects it to 180 cities and communities in Vermont. Some span more than one payment area; confirm with the service ZIP.

  • Albany
  • Alburgh
  • Algiers
  • Arlington
  • Ascutney
  • Bakersfield
  • Barnet
  • Barre

Browse all communities in Vermont

88341 billing questions

How do I split units between 88342 and 88341 when several specimens are stained?

Report 88342 for the initial single-antibody stain on each separately identified specimen. Report one unit of 88341 for each distinct additional single-antibody stain on that specimen, not for another slide or block stained with the same antibody.

Can 88341 be billed without a primary procedure?

No. It is an add-on code; report it with 88342 for the initial single-antibody stain on the same specimen.

When is a stain reported with 88344 rather than 88341?

Use 88344 for a multiplex stain procedure that produces distinguishable results from multiple antibodies. Use 88341 for an additional, separate single-antibody stain on the specimen.

Can 88341 be reported for the same antibody quantified with 88360 or 88361?

No. Do not also report a qualitative immunostain code for the same antibody on the same specimen when its morphometric analysis is reported with 88360 or 88361.

Which modifier identifies the pathologist’s interpretation when another entity stains the slides?

Report the separately billed interpretation with modifier 26; modifier TC identifies the separately billed technical work. When one entity bills both components, report the global service without either modifier.

Do control slides count as additional units?

No. Positive and negative control slides do not generate additional units of 88341.

Where these rates come from

FeeBase calculates base physician payments from CMS work, practice-expense and malpractice RVUs, adjusted by each locality’s geographic indexes and the conversion factor. Services without a published rate are labeled, never given a made-up amount. Amounts are Medicare allowed amounts before claim adjustments: not a patient’s bill or a commercial rate.

CMS RVU26D · effective Oct 1, 2026 through the day before Jan 1, 2027

Show the CMS file lines behind this rate
RVUs for 88341PPRRVU2026_Oct_nonQPP.csv, line 11,248 (RVU26D)
Geographic factors for VermontGPCI2026.csv, line 105 (RVU26D)

Open CMS sourceHow we calculate rates

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